HIV imafalikira onse panyumba? Modes wa kufala kwa kachilombo ka HIV

Anthu wachibale wawo kwa kachilombo ka HIV akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: amene osaganizira HIV vuto, komabe njira a moyo, ndi anthu amene kwambiri kudzapita otetezedwa ndi zimakhudza otaya mudziwe otsika kuchokera TV ndi zina. Monga gulu, ndi chachiwiri chidzabwera sizolondola kwathunthu, chifukwa matenda lero kale bwino kuliphunzira, ndi akatswiri anganene motsimikiza kumene kutenga matenda, ndi kumene izo siziri. M'pofunika kumvetsa mmene imafalikira ndi si opatsirana HIV kudziteteza ku mavuto ambiri ndipo kuti tisasokoneze mitsempha yawo kamodzinso.

Mu thupi la wodwalayo amene ali ndi HIV, kachilombo, chiwerengero cha zomwe yokwanira kupatsira munthu wina, kodi mu mkaka wa m'mawere, ukazi, umuna ndi magazi. Ndi kupyolera mu njira izi akhoza kulowa m'thupi la munthu wathanzi ndi HIV. Monga Kachiromboka kamafa kudzera thukuta, malovu, mkodzo, ndowe? Palibe. transduction njira, pali atatu okha: kugonana, parenteral ndi choimirira.

katundu HIV

HIV amanena kuti kachilombo gulu wosakhazikika ndipo akhoza kutayika mchikakamizo mwachindunji efa, acetone kapena mowa. HIV lili pamwamba pa khungu labwino anawononga kanthu mabakiteriya ndi michere zozitetezera. Ndiponso safuna kulekerera kutentha ndi kufa, kukhala ndi mphindi 30. pa madigiri 57 C kapena E pa wina mphindi kuwira.

Kuvuta polenga mankhwala ndi katemera ndi HIV ndi kachilombo zikusintha.

Development wa HIV

thupi chachikulu kuyankha nkhondo ya HIV ndi kutuluka chitetezo. Nthawi chimene chimafika pa matenda mpaka pano pamene yogwira oteteza kupanga akuyamba, ukhoza milungu itatu mpaka miyezi itatu. Nthawi zina, chitetezo kuoneka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi pambuyo matenda. nthawi iyi akutchedwa "nthawi seroconversional zenera".

Obisika kapena asymptomatic nthawi ukhoza kwa miyezi ingapo zaka 15. panthawi imeneyi matendawa alibe kuonekera mwa njira iliyonse. Opatsirana ndondomeko akufotokozera pambuyo nthawi asymptomatic. Chizindikiro choyamba kuti matenda pang'ono, - anawonjezera lymph mfundo. Pambuyo osauka AIDS. Zizindikiro zazikulu za nthawi imeneyi kawirikawiri kapena nthawi zonse mutu, m'mimba unmotivated, kusowa chilakolako cha ulesi, malaise, kutopa, imfa ya thupi. Pa siteji mochedwa chotupa kuoneka, ndi matenda osadziwika bwino, amene ali ovuta kwambiri kuchiza.

Matendawa amagwirizana ndi imfa ya chitetezo chokwanira ndi oopsa kwa moyo wa munthu, kotero ndikofunika kudziwa mmene HIV imafalikira. Zizindikiro omwe angagwe pambuyo zaka zingapo, n'zovuta kuthana ndi kubwerera ku moyo wabwinobwino.

Matenda a HIV

Zolondola matenda ndi kudziwa kupezeka kwa HIV mthupi mungathe osati mwa maonekedwe awo. Apa m'pofunika phunziro magazi, zimene zikusonyeza pamaso pa katundu tizilombo ndi chitetezo HIV. Kuti tichite zimenezi, anachititsa mayesero HIV, Elisa (puloteni-zogwirizana immunosorbent zofufuza), ndi polima unyolo anachita, mofulumira mayesero osiyanasiyana. Mothandizidwa ndi mtundu uwu wa kufufuza akhoza kukhazikitsa pamaso pa HIV magazi ndi mlingo wa chitukuko.

Kuti mayeso a bungwe la za umoyo. Muyenera woyamba kulandira uphungu. Mu nkhani ya zabwino, ndi kachilombo ayenera kupatsidwa maganizo ndi maganizo thandizo Choyamba ndi mudziwe mmene kuchita Njira ina ya moyo. Ngati zotsatira zake zimakhala zoipa, kufunika wodziwa kucheza ndi wina za mmene HIV imafalikira kunyumba. Izi kutetezera kuthekera matenda.

Modes wa kufala kwa kachilombo ka HIV

nkhani imeneyi nkhawa aliyense amene amasamala za thanzi lawo. HIV ikuchitika njira yokha atatu, amene anawagawa yokumba ndi masoka. The choyamba - kugonana. Chachiwiri - choimirira. Kwenikweni ake kwagona kuti HIV imafalikira mwachindunji kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana pobadwa (kapena mwana wosabadwayo). Ichi ndi chilengedwe.

Njira yachitatu, yomwe nthawi zambiri zimachitika yokumba ndi - parenteral. Mu matenda yamasika choncho angayambe kudzera magazi, kuziika ziwalo kapena minofu atagwira mtsempha zipangizo unsterilized. The chikhalidwe chachikulu ndi kukhalapo kwa matenda a HIV limodzi ndi kusapezeka kwa munthu wina.

Infection mwa mwazi

Kodi kuwononga thupi limalowera mu 1/10000 Botolo la magazi, omwe ali wosawoneka ndi diso la munthu. Amazipanga kukula yaing'ono limakupatsani ikani 100 HIV particles pa mizere zikwi kutalika 1 cm. Iyi ndi kachilombo ka HIV. Monga Kachiromboka kamafa kudzera magazi, izo zikhoza ankaimira zochokera chakuti ngati mwazi wa munthu wathanzi afika ngakhale gawo pang'ono la magazi matenda, mpata wa matenda ndi pafupifupi 100. Izi angayambe mwa chopereka ku untested zikusefukira magazi.

HIV imafalikira kudzera yaiwisi moyenera zinthu zachipatala kapena zodzoladzola, ngati iwo anali atazolowera ndi munthu amene ali. Nthawi zambiri, nkhani zotere zimachitika pamene kubowola makutu, zizindikiro, kuboola thupi pamene salons apadera. zatsalira magazi lina kukhala wosaoneka ndipo akhalebe pambuyo kutsuka ndi madzi. Zida ayenera kulandira chithandizo ndi nthumwi zapadera kapena mowa.

Pambuyo matenda a HIV yafalikira, Unduna wa Zaumoyo mosamalitsa oyang'anira ntchito ya madokotala. Izi zikugwirizana ndi chopereka, yolera yotseketsa wa zida zamankhwala, ambiri ntchito ndodo. Choncho, limagwirira cha kufala kwa HIV afufuza mosamala, choncho mabungwe zachipatala kusatetezeka ali chabe.

Kusatetezeka ndi wamkulu pakati owerenga mtsempha mankhwala mwa mwazi zakhudzana, kugawana masingano, syringes, Zosefera ndi zinthu zina mankhwala.

Infection pogonana

Kulankhula ponena za mmene HIV imafalikira ndi AIDS, osanenapo njira ambiri - kugonana. HIV ndi mu thupi la munthu amene ali ndi mu wambirimbiri mu secretions ndi ukazi ndi umuna. mwamuna ndi mkazi osadziteteza kugonana aliyense kugonana kungayambitse matenda, ndipo motero amachita kukuchitika mucous kumaliseche. chakuti mu mucosa pa microdamages kugonana anapanga, imene HIV ndi ufulu kulowa ndi kutuluka mu m'thupi ndi ziwalo zina ndi zimakhala. Izo kumawonjezera kuthekera asatenge kachilombo pamene kutumikiridwa zachiwerewere, ndi kusintha kuja ogonana, kondomu pamene sitinali kuwagwiritsa ntchito, komanso kuchita pokhudzana kugonana ndi okondedwa ndi amene amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Matenda ndi kugonana, pali pafupifupi 30 lero. Ambiri a iwo amathandiza kuti chitukuko cha matenda osiyanasiyana yotupa kuti akhoza kuyambitsa matenda HIV. Matenda ambiriri limodzi ndi kutupa ndi kuwonongeka kwa mucosa maliseche, amene kumathandiza kuti ndi malowedwe zosavuta mu HIV chamoyo. Owopsa kwa matenda a AIDS ndi kugonana pa msambo. Virus ndende ali ndi mlingo wapamwamba kwambiri mu umuna kuposa mu ukazi. Choncho Mwina kufala kuchokera kwa akazi kuti amuna ndi poyerekeza kuti mwamuna ndi mkazi.

Kugonana kwa akugonana mosadziteteza ndi woopsa kwambiri. Chifukwa chakuti mucosa thumbo palibe zipangizo kugonana, ngozi za kuvulala maganizo malowa kuposa kuthekera kwa kuwonongeka kwa nyini. Infection kudzera Ndime kumatako kwambiri zimathandizadi chifukwa chakuti iwo kochulukira aziwapatsa magazi. Mwa njira, mungathe kachilomboko kudzera m'kamwa, kumaliseche, ngakhale Mwina si monga mkulu monga zimakhalira m'mbuyomu.

Choncho, kulankhulana kugonana mu thupi kulowa matenda a HIV. Monga HIV imafalikira ndi zimene ali njira zopewera matenda? Mwachidule kukonza moyo kugonana ndi ntchito njira zozitetezera.

Infection kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana

Zaka zingapo zapitazo, njira ya matenda ankakonda kwambiri, ndipo mayi kachilombo sakanatha kwa mwana wathanzi. Kupatula mwakhala, koma kawirikawiri. Chitukuko cha mankhwala amakono lero yapindula abwino kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana. Modes wa kufala kwa HIV kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana wosabadwayo, kapena mwana ali motere: kudzera mu mkaka wa m'mawere nthawi yoyamwitsa, pobereka kapena pa mimba. Pezani mfundo zimene panali matenda, n'kovuta kwambiri, kotero odwala ayenera kukhala pakati posachedwapa kulembetsa ndi kuwunika thanzi la mwana wawo wosabadwa.

Kutheka kwa kuipitsidwa panyumba

Ngakhale kachilombo ka HIV chilengedwe zoweta si mkulu, koma izo ziri. Ambiri ndi kufala kwa matenda kudzera sharps lapansi. Funso la mmene HIV imafalikira mu kunyumba, nkhawa zambiri, makamaka amene amakhala pansi pa denga limodzi ndi munthu amene akudwalayo.

HIV angathe opatsirana kudzera zinthu zina ukhondo (mwachitsanzo, kudzera malezala). M'pofunikanso kukumbukira kuti inu simungakhoze nthendayi pogwiritsa ntchito wamba chimbudzi, monga HIV si wadutsa mu mkodzo ndi ndowe, pamene akusambira mu dziwe, kudzera mbale wamba ndiponso zinthu zina zapakhomo.

Infection zambiri amapezeka mu moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku kudzera yokumba, kudzera pakhungu wosweka. Mwachitsanzo, magazi kapena ntchofu mu thupi la wodwalayo anali munthu wathanzi, n'zotheka kulankhula za matenda.

HIV si opatsirana

Kachilomboka sikuti kudzera mpweya (mpweya Ofalitsidwa), umtembenuzire chakudya, madzi. Kukhala mu chipinda ndi munthu amene ali komanso alibe zingaononge thanzi. Ntchito katundu wa m'nyumba (mbale, matawulo, kusamba, kusambira dziwe, zovala) ndipo si pangozi. Kachilomboka sikuti opatsirana kudzera chanza kupsompsona, pa kusuta ndudu imodzi, pamene ntchito atadzipaka mmilomo kapena foni yakumanja. Komanso, HIV si kudzera kulumidwa ndi tizilombo kapena kudzera nyama.

HIV ndi AIDS

HIV ndi kuwononga chitetezo cha m'thupi, potero kuchepetsa kukaniza matenda osiyanasiyana. Ngati nthawi yoyamba ya matenda akhoza kukhala mosadziwa osati kuonekera kunja, ndiye mu masiteji wotsatira wa chitetezo cha m'thupi lafooka kumlingo kuti thupi limakhala wochepa mphamvu kwa matenda alionse opatsirana. matenda awa a iwo amene kawirikawiri amadwala anthu sanali kachilombo: chifukwa cha majeremusi chibayo, sarcoma Kaposi ndi, matenda chotupa.

State pamene munthu ali ndi kachilombo HIV kuonekere matenda opatsirana, chifukwa cha chimene chili dongosolo vuto m'thupi otchedwa AIDS.

HIV

Kaya njira HIV imafalikira, n'kofunika kuti oopsa kwa anthu. Pofuna kuti tigwire amenewa vuto lalikulu, m'pofunika kuchititsa yolondola ya moyo ndi kutsatira malangizo a madotolo.

Mwa njira zonse za AIDS zothandiza kwambiri - ndi kupewa HIV. Pamafunikanso: kukhalapo kwa bwenzi limodzi kugonana, kupewa kugonana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mahule komanso anthu pang'ono odziwika, kukana gulu la ojambula, kagwiritsidwe ntchito kazipangizo chitetezo. zinthu izi ndi zofunika kwambiri, monga HIV imafalikira zambiri kudzera mu kugonana ndi kudzera mu kugonana kosadziteteza.

Chitetezo anu ndi ofunika kumbukirani kuti muyenera ntchito ukhondo za eni (zida zamankhwala, toothbrushes, malezala kapena lezala). Aliyense ali ndi ufulu kunena mfundo yakuti mu ofesi wokongoletsa, gynecologist, mano ndi akatswiri ena a disposable awo anali ndi zida zatsopano.

zaumoyo akhale nthawi kugwira zodzitetezera poyerekezera ndi AIDS. Zikuphatikizapo: Kukwezeleza zakugonana modziteteza, bwinobwino za amayi apakati, chiyesedwe cha kupereka magazi ndi anthu pangozi, kulamulira kubadwa kwa ana, kukana zabwino akazi yoyamwitsa ana awo.

Kapewedwe makoma a mabungwe zachipatala zikuphatikizapo: ntchito zida disposable yekha zochizira odwala HIV, kusamba m'manja mosamala atamaliza kugwira odwala matenda. M'pofunikanso kuchita disinfection ndi kuipitsidwa bedi, chilengedwe kapena akutsutsa secretions Zipangizo zoyendera magetsi ndi zinsinsi za mtima. Onetsetsani M'pofunikanso kukumbukira kuti ndi bwino kupewa vuto kuposa kulikonza ilo, monga mu nkhani iyi - kuposa kukhala naye.

chithandizo HIV

Pankhaniyi, monga ena ambiri, ndi nthawi zimakhalira lero. The kale vutolo wapezeka, m'pamenenso wodwala kuyamba moyo wabwinobwino. chithandizo HIV imatsogoleredwa mokulirapo kuonetsetsa kuti pochedwetsa chitukuko ndi kupitirira wa HIV kotero kuti sasiya mu matenda lalikulu - AIDS. Munthu kachilombo yomweyo kusankha mankhwala zovuta monga: mankhwala kupewa chitukuko cha matenda osadziwika bwino, komanso mankhwala bwanji kachilombo mwachindunji, kuteteza chitukuko ndi kubalana.

N'zovuta moyo ndi matenda monga matenda HIV. Kodi bwanji kukhala, mmene kudziteteza - mayankho a mafunso amenewa aliyense ayenera kudziwa, chifukwa ndi chodziwikiratu kuti wodwala munthu wabwinobwino, makamaka pamene iye anamva za vuto pambuyo zaka zochepa pambuyo matenda. Choncho n'kofunika kuti aziona khalidwe lawo ndi thanzi lawo, chifukwa ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri chimene tili nacho, ndipo, mwatsoka kapena mwamwayi, sakhoza adagula ndalama.