Liberalization Price

Pali msika chuma, malingaliro monga mtengo liberalization. mawu Izi zikutanthauza kuti boma akukhala pa msika lopanda malire mtengo, potero yolimbikitsa bizinesi. Njira ngati mitengo kusinthasintha amapereka lonse chuma dongosolo lonse ndi patsogolo ulimi. Chifukwa, kuchuluka mpikisano mu msika, opanga kubwera ndi malingaliro atsopano ndi chidwi ndi kusintha khalidwe la katundu. Mu mawu ena, liberalization wa mitengo kumabweretsa chikhalidwe cha ufulu mitengo dongosolo. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti boma mu nkhani iyi mwina pang'ono kapena kwathunthu kuchotsedwa ntchito za mtengo mwachindunji lamulo.

Umu ndi mmene Mwachitsanzo, zikuwoneka ngati liberalization wa mitengo mu United States. Mu dziko lino, chifukwa mkaka mitengo ndi malamulo ndi Congress, kuti yekha amapereka mtengo akadakwanitsira malire. Ngati mitengo mkaka ndi m'munsi mwake, boma kupatula onse mankhwala kuti awatumize iwo ku katundu kapena chikondi.

Mu mode za chuma makonzedwe, amene amakhala ndi mphamvu zolimba pa mtengo onse (alili pamwamba), mtengo liberalization lofunika. Kuti amalola likulu kusuntha momasuka chuma msika katundu kukhala yam'manja. Komanso, kulondola wa liberalization wa mitengo limachititsa kuchepetsa mlingo wa bureaucracy mu chuma ndi patsogolo luso inflows ndalama ndi msika lonse.

chibwenzi, mtengo liberalization amadziwika Mabaibulo awiri. Njira yoyamba ndi chibadidwe mayiko a kum'mawa kwa Ulaya ndi Russia, ndi njira "mankhwala mantha". Amadziwika kuti ambiri amene analipo pa zipolowe mu 1992.

Yachiwiri, ya lililonse limatisokoneza umatchedwa - "mwapang'onopang'ono liberalization". Ndi kusintha kwa ufulu mitengo dongosolo anatengedwa ndi mayiko ambiri otukuka European. Mwa njira, pa nthawi yeniyeni imene iwo kusintha, ndipo Vietnam, ndi China, mu 1973 - 1986 zaka - France, ndipo pambuyo Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World ndi mayiko a kumadzulo kwa Ulaya.

Pamene dziko yathu, liberalization wa mitengo Russia zinachitika m'mwezi woyamba wa 1992. Ndi pamene boma anamasulidwa ku ulamuliro wake mitengo ya mankhwala onse, kupatulapo mkaka, mkate, matikiti zoyendera anthu. Lamulo pa Trade Free linasindikizidwa. Nzika iliyonse zosamukira ndalama zawo ku ndalama zakunja. Komanso, gawo la imports katundu opangidwa ku Russia. Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti liberalization wa mitengo Russia anapita mopepuka ndipo mwamsanga. Kuti mwa March 1992 mfundo ndi anthu akumana ndi njira zonse za "mankhwala mantha" - panali hyperinflation 2,600%. Zonsezi kwachititsa kuti depreciation ndalama, kuphatikizapo amene anali ku nkhani banki Russian anthu ambiri.

Akuluakulu anali kuyambitsa makuponi kwa katundu wambiri ndi kuwapatsa Russia, ndi mabizinesi - kuti apereke ngongole. Popeza ntchito likulu m'mafakitale ndi salinso moti anayamba kulankhula kuchedwa malipiro. Mwa njira, malipiro amadziwikanso chakhungu. Koma ulova chawonjezeka zikuchepa limasonyeza kusiyana zigawo olemera ndi osauka a anthu. Mosakayikira, "Gaidar" kusintha kulipira kutali.

Tsopano mu dziko panalibe kuchepa kwa chuma, koma mitengo awonjezera ndi nthawi 30, koma ndalama ya anthu ndi pafupifupi 50% chaka anagwa. Makamaka zovuta kugunda ndi kusintha kwa pensioners ndi antchito boma. Tsopano, akatswiri ambiri amanena kuti zolakwa za kusintha ndalama imeneyo kwagona andale mopupuluma anazindikira umboni ongolankhula wa monetarists, osati kutenga nkhani zenizeni za chuma Russian.