Matenda Parkinson, ndipo moyo amayembekezeka, zizindikiro zoyambirira, siteji

matenda Parkinson - matenda kudziwika kwa anthu kuchokera kalelo. Mu dokotala XIX m'ma D. Parkinson anafotokoza zizindikiro khalidwe ndi anazindikira kuti kugwedeza manjenje. matenda chikutchedwa wasayansi wa - matenda Parkinson. Ndi chiyani icho? Monga mankhwala amakono amaona matenda ndi njira mankhwala?

mbali

Parkinson matenda - osachiritsika CNS matenda, makamaka zokhudza ntchito ya minofu ndi mafupa dongosolo. Makamaka amapezeka mu ukalamba (pambuyo pa zaka 70-80), koma palinso milandu matenda pambuyo zaka 40. deta Statistical kusonyeza kuti anthu 500 dziko amadwala matenda.

Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti matenda Parkinson ndi Alzheimer ngati. Nthawi zonse anakhudzidwa kumlingo chapakati mantha dongosolo, koma chitukuko cha limagwirira ndi osiyana kwambiri. Kwa matenda a Alzheimer yodziwika ndi matenda chidziwitso ndi akusokoneza advantageously minofu ndi mafupa Parkinson.

thunthu la matenda

Mwaulesi kwa kugoletsa akuyankha CNS. Kamodzi munthu chabe kuganizira zimene iye akufuna kuti achite, ndi kotekisi oziziritsa ndi kale akutumiza mbendera machitidwe onse kuti adzakhala nawo kanthu. Mmodzi wa m'mbali mwa mbendera analandira - ndi woyambira ganglia. Izi woyera olimba amafotokozera mu mawonekedwe a mfundo ubongo amene amachita kayendedwe komanso yovuta. Ubwino wa nyemba za kudzera mwa iwo zimadalira m'mene zolondola, apamwamba ndi kanthu mofulumira adzakhala.

Ndi nthawi ndondomeko ya mtundu dopamine. matenda Parkinson ukuchititsa mbali zina za zotsatira woyambira ganglia mu akusokoneza conduction kwa zikhumbo za mitsempha. Komanso, odwala amalembedwa milingo kuchepa kwa dopamine, amene ali ndi udindo kwa chopinga mpaka kalekale chizindikiro oziziritsa excitatory. Chifukwa, gawo la iwo anatumiza mwachindunji minofu ndi kumapangitsa chidule awo. Kodi akapsa hypertonicity pafupipafupi kugwedezeka explainable zonse voteji minofu minofu.

zimayambitsa

nthawi zambiri zapita kuyambira apo, monga ya zizindikiro anayamba kuonedwa kuti matenda osiyana. CNS matenda limagwirira ntchito mu njira ambiri zikuoneka theoretically yekha, matenda makamaka Parkinson. Kodi izo - asayansi mukudziwa, ndipo ndicho chimene kumathandiza kuti mapangidwe ake sakudziwika. Amafunika chitukuko cha matenda zimakhudza:

• kukalamba - kuchepa zachilengedwe chiwerengero cha maselo mitsempha ndi kutulutsa dopamine;
• cholowa chinthu - siziri anatsimikizira kukhalako kwa mbewu za matenda Parkinson, koma 10% milandu mu mtengo banja ali ndi wachibale ndi kudwala ofanana;
• Kuledzela yaitali (kukhudzana ndi zitsulo, poizoni, mankhwala);
• ntchito neuroleptics (kuchepa kwa kupanga dopamine ndipo kungakhale matenda);
• choipa ndi chotupa mu ubongo;
• nkhawa, kugona osauka ndi zakudya, kupanda mavitamini;
• matenda ena.

The zimayambitsa matenda Parkinson ndi mankhwala mwachindunji amadalira mzake. adokotala zichokera chakuti zinayambitsa chitukuko cha kuvutika conduction kwa zikhumbo za mitsempha. Quality mankhwala zomwe zimayambitsa zakuya adzakupatsani zotsatira zabwino mu chithandizo chonse cha matenda.

zizindikiro

Kudziwa zizindikiro woyamba wa matenda amathandiza ku matenda oyambirira ndi mankhwala, amene kumawonjezera mwayi mankhwala ndi moyo zaka zambiri. Gome m'munsimu zizindikiro zazikulu ndi chikhalidwe cha asayembekezere:

Odwala matenda Parkinson stiffness m'magulu wake. Chitsanzo khalidwe la mtundu wa anthu: mikono wopindidwa pa elbows ndi anakakamizidwa m'thupi, thupilo ndi pang'ono anawerama ndi kulemera ankatembenukira patsogolo, mutu wake pang'ono anatambasula. Chimaonekadi nthawi kugwedera kwa miyendo, nkhope bata, sikuti zili mu mtima uliwonse.

matenda ndi moyo Parkinson amayembekezeka

Limodzi la mafunso zotsangalatsa odwala ndi achibale awo, "Kodi patapita zaka zambiri matenda a matenda moyo" akatswiri Yankho ndi lakuti: "Pamene matenda ndi apamwamba kwambiri mu zaka zoyambirira za moyo amayembekezeka kuposa senile." maphunziro Recent zinkalosera avareji chithunzi cha zaka 7.4. Izi nthawi ina, amene ali kunyumba kwa anthu wamba ndi matenda a "matenda Parkinson".

Ndipo moyo amayembekezeka kuti nkani imawunikidwa kokha pamaziko a zaka isanayambike. The mofulumira a kupitilira kumatengera zifukwa zambiri, umene masiku awa, mwamwayi, angakhudzidwe ndi:

• khalidwe la chithandizo ndi chisamaliro;
• dziko okhala;
• yake matenda ndi mwambo wa mankhwala.

Studies linachita ku UK, kuti mu zotupa za chapakati mantha dongosolo, chifukwa mu m'badwo wa zaka pafupifupi 40, chiwerengerochi moyo amayembekezeka ndi zaka 39. Iwo likukhalira kuti, kaya kapena ayi matenda akufotokozera munthu ali ndi mwayi kukhala ndi zaka kucha akale. Ndithudi, izi ndi zotheka yekha malinga ndi moyo wathanzi ndi kuchizira matenda umalimbana liwiro kupitirira kwa matenda.

siteji kakulidwe

Matendawa Kodi osadzuka balamanthu, pang'onopang'ono m'kati. Gawo lirilonse yodziwika ndi zizindikiro zenizeni. Kuchokera pa mawonekedwe a matenda Parkinson, njira mankhwala anatsimikiza. 6 kusiyanitsa magawo a matenda:

1. Koyamba (ziro) - popanda zizindikiro, koma kale kuonedwa anakhala pafupipafupi kusokonezedwa ndi kuyiwala.
2. The choyamba - kugonjetsedwa mmodzi ndiye amaganiza, zizindikiro ndi ofooka. Pa nthawi imeneyi, anthu ochepa okha kupita kwa dokotala.
3. The chachiwiri - matendawa amakhudza miyendo onse, mkhutu bwino thupi, wodwalayo zovuta kukhalabe.
4. Chachitatu - n'zovuta kuyenda popanda thandizo, kugwedeza kumawonjezera.
5. Chachinayi - chosowa wathunthu luso kuti agwire gulu lawo ndi kuyenda, koma anapitiriza mphamvu yokana popanda kuthandizidwa. Odwala amafunika kusamalidwa ndiponso kuthandizidwa.
6. Chachisanu - munthu anadwala, pali imfa lathunthu la ulamuliro wa dongosolo la minofu ndi mafupa.

Aliyense wa magawo chitukuko cha matenda amafuna munthu njira. Ngati muli zizindikiro zilizonse koyamba ayenera yomweyo funsani dokotala. chithandizo mwamsanga kungathandize kuti akunde matenda Parkinson, ndipo moyo amayembekezeka zingawonjezere ndi kangapo.

diagnostics

Potchula dokotala pa siteji iliyonse ya chitukuko cha matenda akapatsidwa kufufuza matenda, zomwe zimathandiza kudziwa matenda enieni. dokotala amadalira pa aligorivimu zotsatirazi:

• yoyendera ndi chizindikiritso zizindikiro, natsimikiza pamaso pa parkinsonism;
• mtima wa chikhalidwe cha matenda: parkinsonism sekondale chifukwa cha matenda a mtima ndi zotupa ubongo, kapena palokha;
• kutsimikizira kwa matenda pa maziko a deta mbiri zachipatala ndi zasayansi ndi njira zina matenda.

Nthawi zambiri ntchito diagnostics wamakono: CT, Kujambula, PET kapena Kwalamulidwa Kupenda ziwiya oziziritsa (REG, akugwirira).

Pamene zizindikiro zenizeni kuoneka zikuonetsa kutsimikizira minofu kamvekedwe, nthawi yaitali matenda ndi kupitirira ake. Mwachitsanzo, flexion chabe ayenera limodzi ndi zosangalatsa yomweyo minofu, ndi mtima M'malo mwake, pali odulidwa awo.

njira Medical amachitira matenda Parkinson

matenda sikuti amatanthauza mankhwala mwamsanga. Madokotala kuwunika mavuto onse zotheka ndi mavuto, nthawi ya matenda ndi liwiro kupitilira ake. Kodi kuchiza matenda Parkinson? zotsatira achire zachokera phwando mankhwala, amene umalimbana kutsekereza kupanga dopamine ndi zinthu zake zowononga. Pakuti zolinga zimenezi zikutanthauza:

• okhutira wa dopamine, precursors kapena agonists ( "levodopa", "Lisuride", "Ropinirole" "Bromocriptine");
• kutsekereza michere Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti chiwonongeko cha dopamine (Mao ndi COMT zoletsa);
• mutsogolo kutulutsidwa kwa nkhokwe mtundu ( "Bemantan", "Amantadine");
• kutsekereza malemeredwe kwambiri a manyuroni ( "Biperiden", Trihexyphenidyl, "" protsiklidina "" Memantadin ");
• neuroleptics, mankhwala, ndi antidepressants ndi relaxants minofu.

Mu magawo oyambirira a maganizo pa momwe kuchiza matenda Parkinson mankhwala, kawirikawiri khalidwe kwambiri payekha. Mwachitsanzo, "L-dopa" imatengedwa mankhwala aakulu ndi amakonda mwayi tanthauzo lake. magulu ena a mankhwala (agonists, Mao zoletsa ndi COMT) ali lililonse limatisokoneza ndipo salola matenda kupita patsogolo. Ndi kuyamika mankhwala n'zotheka kuti akuchedwa phwando "Levodopa".

Chithandizo mu gawo lotsiriza

Kaya chikhalidwe cha matenda, mu chitukuko Ikubwera nthawi imene infringements ndi sizingasinthe, ndipo kwambiri mu chiwerengero. Yaitali ntchito "Levodopa" mankhwala (pafupifupi 5 zaka zambiri) kumabweretsa mapangidwe a kukana kuti zotsatira zake. Pakufunika kuonjezera mayunitsi mlingo umene kumatanthauza mavuto ena.

Wodwala chithandizo cha mapeto gawo yafupika kuthetsa matenda a chikumbumtima, chisamaliro khalidwe thanzi ndi zoweta. Mlingo wa mankhwala okhudza tsiku malingana ndi chamoyo ndi dzuwa anachita.

Njira mankhwala opaleshoni

Opaleshoni sikawirikawiri ntchito ndi pokha pokha kumene chithandizo ndiwofatsa ndi mphamvu. opaleshoni amachitidwa pa ubongo: ndi thalamus ndi kotekisi. Anapanga njira zingapo zimenezi:

• Magetsi zosagwiritsa ubongo - mu dongosolo ubongo wodwalayo anayambitsa maelekitirodi amene olumikiza neurostimulator, gogo implantable pansi bere. Ndondomeko kubweza matenda Parkinson. Zabwino ndemanga za opaleshoni: chikhalidwe ambiri bwino, kamvekedwe ndi kuchepetsedwa stiffness, matenda pang'onopang'ono.
• Thalamotomy - njira zoopsa, koma nthawi zina zimabweretsa zotsatira zabwino ndi kubweretsa galimoto ntchito ya dongosolo minofu ndi mafupa. Ndi chiwonongeko cha nyumba ina ya thalamus lapansi.
• Kupatsidwa zina za dopaminergic minofu - njira komanso zochokera kupatsidwa zina zakuthupi mwiniwake. Imalimbikitsa normalization kupanga dopamine ndi ayambe ntchito galimoto.

Opaleshoni - njira kwambiri amachitira matenda Parkinson. Dera lonse la asayansi wakhala akuchita mu chitukuko ndi kusintha njira wogwila pamudzipo olanda ndi ndiwofatsa pa ubongo.

Ayamikira Medicine Njira

Kukhalabe thupi liyenera kuunika njira ya moyo, kusintha zina makhalidwe. Wodwala ayenera kusiya zizolowezi, kukhazikitsa mphamvu zambiri nthawi yopuma ndi kuti asadandaule poponya. zolimbitsa thupi achire, mpweya wabwino ndi kutikita akatswiri komanso chiyani saletsa kupeza bwino.

Osati choletsedwa kuyesa dziko chithandizo cha Parkinson matenda, zochokera ntchito mankhwala zomera. Tisaiwale kufunika kumwa mankhwala: mankhwala achilengedwe kumathandiza yothandizira, koma osati yaikulu. Zochizira ntchito laimu, phula, Mapila, tchire, liziwawa St. Yohane. Ali anticonvulsant ndi minofu zotsatira anasiya.

matenda Parkinson, ndipo moyo amayembekezeka mwachindunji amadalira kukula kwa zotupa ubongo, liwiro kupitirira mmene ziliri pa wodwala. matenda oyambirira ndi mankhwala, monga ulamuliro, kupereka zaka 20-30 moyo.