Zaka anyezi: mitundu kukula. Zaka anyezi pa amadyera ndi

Kuwonjezera pa mpiru mwachizolowezi, m'madera a wamaluwa zoweta zambiri kuonedwa ndi zothandiza kwambiri yaitali uta. Ndi mtundu umenewu wa akutsegula vitamini kasupe nyengo ndi kumasuka masamba obiriwira ali pafupi oyamba ku munda. Mbali yapadera ya anyezi nthawi yaitali akhoza zimachitika makamaka kusamalira kuphweka ndi zokolola mkulu.

makhalidwe General

Species ya anyezi osatha, pali zingapo. Kumene, iwo, monga mbewu ina masamba amafuna ulimi wothirira, tillage ndi feteleza. Komabe, ambiri, kusamalira iwo pafupifupi palibe kusiyana kwa chisamaliro mwachizolowezi kwa anyezi-Repka. Zomera zokhudzana ndi kusiyana pakati pawo Ndipotu pali zambiri. Mpiru ndi annuals ena mwakula makamaka kwa mababu lalikulu ndi yowutsa mudyo. Perennials anabzala munda kwa tsamba - pa amadyera lapansi. Yotsirizira nthawi kudula 2-3 pa nyengo.

Mbali yokha ya ochiritsira mauta Mipikisano ndi kuchuluka zofuna khalidwe la nthaka. mbewu oterowo anabzala makamaka loamy ndi mchenga loam dothi zakudya. Acidity wa nthaka mu nkhani iyi ayenera kuyandikira kwa ndale. Ngati chithunzi ichi ndi 5.5, nthaka ndi kale kotheka kuti laimu.

Nthawi zina uta yaitali ndi kuvala dothi mchenga. Komabe, mu dothi ngati zomera kutulutsa zambiri umatheka ndi sanapereke zokoma kwambiri masamba.

Pa malo omwewo anyezi yaitali zambiri limakula zaka 2-4. Ndiye lifunika anabzala mwatsopano, chifukwa khalidwe la greenery ndi akuyamba kuipa. Cholembera si osaya kokha komanso wotaya kulemera kwake khalidwe amakambirana.

mitundu

Zosiyanasiyana anyezi osatha, mwatsoka, anasonyeza pang'ono kwambiri. Koma mitundu wake kumeneko chiwerengero chachikulu. Pakali pano, iwo ndi oposa 600. Koma, ndithudi, minda ndi minda ya zipatso mwakula osati onse a iwo. Ambiri ndi otchuka awa mitundu ya anyezi yaitali monga:

• Wales;
• tiered;
• chives;
• onunkhira;
• Slizunov.

Wales anyezi

mtundu yafala m'dziko lathu posachedwapa. Batuna adzabadwira ndi China. Mu dziko lino, iwo ankaona kuti ngakhale kuthengo. wotchuka kwambiri ndi uta yaitali Mongolia, Korea, ndi Vietnam. Mu njira ina imatchedwa "yozizira", "mchenga", "fistular".

The precursors zabwino anyezi ichi - tomato, mbatata, kabichi ndi nkhaka. Wales anabzala zambiri mu dothi lonyowa (palibe stagnation madzi). Land asanadzalemo kukumba pa zokumbira mpeni.

Kukula pa malo omwewo mitundu ndi mmodzi, awiri kapena atatu zaka. Nthawi awiri oyambirira, anyezi Wales yabzalidwa mu kasupe (mwamsanga). Pamene zaka zitatu kulima mabedi seeded kuyambira m'ma chilimwe mpaka October.

Kodi kukula Wales anyezi

Mofulumira kumera mbewu za chikhalidwe zambiri akhathamiritsa kwa maola 24. Nthawi ina angayendetsere kufufuma wabwino. Madzi akuwukha 2-3 nthawi kusintha. Pambuyo kutupa mbewu kuchotsedwa kozungulira ndi zouma.

Kudzala anyezi opangidwa ku mabedi lokonzedwa bwino mu mizere iwiri kapena isanu ndi umodzi. Kwirirani mbewu m'nthaka ndi masentimita 1-2. Mtunda pakati pa mizere ndi zomera munthu ayenera kukhala pafupi 18-20 cm.

Kusamalira anyezi batun ndi nthawi kuthirira ndi manyowa. Nthawi yoyamba mu munda nthaka ukala masika isanafike chodzala mbewu. Choncho kugwiritsa ntchito fetereza. Kenako, kudya ikuchitika nthawi iliyonse cholembera kudula. Pankhaniyi, ndi kuvala kwambiri chifukwa tikatero kuchepetsedwa mphamvu ndi mullein madzi. zabwino kwambiri yaitali Wales anyezi ndi kuyankha phulusa njira. Nthawi zambiri, kuthirira tchire Sikuti. Nthaka pansi pa chomera nthawi yothira lokha pa chilala yaitali. Anapanga mvula kutumphuka yopuma mafupa okhaokha.

The chakudya masamba anyezi akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo kufika msinkhu wa 10-15 cm. Zomera The tadulidwa pa tsinde, n'kusiya mivi awiri kapena atatu pa mbewu. Patapita kanthawi masamba kukula kachiwiri. Pa nyengo inu mukhoza kutenga ku Wales anyezi zokolola 2-3.

Tiered anyezi osatha

mtundu ali mbali zachilendo kwambiri. Tiered uta sapereka mbewu. Choncho, zimafalitsidwa vegetatively yekha. M'malo mbewu pa inflorescence limakula zigawo 2-3 la mababu ang'onoang'ono mpweya. Anabzala mu nthaka yomweyo pambuyo zokolola, monga iwo ndi osauka kwambiri kusunga khalidwe. Mu wina uta Mipikisano tiered umatchedwanso "moyo mwankhanza", "tentha mthupi" ndi "Igupto". Masamba anali fistular dzenje, kufika kutalika kwa masentimita 50.

Mosiyana ndi Wales anyezi, mitundu anyezi kuti alibe nthawi matalala. Masamba iwo anayamba kupanga, akadali pa mbewu kholo. Mbali yapadera ya buku lino monga kuphatikizapo kumayambiriro kwenikweni kwa kusasitsa. Akumasula masamba kuchokera pansi-bay tiweramitse ngakhale pamaso Wales anyezi.

Features wa kulima

Kusamalira mitundu imeneyi ndi yosavuta. Kukula anyezi akhoza tiered ndipo pachaka, ndipo ngati osatha. Kuti wobiriwira chaka chamawa, mpweya mababu ayenera anabzala m'chilimwe mpaka m'ma August. Mu kasupe zomera ndi anadyetsa wathunthu mchere fetereza.

M'chaka chachitatu pambuyo kudula anyezi kwenikweni bulbochek tiered woonda kunja, kulekanitsa mwana mababu. inawo angagwiritsidwe ntchito monga chuma kubzala.

anyezi onunkhira

Home kwa mitundu, komanso batuna ndi Mongolia ndi China. Mu wina anyezi wokoma amatchedwanso Siberia, ndi "Chinese adyo". Pa malo amodzi mukhoza kukula zaka 4-5. The chakudya, monga anyezi zina yaitali, masamba onunkhira ntchito. The mababu a zomera alibe phindu malonda. Masamba angafikire kutalika masentimita 25-40.

Kodi kukula

Chulukitsani uta izi mungathe onse vegetatively ndi mbewu. Mu malo aang'ono kaŵirikaŵiri anagwiritsa ntchito njira yoyamba. Njira imeneyi zokolola akhoza analandira kale mu chaka chomwecho. Mbeu ntchito kwambiri kamodzikamodzi, chifukwa zomera anabzala mu njira iyi, kukhala mochuluka pang'onopang'ono. M'nthawi ya chilimwe, thengo lirilonse aumbike 5-6 masamba abwino kwambiri.

Kodi choyamba organic ndi njira iliyonse chodzala bedi ya feteleza mchere. Mbewu za mitundu osatha anyezi amene anabzala m'mizere, mtunda wa pakati pawo ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 35 masentimita. nthaka iwo m'manda 2 cm. Tengani mbewu kungakhale kokha pa thuu ndi chomera zaka zitatu.

Kusamalira anyezi onunkhira lophweka. Seedbed ayenera nthawi kulimira. Nthawi iliyonse truncation siteji anakhetsa mullein njira. mababu matalala nthawi ya chikhalidwe mulibe, ndipo iwo kuziika pafupi pa nthawi iliyonse.

Allium nutans

mtundu amakhala ndi masamba lathyathyathya yaitali ndipo akhoza kukula mu malo amodzi kwa zaka 1-2. Allium nutans amatchedwanso "kuŵeramitsa" kapena "glandular". Maonekedwe ake amadziwika chifukwa si Fungo lamphamvu lamankhwala kwambiri kukoma ndi pang'ono modekha kuposa masamba mitundu ina. Kuthengo ilo limakula anyezi mu Mongolia ndi Transbaikalia. Umapezeka mu Altai Mountains. Mwina zokoma kwambiri mitundu yonse pakalipano wa anyezi nthawi yaitali. Kalasi, mwatsoka, ochepa kwambiri. The odziwika bwino kwambiri ndi otchuka ndi alimi m'deralo Green ali zimaŵetedwa ndi akatswiri Timiryazev Academy.

kulima

Mofanana ndi mitundu ina kwambiri Allium nutans wakonda dothi lonyowa ndale. Iwo akhoza anabzala komanso madera sunlit ndi mu mthunzi tsankho. Zimafalitsidwa Iye vegetatively kapena mbewu. Mbali yoyamba ya kubzala yaitali anyezi Slizunov opangidwa ku kasupe oyambirira kapena mochedwa July. akuya seeding ndi ochepa - pafupifupi 1.5 masentimita pakati pa mizere kusiya 70 masentimita pakati pa zomera -.. 20 cm The precursors zabwino chikhalidwe amaonedwa kabichi, letesi, parsley, katsabola.

Anadyetsa uta komanso mitundu ina yonse osatha: m'chaka ndipo pambuyo kudula masamba. The mbewu kukolola nyengo 3-4.

chives anyezi

Mbali yaikulu ya mtundu ali wochepa thupi kwambiri ndipo osati kale kwambiri, masamba tubular. M'chaka chachiwiri mutabzala anyezi chives akuyamba nthambi ndipo amapereka 50-100 mphukira. Mu chakudya ankadya monga masamba a zomera ndi yowutsa mudyo mababu zake zonyenga. Mu dziko lathu nthawi zambiri wamkulu Siberia Altai kapena chives (chisanu zosagwira osatha anyezi). Zosiyanasiyana Bohemia, Chemal ndi uchi zomera nthawi yomweyo mwa wotchuka kwambiri.

Features wa kulima

Mosiyana ndi mitundu ambiri anyezi nthawi yaitali, chives kwambiri undemanding kuti zikuchokera nthaka. Osati bwino ilo limakula yekha kumene nthaka kwambiri yatsekera namsongole osatha ndi chitetezo bwino anayamba mizu. Mbewu amapereka pang'ono, koma chifukwa ambiri a iwo zimafalitsidwa vegetatively. Pankhaniyi, tchire chabe mbali, kusiya aliyense 8-10 mababu. Zimagwidwa anabzala m'mizere, pakati lotsala mtunda wa 30 cm.

Mbewu yofesedwa kumayambiriro May kapena July. Mofulumira kumera wa akhathamiritsa wawo woyamba ndiyeno pang'onopang'ono zouma.

Kukula anyezi izi osatha pa amadyera pogwiritsa ntchito luso lophweka. Zonse muyenera kupeza kukolola - madzi okwanira nthawi ndi feteleza ndi kupalira ndi kupatulira. Manyowa uta nthawi zambiri kamodzi pa nyengo - mu midsummer. Chinthu chapadera cha mitundu ndi madzi kukoma. Choncho, ayenera kuthiriridwa kawirikawiri. Apo ayi zagrubeyut ndi masamba kutaya kukoma kwawo zosangalatsa. Moisturize nthaka pansi mbewu zina 3-5 pa nyengo kukula.

Thinned anyezi chives, kuyambira chaka choyamba cha kubzala. Popeza tchire, ndi chimene akuyenera kutenga mbewu, masamba sanadulidwe. Mu zinthu zina kubzala ndi laling'ono kwambiri.

Kodi kukula anyezi pa amadyera yozizira yaitali

mitundu yonse ya pamwamba abwino kwa distillation pa nyengo yozizira. Nthenga osatha anyezi ali kwambiri mavitamini. Pa nkhani imeneyi, komanso kukoma iwo kuposa ngakhale anyezi. Iwo anabzala kuwaika awo. Kuti ndi chitsamba kukumba ndi muchigawane mu zidutswa zingapo, kusiya dziko ngati kuli kotheka. The kuwaika anyezi chives ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 30 bulblets, mu perennials ena - 3-5. Masamba, kukachitika kuti iwo sizinathe lopuwala, adzadulidwa. Choncho anakonza sod kusungidwa pa malo ozizira mpaka November kapena December. Panthawi imeneyi, iwo anasamutsa mu chidebe okonzeka. Miphika kwa distillation wa anyezi yaitali ayenera kukhala osachepera 15 cm. Pa pansi awo anatsanulira kuunika chonde wosanjikiza dothi la 10-12 cm. Kenako anapereka nokha sod ndi mopepuka kuwaza iwo pamwamba.

Kamodzi padziko adzaphuka mphika ndi anyezi anasamutsa n'kufika sill zenera. Nthawi zambiri kuthirira mbewu si koyenera. Kukhuta tiweramitse zaka zambiri, kulima zomwe sill - ndondomeko yosavuta, kangapo yozizira ofooka njira ya urea (1 g pa 1 lita imodzi ya madzi). Izi zingawathandize kuti ntchito yambiri yokolola.

Monga mukuonera, chikhalidwe ndi mu chisamaliro cha wodzichepetsa kwambiri - yaitali uta. Kukula mu chirimwe kapena mu dzinja mwina ngakhale wosadziwa kwathunthu nyakulima. Ndipotu, ndiko chofunika kubala zokoma za zomera zothandiza - mu nthawi kuchita ulimi wothirira, umuna ndi tillage.