Mfundo - kuti ... George lonena. nthanthi lonena

Timapepala - ndi sayansi, zamulungu kapena nzeru zaumunthu kufotokoza, ndiwo za malo makamaka mutu, ndipo pali zokambirana za vuto ndi kwanzeru. Zitsanzo ayenera kukhala ndi kumvetsa bwino.

Ntchito ya Archimedes

Mfundo za sayansi ndi asayansi. Mwachitsanzo, Archimedes analemba mabuku ambiri. Monga njira sayansi kuti mavuto? Iye anali kudana ndi okhwima, ngakhale umboni wodzichepetsa. Choncho, tingathe kunena kuti Archimedes ndi bambo a sayansi masamu. ntchito zake "Pa Yoyandama Pamadzi Matupi" ndi "Pa mgwirizano wa kanjedza ndege" amadzipereka kwa iye. The Tinganenenso chimodzimodzi za lonena kwambiri Optics amatchedwa "Catoptrics" lomwe, mwatsoka, wanena sanapulumuke. Mu ntchito "Pa mgwirizano wa kanjedza ndege" kuphatikizapo nkhani wazotsatira amadziwika ndi Archimedes akalambula. Zikugwirizanirana zolimba. Izi wasayansi mudziwe limafanizira postulates, mu kulankhula kwina, axioms. Zotsatira analandira pamene, Archimedes anatsimikizira zonse, motero kupanga chiphunzitso za pakati yokoka. Wasayansi komanso anapereka zitsanzo. Iye kudziwa malo yokoka kwa mitundu yonse ya zinthu mosabisa.

The lonena "Pa matupi akuyandama"

Akatswiri akukhulupirira kuti lonena "Pa Yoyandama Pamadzi Matupi" Archimedes analemba atakalamba ntchito zawo, ndipo ena amakhulupirira kuti iyi ili ntchito yake atsopano. Ntchito imeneyi kwake mabuku awiri. Mu Buku loyamba la sayansi, ndi kukhulupirira kuti ufulu madzi pamwamba ozungulira, mndandanda ikufotokoza nkhani zokhudza kuyenda pansi pa madzi mu izo olimba zinthu, ndi kutitengera malamulo wake wotchuka, amene lero zinalembedwa m'mabuku sukulu. Iye amamangirira zofunika kwambiri. Nzosadabwitsa, chifukwa amaona lamulo amakezana achilengedwe. Njira vuto mu buku limeneli ali wofanana: kugwiritsa ntchito kuonerera, wasayansi amalenga chitsanzo cha madzi, chifukwa chimene amalandira mndandanda wa zotsatira. Komanso zimatsimikizira iwo sequentially. Buku lachiwiri la Archimedes, poganiza kuti padziko madzi ndi mosabisa, timasonyeza kuti mfundo kanthu hydrometer. Kodi yotsatira? Ofufuzawa ndiye ikufotokoza zinthu mgwirizano chikhalidwe chooneka ngati gawo la paraboloid ndi madzi. Timasonyeza Archimedes ndi lero ndi wofunika kwambiri pa shipbuilding.

ntchito zotchuka Aristotle

Aristotle analenga yoyamba m'mbiri ya lonena nthanthi pa moyo. bwanji otchedwa? Zapamwamba: "Pa moyo". nkhani imeneyi kumakhala osati maganizo a Aristotle. Pachiyambi pali mitsutso za moyo ndiwe wa wasayansi amene amakhala ndi kugwira ntchito kale, ndipo ndiye yekha chikufotokoza maganizo a anthu wolemba. Choncho, buku limeneli tinganene kuti yoyamba ntchito historiographical, zokhudza dera kuwerenga maganizo ndi nzeru. Chidwi, sichoncho?

Fomu ndi Kupemphera

Psychological wasayansi mfundo resonated kwambiri ndi maganizo ake onse nthanthi Pamfundo nkhani. Inu mukanakhoza kunena kuti unayambika chifukwa iwo. Pomvetsa chitukuko sayansi dziko akuyenda kusanganikirana mosalekeza mfundo ziwiri - yogwira, omwe Aristotle otchedwa mawonekedwe, ndi kungokhala chete, wotchedwa kanthu. Kodi atsopano? Inde, mwina, chirichonse chimene wazungulira anthu ndi okha komanso. Lililonse makamaka zinthu chinthu aumbike mwa mawonekedwe amene ali kukonza bwino. Ndiponso ndi kudzera mu chinthu iye amapeza tanthauzo Mkhalidwe. Fomu nkhani mungathe osati co-kwinakwake. Mfundo zimenezi limodzi. moyo ndi mawonekedwe. Ilipo mu zamoyo zonse. Aristotle ankakhulupirira izi. Imene katswiri wa maonekedwe ndi ofunika, ndipo moyo umene uli wa zamoyo zonse, ali ndi mndandanda wa zotsatira chidwi kwambiri. Muyenera kupereka ulemu wapadera kwa iwo, kuwerenga ndemanga pa moyo. Ambiri, ayenera kutero kutchereza mawu onse.

Kodi moyo?

Aristotle ankakhulupirira kuti munthu akhoza kukhala kapena boma primordial, kapena thupi palokha kupatukana chodabwitsa lapansi. Chimene icho chiri? Soul - ndi moyo, yogwira mfundo akachita m'nkhaniyo chipolopolo, mawonekedwe, koma sangathe ankaimira ngati wothandizira palokha kapena thupi.

Kamasutra - wina lonena wotchuka

Ndithudi aliyense anamva osachepera pang'ono za lonena wotchuka "Kama Sutra." Komabe, si onse kudziwa kuti kumasulira kwenikweni kwa buku limeneli ndi laling'ono kwambiri. Iwo akhoza kuziwerenga pa zala. Mwa njira, timapepala ofanana - zambiri osungira nyama zazikulu, ndipo ntchito imeneyi tinganene kuti lapadera.

Ntchito nthawi zonse

Ndipotu Kama Sutra - ntchito yaikulu, kuthandiza ofufuza ambiri kuphunzira mbiri yakale Indian. Ndi ntchito tingamvetse bwino zomwe m'dziko limeneli chogwidwa ndi miyambo, mores amene anali lililonse la anthu ambiri, mungaphunzire kwambiri. Tikumbukenso kuti panopa ndi Kama Sutra tinganene kuti ntchito wapatali kwambiri. Pochitika Zakachikwi, koma mavuto a chikondi ndi chidani, ubale pakati pa amuna ndi akazi akupitiriza kutenga maganizo a anthu ambiri. Zikuoneka kuti m'zaka zinkapita ngati masekondi, komanso sayansi anthu sichinasinthe. Anthu kugwa m'chikondi, kugonana, kuvutika, nampsopsonetsa, kulota tsiku, monga zikwi zapitazo.

buku limeneli pa chikondi, zinalembedwa prose, koma mapeto zokambidwa mu mawonekedwe ndime - amene Ndi mmene kwa sloka tingachipeze powerenga kukula.

mbali ulaliki

Kodi tinganene chiyani za kalembedwe ntchito imeneyi? Iwo wothinikizidwa kwambiri, minimalist, izo sumanyezimira mafanizo zokongola ndi yaitali nkhani. kalembedwe uyu anali lililonse sutras, nthawi zina mukhoza kuona kuti ali ndi kufanana Bhashya (otchedwa wakale Indian ndemanga), choncho sitinganene kuti chidwi ndi choyambirira. Mwa njira, zachilendo ndi chiyambi ndipo si chofunika kwa chilengedwe cha ntchito. Timapepala - si nthawi zonse chinachake kwambiri choyambirira. lemba unkagwiritsidwa nominative mukuiganizira. Ambiri, ntchito imeneyi ndi nkhani, imene Tingaone pafupipafupi ikuchita ndi ndingaliro ankafuna. Kayankhulidwe chidwi cha buku limeneli? Pa inu mukhoza kunena zinthu zabwino zokha: ndi mawu ntchito m'lembali ali achindunji kwambiri ndipo si misleadingly, ndipo ngati munthu polima ndipo anafotokoza ena yachilendo, m'pamenenso zidzagwiritsidwanso ntchito yekha mlanduwo. Komabe, mu lonena muli mawu ambiri, ofanana matanthauzo, omwe akutipatsa nkhani ndi kukongola ena.

lonena George

Pali komanso Mfundo ndondomeko. Kwenikweni, izi si zachilendo. Izi zikuphatikizapo lonena St George. Kodi nkhani yake?

July 24, 1783 kusaina chikalata Irakli II, ndi mfumu ya Kakheti ndi Kartli, amazindikira chitetezo komanso ulamuliro wa Russia. Izo zinachitika mu chinyumba wa St. George. Mu mgwirizano umenewu, Irakli II a mfumu ya Georgia, anavomereza kuti chitetezo cha dziko lathu ndi analonjeza kuti makhalidwe mfundo yachilendo paokha. Asilikali ake kuchokera nthawi imeneyo inali Russia. Koma Mfumukazi Catherine Wachiwiri, iye analonjeza kuti katundu wa mfumu adzakhala anali bwinobwino, ndipo Georgia tidzakambirana yoyenda yokha, koma adzatetezedwa. Pambuyo kusaina Pangano la St. George mayiko heterodox, ndicho Turkey ndi Iran, kuti moderated chilakolako chawo. Iwo anasiya zolusa Mwachidule pa East Georgia. Mfundo zoterozo - izo zangokhala chipulumutso m'mayiko ena.

zochitika m'mbiri yakale zimene zinachitika kusaina lonena za

Pambuyo kusaina mgwirizano anatenga malo angapo zochitika wofunika m'mbiri. Mwachitsanzo, PS Potemkin analamula kuti pakhale Chijojiya usilikali Highway kulankhula ndi dziko Trust. Mwa njira, izo unachitikira pa chiphaso mtanda. msewu, umene ntchito asilikali 800, anali wokonzeka mwamsanga 1783, m'dzinja. Posachedwapa mkulu wa iwo anapita Tiflis. Pofuna kuteteza msewu kuchokera kuukira Ingush mu 1784 pansi pa dzina la Vladikavkaz linga inamangidwa. Koma Ossetia, izo anakhala mbali ya dziko lathu.

Mu 1791, Russia nufuna kuti Turkey salinso ayenerere Georgia. M'kupita kwanthawi zikanayenera kuti zichitike. Inali kuperekedwa ngati akufuna kuti kusainira ndi Iasi lonena pambuyo pa nkhondo pakati Turkey ndi Russia.

Olamulira ena a Transcaucasia anayamikira kuchita Irakli II. Ndiponso, anasankha kutsatira chitsanzo chake. Mu 1783, olamulira Armenia atapempha chitetezo kwa Russia. Ndipo posachedwa West Georgia anachita chimodzimodzi. Zinali mu 1801.

lonena chandale lofunika kwambiri mu mbiri ya Georgia, chifukwa anali pambuyo kusaina chake okwatira Russia. Ndi tanthauzo lalikuru kwa iye. Analidi kutetezedwa osati mawu chikhalidwe ndi andale, komanso weniweni, thupi.