Mediastinal lymphoma - ndichiyani? Zizindikiro, Matendawa

Mwatsoka, chifukwa odwala kuwononga zinthu zachilengedwe khansa wayamba tsiku lililonse zambiri. Zosiyanasiyana khansa zambiri. Iwo amatha kukhala mu ziwalo zosiyanasiyana, kusokoneza kugwira ntchito zawo. Mu mankhwala, pali chinthu monga mediastinum lapansi. Chili ziwalo zonse zili pachifuwa. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, zachilendo oncological matenda ndi lymphoma wa mediastinum lapansi. Kodi mapangidwe latsopano limeneli? ndi zoyambitsa zake, zizindikiro ndi madokotala ananena zawo zomwe?

Mofanana ndi khansa aliyense, lymphoma lagawidwa mitundu ina, ali magawo angapo a chitukuko. Malinga ndi kukula kwa madokotala anapeza njira yapadera mankhwala. zolosera General, mwatsoka, si zolimbikitsa - izo zidalira pa matenda yake ya lymphoma. The kale ndi matenda, ndi bwino mwayi kuchira. Chikhululukiro odwala zingatenge zaka 2 kapena zambiri. Komabe, tiyenera kuzindikira kuti pa nthawi iyi matenda si akuchokadi, choncho tikulimbikitsidwa kuchita zonse ndendende zotchulidwa dokotala, kuti tichepetse kutenga kubwerezabwereza zisadzachitikenso.

Mediastinal lymphoma: ndichiyani?

Kumene, anthu ambiri zovuta kumvetsa terminology mankhwala, choncho kufotokoza zonse yosavuta.

Lymphoma - ndi kansa yotupa, amene ali fomu zilonda. Akufotokozera mu dongosolo lymphatic, chifukwa chotupa ichi akhoza isanafalikire kulikonse. Pankhaniyi, mediastinal chotupa kukwapula Matupi malire mbali imodzi amachita thorax, pa zina - msana.

Matendawa ali ndi makhalidwe magawano selo kusalankhula. Pambuyo kusintha, iwo osafa, zikubweretsa kudzikundikira awo ndi mapangidwe zotupa. Popeza dongosolo lymphatic wapangidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa zopangitsa ndi ziwiya zimene kugwirizana ndi ziwalo zonse, chotupacho mofulumira osauka, kufalitsa Kupanda kusamala thupi lonse, motero kulenga mfundo zatsopano focal.

Mwambo kulephera kukhazikitsidwa mankhwala wodwala akuyembekezera imfa. Zizindikiro zina wodwala Kwalamulidwa angapo mayesero ndi mayeso ikuchitika, imene zambiri ntchito kompyuta tomography.

Dziwani kuti ngakhale pambuyo chitsimikiziro cha matenda Mulimonsemo sangathe kusiya ndi kusiya kumenya kwa moyo.

Gawo

Mayina khansa amakhala ambiri m'chilengedwe. Aliyense wa iwo lagawidwa mitundu yambiri ndi magulu. Choyamba, kusiyanitsa zotupa za pulaimale ndi sekondale. Yoyamba ya zotupa kukhala ku minofu thupi wachiwiri nkhawa metastases.

Yesetsani kumvetsa matenda a "lymphoma mediastinal." Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani? Mtundu wa khansa amatchedwanso lymphadenopathy. Kupatukana limapezeka pa gulu la mtundu minofu imene inakhalapo. Kungakhale thymus, mtima, pleura, ndi zina zotero.

symptomatology matendawa

Zizindikiro za lymphoma wa mediastinum ofanana kwambiri ndi kawambidwe kena zotupa zilonda. Izi kufooka, kutopa, nseru, kusanza, kupuma movutikira. Komabe, pali zizindikiro zina zimene enieni matenda. Choyamba ndi maonekedwe a kutupa mu malo amenewo pamene lymph mfundo ndi: pansi cheekbones (mu khosi), mu groin, mu m'khwapa kapena pa pamimba. kutupa choterocho si limodzi ndi zomverera chopweteka.

Zizindikiro za lymphoma wa mediastinum ndi amaonetsa lakuthwa kuwonda. Popeza dongosolo lymphatic amateteza thupi ku matenda osiyanasiyana, chisokonezo mu ntchito yake angachotsedwe kuwonjezeka pang'ono kutentha madigiri 37-37,5. odwala ambiri usiku pali profuse thukuta.

zinthu zofunika

Pamene kumenyana lymphoma kwa zabwino kumatengera zifukwa zotsatirazi:

• Age gulu la odwala. Akulu munthu, mavuto zambiri amapezeka mu njira ya mankhwala.
• Khwelero mediastinal lymphoma, imene matenda wakhala wapezeka.
• Miyeso ya chotupa ndi malo ake.
• Kukhazikitsidwa kwa chitetezo cha m'thupi.
• Chiwerengero cha zotupa metastatic.

Poona mphamvu ya matenda pasanathe zaka 10, asayansi kuona kuti anaona mu magawo oyambirira lalikulu selo lymphoma mwayi wopulumuka amapereka 90% odwala, koma chitukuko cha metastasis, chithunzi ichi unali utachepa 20%.

Pa chiopsezo osati anthu a zaka pakati, komanso anthu amene anali mitundu ina ya khansa, makamaka kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amphamvu. Ndi anthu amakonda atapezeka ndi anthu mogwirizana ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana woopsawo, monga mankhwala.

Kupeza Vuto

A zabwino mankhwala Zingadalire osati pa kudziwika yake chotupa, komanso pa tanthauzo la kulemba za mtundu wake. Only ndiye tingakambirane alowererepo zachipatala.

Kukayikitsa lymphoma angayambe pa dokotala kukayezedwa. Pankhaniyi, katswiri adzakhala adzaika Kupenda zina. Panopa yabwino kwambiri ndi CT. Zikomo kwa iye, mukhoza bwinobwino chotupa kuona kutupa. Izo analimbikitsanso ndi biopsy. njirayi adzalola 100% molondola kudziwa mtundu wa lymphoma.

Madokotala kukaikira anali anatsimikizira, m'pofunika kupereka puncture wa chingwe msana. kusanthula ikusonyeza kuti ambiri matenda. Analimbikitsanso radiography m'mapapo scintigraphy ndi ultrasound m'mimba.

A chofunika matenda ndi kufalitsidwa lendi kusanthula magazi. Ndi chiwerengero cha okhutitsidwa ndi LDH madokotala kudziwa mlingo wa kupata chitukuko cha chotupa cha.

siteji lymphoma

khansa, anawagawa magawo zomwe zimaonetsa mmene chotupa ndi mbali yake. Gawo ili imatengedwa muyezo terminology sikumatha. Woyamba awiri - wamba, ndi zina zofanana. Ngati matendawa alibe zizindikiro izo anawonjezera kuti chiwerengero cha kalata, malungo, kuwonda, thukuta - kalata B.

Magawo a lymphoma:

• Mbali yoyamba (I) - kugonjetsedwa yekha m'dera lina kwa mwanabele.
• Gawo lachiwiri mediastinal lymphoma (II) - kufalikira ku madera ena, koma ndi zochepa kuti mbali imodzi ya chifundamtima.
• Chachitatu (III) - kutanthauzira ukuwonjezeka, mbali zonse za chifundamtima zosungidwazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Chinthu chachinayi (IV) - kufala kwa metastases thupi lonse. "X" anawonjezera kuti manambala pa kulemera kwa mwanabele.

njira mankhwala amakono

Mwamwayi, kafukufuku khansa si chilili. Asayansi padziko lonse kaphatikizidwe ukatswiri wawo kupeza njira yabwino kwambiri kuthetsa zotupa deta. Mediastinal lymphoma (chithandizo kufotokoza pansipa) - kwambiri matenda omwe akhoza kukuphani.

Choncho, pambuyo chitsimikiziro cha matenda Mulimonsemo sitingakane ndi dokotala. Kotero, ife kufufuza njira kulimbana lymphoma.

Morning

The njira Ambiri ntchito mankhwala khansa - mankhwala amphamvu. Ikani mankhwala monga "Vinblastine", "Doxorubicin", "Dacarbazine" ndi ena. Izi mankhwala - ndi mtundu wa poizoni, amene amapha maselo a khansa. Komabe, zimenezi kwambiri mavuto, chiyambire chiwonongeko cha chotupa si kwanuko, ndi massively, choncho pali chiopsezo kusokonezeka ziwalo wathanzi. The zotsatira za zimenezi kwakukulukulu amadalira chitetezo cha m'thupi ndipo sichisinthasinthanso ake. Ngati thupi ndi wamphamvu, ndiye mwayi kuchira kuonjezera kwambiri.

Ubwino wa mankhwala amphamvu ndi mmene zotupa zonse, ngakhale anthu amene anawapeza. Ngati mediastinal chotupa amawapeza mogwirizana IV, ndi njira zina zochizira kulibeko.

CRT

Elekitironi cheza mankhwala ntchito pa matenda a lymphoma akhala oyamba. Tsopano nthawi zambiri pamodzi ndi mankhwala amphamvu. Mtundu wa chithandizo analamula zimasonyeza siteji matenda ndi cholinga malo. Monga kulamulira, ngakhale mwapang'onopang'ono chotupa walitsa wapemphedwa kuti palibe nthawi zoposa 4 sabata, kuti mlingo ndi zosakwana 6 Gy. Ubwino wa mankhwala ndi malowedwe a kunyezimira mu khungu kuti akuya 20 mm.

Dziwani kuti njira zina iyende ngati n'zosatheka. Komabe, CRT ali mavuto:

• manja a khungu;
• okwana kapena tsankho imfa ya tsitsi;
• khungu youma;
• kutupa amphamvu (dermatitis).

Kamodzi pakapita walitsa pa mankhwala zamagetsi-cheza sayenera upambana 40 Gy.

mankhwala kwachilengedwenso

Njira imeneyi ndi wofatsa kwambiri. Kuti papezeke mankhwala anatengedwa zina wodwala maselo. chithandizo akhoza kuchuluka kwa kukana pazipita lake ndi Choncho yambitsa yankho zozitetezera. Njira panopa zothandiza kwambiri polimbana ndi zotupa zilonda, monga lymphoma. A magazi kapena ultrasound amalola mtima molondola zofooka mu thupi la wodwalayo.

Ubwino waukulu wa mankhwala kwachilengedwenso ndi chotupa amasiya anapanga Mitsempha, amene gwero lake lalikulu mphamvu.

mafupa kupatsidwa zina

Njira imeneyi mankhwala okwanira, koma ndondomeko za kukonzekera lokha konzanso wotsatira wa intervals ndi lalikulu kwambiri. Tikumbukenso kuti mafupa kupatsidwa zina si nawo zipatala zonse, choncho njirayi ndi odula kwambiri. Komanso, nthawi yokonza ntchito yogwira mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri opha maselo onse khansa.

chithandizo opaleshoni

Operable mediastinal lymphoma - ndichiyani? Opaleshoni njira ntchito kwambiri kawirikawiri. Iye si waukulu ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala ena. Opaleshoni n'chotheka pa siteji oyambirira, kuyambira pambuyo kufala kwa metastases, njira imeneyi amakhala inefficient. Monga ulamuliro, izo ntchito pamene mukufuna kutenga maselo chotupa phunziro awo (biopsy).

T-selo lymphoma

Pakuti kalasi lymphomas T-selo anawagawa otsika, sing'anga ndi mkulu.

The zifukwa:

• kanthu T-selo khansa (HTLV-1);
• kusokonezeka kwa chitetezo cha m'thupi;
• chibadwa;
• maselo pathological pa mlingo DNA.

Magawo chitukuko cha T-lymphoma:

• IA - pali zilema zazing'ono pa khungu.
• IIB - chiwerengero cha m'madera okhudzidwa ndi kukhala zazikulu, koma popanda kuwonjezeka mwanabele.
• IIA - anapanga kutupa.
• III - kuwonetseredwa yotupa ndondomeko pa khungu.
• IV - khansa kufalikira kwa ziwalo mkati.

Amaneneratu mediastinal lymphoma

Pangani mfundo yotsimikizika mu matenda monga lymphoma wa mediastinum (chithandizo madokotala ananena zawo ndi moyo), kuli kovuta, kuyambira zambiri zimadalira zinthu zambiri. Mwachitsanzo:

• munthu chamoyo;
• wamsinkhu;
• siteji ya matenda;
• mlingo wa choipa;
• ndi chitetezo.

Mfundo yofunika kwambiri kuti mitundu sanali waukali wa matenda ziyambenso pafupifupi 90% ya odwala, Koma pamene lymphoma ali gawo IV, mwayi kuyambitsa matenda ku chikhululukiro, pafupifupi aliyense.