Madziko a limatifotokozera za machubu

Barani ndi kofunika kwambiri ndi zofunika khalidwe la infield lapansi. Chifukwa cha uthunthu kwambiri katundu ndi zipangizo zotheka chilengedwe cha zomangamanga palokha popanda thandizo la akatswiri. Izo zonse akuyamba ndi patsinde pa.

Kodi kulabadira chiyambi cha zomangamanga

Madziko limatifotokozera ndi osankhidwa zochokera katundu kupezeka kwa nthaka ndi mtundu. Kudzera Katswiri kusanthula nthaka n'zotheka kusankha zapansi mulingo woyenera zosinthika.

Mitundu nthaka:

• mchenga loam;
• loam;
• miyala;
• dongo;
• thanthwe.

Ngakhale omasuka ndi kuphweka wa zomangamanga, kwa yomanga ake akuti ndi mtundu zoyenerera za pamiyala ku khamu wandiweyani popanda voids ndi ming'alu. Iwo amakhala ndi kupanda matope, ndi kuzizira m'nyengo yozizira, subsidence, luso kupanga maziko ndi kuzungulira kapangidwe bata chokwanira.

umisiri watsopano

Kudzera chitukuko m'dera okondedwa malo amenewa, n'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito yomanga apamwamba mu miyala, ndi dothi dongo, komanso mchenga loam ndi loam. Choncho amakhala subsidence zosafuni- dothi, psinjika ake kwambiri, komanso pamaso pa quicksands ndi chisanu chikhamu.

nthaka kutupa angayambe onse m'mbali mwa dongosolo, ndi patsinde. Madziko limatifotokozera angatetezedwe ku izi mu njira izi:

• kuchotsa chikhamu dothi mu zomangamanga ndi malo ake ndi miyala ndi mchenga coarse;
• kupanga maziko monolithic;
• kumatira ndi matenthedwe kutchinjiriza wa m'munsi mbali zonse;
• malowedwe a maziko pansipa yozizira koopsa a.

chifukwa kuthira njira

Mkhalidwe kukhazikika limatifotokozera kuonetsetsa kudalirika ndi durability nyumba. chidwi ayenera kuperekedwa kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu za njira. makhalidwe okwanira osiyana muyezo Portland simenti, koma ayenera kupanga tsiku atsopano. Desirably tatenga chomenyedwa ndalama, chifukwa mowa uyu wotsikirapo chuma, yankho limakhala lolemererapo pa atagona ndi zambiri monolithic pa solidification. Nkofunika pakalibe zosafunika ndi zinyalala mu zigawo zonse, kuphatikizapo madzi. Pofuna kupeza yankho la wosanganiza simenti, mchenga ndi miyala mu chiŵerengero akuchipatala, ndiye anatsanulira portionwise ndi madzi kupanga yunifolomu mtanda.

Limene kumanga nyumbayi

mtundu gawo lapansi amusankha malingana ndi mphamvu zachuma, kukana kuti mavuto (ndi kuzizira, mobisa madzi) ndi pano pa gawo pansi.

Mzere kukhazikika limatifotokozera zambiri mosalekeza ndi cholimba. chipangizo awo imayamba ndi yokumba ngalande. Pamaso gawo ili ikusonyezedwa ndi kuyatsa pamtengo ndi twayini padziko kukafika kutsogolo kwa nyumba m'tsogolo, anatambasula pakati pawo.

M'munsi adzakhala kupeza mphamvu zina ndi yodalirika pamene wodzaza kwa tsiku limodzi ndi bwino tikaumbike. M'pofunikanso kukumbukira kuti oipa konkire chofunika kwa masiku angapo, ndipo pa kutentha, kuteteza akulimbana, izo nthawi madzi.

Doko maziko pansi shedi

Izi ndi Baibulo bajeti ya dongosolo ndi zosavuta kuchita zomwe popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo ndi mankhwala akatswiri wapadera. Popeza maziko zachokera zipilala angapo, nakumba pansi, si koyenera kukumba ngalande wathunthu. Care ayenera kumwedwa posankha losatheka amenewa chifukwa anagubuduza pansi, koma ndi abwino kwa malo m'goli.

mlatho luso maziko

Clay dothi ndi zofunika kuwaza miyala. Kuzama zipilala instillation thandizo kuchita masamu mogwirizana ndi mlingo wa chisanu ndi maonekedwe izi ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa wina masentimita 15. Atakwera thandizo la njerwa kapena konkire pa mafupa a mpanda, ngodya maziko a. The pansi pa recess ladzala ndi mchenga ndi miyala, kenako ting'onoting'ono basi. Kuonjezera mphamvu pakati ndi zitsulo ndodo.

Pofuna kupewa subsidence dongosolo la pansi zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo maziko analimbitsa-konkire. zipilala zomangamanga akutenga malo otsala mu recess lapansi. Zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito mipope wodzazidwa ndi midadada simenti, njerwa. Mu ntchito inawo amafuna kumatira ❖ kuyanika zikuchokera. Doko maziko khola amafuna chitetezo ku chinyezi malo makoma, ndi pawiri m'munsi, makamaka ngati anakonza yomanga matabwa.

Kuthandiza mizati kuwala yomanga matabwa angathe kukhala chuma ofanana. Ntchito kumatira impregnation wa mastics wapadera kapena moto. Chifukwa ichi, barani akutembenukira angapeze ndi bajeti.

Maziko khola la midadada ya

Penoblok ndi opepuka ndi cholimba zakuthupi ndi mtengo wololera. Ikani n'zosavuta zokwanira ngakhale kwa anthu amene Sankakamba ntchito imeneyi. Ikani kwa m'munsi ndi mpanda, kulola kuchepetsa katundu wonse pansi. Umayamba yomanga trenching kapena yomanga, ngati mukufuna kulenga chapansi.

Ntchito kuya mawerengedwe anatchula pamwamba, m'lifupi mu nkhani iyi ndi chipika makulidwe ndi zina 20 cm. Pansi pa dzenje (Ngalande) ladzala pilo mchenga ndi miyala, ndiye anaika formwork ndi chimango ikuthandizira. Konkire udzathiridwa pamwamba, ndi wosanjikiza ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 20 cm. The thovu midadada Kuuluka zotheka pambuyo solidification wathunthu.

Maziko khola la midadada thovu losiyana chomasuka unsembe, mtengo wotsika, kukana kuti nthaka acid ndi chikoka cha yozizira koopsa, ndi moyo wautali ndi pang'ono nthawi yambiri makonzedwe ake.

Atakhala thovu midadada akuyamba ndi mfundo ngodya. Kudzaza kuwotcherera kunja ikuchitika ndi Kuwonjezera njira chitetezo chinyezi. Base mbali lakunja zakutidwa owerengeka kumatira zinthu, ndiye ngalande ndi anakumba.

mipope asibesitosi patsinde pa nyumba

Maziko anapanga limatifotokozera a mipope asbestos- mtundu ndi unsembe wawo zitsime mokhomerera ndi kuthira osakaniza konkire. Ntchito ikuthandizira khola kuwonjezera kudalirika ndi durability. Koma, ngati kamangidwe ena onse, ali ndi ubwino ndi kuipa.

Mwa zovuta ndi Dziwani ndi fragility ntchito. Kodi nthawi pazipita ntchito zaka 70, kuganizira mfundo yakuti analimbitsa maziko konkire akhoza kuyima kwa zaka mazana angapo, maziko a miyala ndi njerwa ndi katswiri ndi moyo wautali utumiki.

Kapangidwe columnar a mipope sangathe ntchito pa dothi lofewa, madambo ndi mtunda ndi kusiyana lalikulu mpumulo.

Ngakhale uno, mtundu wa maziko zambiri ubwino:

• Pakuti akuchiritsa amatenga pafupi sabata, ndiye inu mukhoza kuyamba ntchito.
• Musaphwanye kugula matabwa kumanga formwork.
• Low mtengo. Asibesitosi-simenti mapaipi mtundu wotsika mtengo kwambiri midadada simenti kapena milu konkire.
• Musaphwanye kukumba ngalande, agwirizane pansi ndi kudzaza mchenga ndi miyala osakaniza mogwirizana ndi mitundu ina ya zapansi.
• Pakuti unsembe sikutanthauza kunyamula zipangizo ndi katswiri thandizo.