Kodi miyala Mountains? Miyalayo Mountains: kufotokoza ndi zithunzi

Pa funso kumene Erzgebirge, pali mayankho angapo. Wotchuka mapiri a dzina lomweli pa malire a Bohemia (ku Czech Republic) ndi Saxony (Germany). dera Ichi chikudziwika kuyambira kale monga malo kupanga mkuwa, siliva, tini ndi chitsulo. Iye ni mmodzi wa malo chiyambi cha zitsulo mu Europe. Ake miyala Mountains ali Slovakia, kupereka mbali ya Western Carpathians. Dzinali anapezeka ku maina a mayiko ena.

nthaka

Erzgebirge zokhudzana kungomanga Hercynian ndipo zikuimira "mpukutu" wa supercontinent Rodinia, utaphulika zaka miliyoni 750 zapitazo. m'dera lawo - 18,000 ^km2. Kenako, mu nthawi Ukachenjede, pa mapangidwe a Alps panali yopuma, ndi gawo kum'mwera kum'mawa kwa mapiri anaimirira pamwamba malo ozungulira.

Mu mbiri ya moyo wake m'dera kangapo pansi kwambiri tectonic chikoka, kumene munthu amasonyeza mwa dongosolo magawo a miyala: lubwe, gneiss, sandstone, chitsulo, mkuwa, tini ores ndi ena. Kudzera njira ya kukokoloka mu mphamvu mamiliyoni mazanamazana zaka, nsonga analoza kwenikweni inasanduka mapiri aulemu.

South-East bloc, yopita ku Czech Republic, waima pa scarp phompho Chibohemiya beseni ndi msinkhu kusiyana a 700 m. North-Western bloc analandira Germany, akutsika pang'onopang'ono, kupanga misewu yaikulu ya madzi.

Kodi miyala Mountains

khamu ili mu Europe Central, monga malire pakati pa Czech Republic ndi Germany. Ndi yothandizira lokwera kutalika makilomita oposa 150, pamodzi mzere zochokera kumpoto - chakumadzulo. Nsonga apamwamba:

• Klinovec (1244 m).
• Fichtelberg (1214 m).
• SPITSBERGEN (1120 m).
• Auersberg (1022 m).

Wokongola m'midzi chotchuka kwambiri mwa alendo, pali ambiri balneology lalikulu, ski, nyengo pogwiritsa thanzi. Ndi mosavuta ku Dresden, Prague, Karlovy zosiyanasiyana.

Miyala kumapiri Czech Republic

M'malire boma ukugawa lomenyera pawiri wosiyana. Mbali Czech wa lamoto miyala otchedwa ndi mtsinje zochepa Ohře. Ndi ang'onoang'ono kuposa German (za 6000 Km ^2), koma zambiri steeper.

Wamphamvu zochotsa chinachitika mu mapangidwe a kum'mwera otsetsereka kuchuluka kwa zigwa yopingasa kwambiri. Kale, panali nyanja zingapo zazikulu, amene ndiye zouma. Mitsinje ndi lalifupi, lamsanga, ena anamanga pulatinamu. Krušné Hory machiritso wotchuka akasupe: Teplice, Karlovy Siyanitsani, Bil'in, Jáchymov ndi ena.

Nyengo mu dera ndi sizimadziwika ndi kusintha mofulumira nyengo. Yodziwika ndi mphepo yamphamvu ya m'madera kumpoto ndi kumadzulo, mphepo si kawirikawiri. Mkulu chinyezi (1000-1200 mamilimita mvula) kumathandiza kuti mapangidwe chifunga (masiku 90-125 pa chaka).

Nyengo yozizira chipale chofewa. Frosts ndi zotheka ngakhale June, ndi kuchokera September. The m'chilimwe ndi ozizira ndi mvula, kutentha tsopano anaika kuyandikira August zimatha masabata 2-3. Wapakati kutentha kwa 900-1200 mamita okwera 4-2,5 ° C. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chipale chofewa m'nyengo yozizira pali pogwiritsa ski.

Miyalayo Mountains ku Czech Republic wolemera mchere ndi organic mchere. Mumadziwika miyala ya tungsten, chitsulo, cobalt, faifi tambala, malata, mkuwa, kutsogolera siliva ndi mpweya. Mu XX atumwi, anapeza madipoziti ureniamu.

migodi ya malasha

North Chibohemiya lignite dziwe ili m'chigawo chapakati pa mapiri miyala. Idamangidwa pa malo a Rift Valley zinalili pa Miocene lapansi. Malinga Akatswiriwa, kwa zaka mamiliyoni 20 ali anapeza kuti theka kilometre nyanja wosanjikiza kupanga organic kanthu, mchenga, dongo.

M'kupita kwa nthawi, miyala Mountains "wothinikizidwa" Rift Valley, kupanga khala msoko makulidwe mamita 25-45. Tima khala migodi anayamba m'zaka za m'ma XIX. ntchito kusalankhula chuma zinachititsa kuti kusintha malo ndi kuwononga chilengedwe. timapepala lalikulu la nkhalango analaswa pansi, nthaka muli poizoni. Reclamation ntchito ya zaka zambiri watha kuloledwa pang'ono kubwezeretsa zamoyo m'malo maenje wokondwa anapanga nyanja, amene anthu amawakonda. Pa nthawi, pali mabomba angapo, koma voliyumu ya ulimi yochepa.

Erzgebirge

Miyalayo mapiri Germany (wochedwanso Erzgebirge) ndi modekha, ngakhale pali nsonga pa mamita 1000. Iwo kwabasi kwambiri, inamera nkhalango. M'dera la Pirna (pafupi Dresden) chifukwa weathering softwood anapanga chodabwitsa formations Geological mu mawonekedwe a makoma lubwe. dera akutchedwa "Achisaxon Switzerland". About Scheibenberg ataliatali mpanda wa mizati basalt.

Nyengo m'dera limeneli ndi zolimbitsa. Ambiri mphepo kumadzulo kubweretsa misa mpweya lonyowa ku Atlantic Ocean, m'nyengo yozizira analimbikitsa ndi Gulf Stream. Pa okwera owonjezera 900 mamita pafupifupi kutentha kwa 3-5 ° C. Chamvula pafupifupi 1100 mm. Zitunda za miyala Mountains ndinu mmodzi wa chisanu kwambiri Germany. Malinga ndi kafukufuku zinachitika, nyengo ndi kwakuti ngakhale nyama chisanu m'nkhokwe, ndipo mu April panali snowfalls kwathunthu yosesa m'nyumba. Tsopano nyengo wofatsa ndi thaws pafupipafupi.

Miyalayo mapiri Saxony ndi zinthu zambiri zachilengedwe, koma mphamvu zawo mafakitale ndi pafupifupi watopa. Malinga zafukulidwa ndi yotengedwa zamkuwa mbandakucha wa Mkuwa Age. Tsopano wapadera mbiri yakale ndiponso zachikhalidwe malo kuteteza monga mbali ya UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Erzgebirge ali mkulu anthu kachulukidwe. Padziko kukafika kutsogolo ndi chikhalidwe ndi mbiri yakale malo lalikulu: Dresden, Chemnitz, Plauen, Zwickau, AUZ, Gera. Makampani m'chigawo - mmodzi wa ambiri anayamba mu Germany. Zoposa 60% ya ogwira ntchito zitsulo, minda magetsi ndi zomangamanga.

Zotsatira za chinthu anthropogenic ndithudi mkulu. Development migodi chofunika kwambiri kuchuluka kwa nkhuni. M'madera ena nkhalango akhala kwathunthu kudula. Tsopano nali kubwezeretsa zinthu zachilengedwe. Mu Erzgebirge pali malo ambiri mitundu, koma madera komanso kunja kutetezedwa amapembedza lalikulu la greenery.

Rudohorie

Slovak miyala Mountains - ndi sing'anga-okwera mapiri, ili mu chapakati-kum'mawa mbali ya dziko. Iwo ali mmodzi wa mapiri a Western Carpathians. Iwo kuwonjezera pa "kum'mawa - kumadzulo 'mzere 140 (malinga ndi zina, - 160) makilomita, pafupifupi m'lifupi - 40 Km, zosiyanasiyana m'dera pafupifupi 4000 Km ^2.

malire limayenda pamodzi kumpoto Rudohorie Hron Mtsinje, kum'mwera - mtsinje wa Ipoly. Malo akufanana Czech-German Erzgebirge. Zodyera makamaka mosabisa, nthawi zina outcrops spiky, otsetsereka bwino m'chigwa. Phiri lalitali ndi Capital (1476 m) ndi phiri Glade (1468 m).

chikhalidwe

mapiri apangidwe monga amphamvu crystalline ndi laimu miyala, osatetezeka karst. Mu zaka XIV-XIX, dera ameja zitsulo pakati. Amalima antimony, yamkuwa, yachitsulo ndi golide. Pakali pano, ambiri a miyala ya zitsulo opangidwa ores Komabe, kupitiriza kubala mchere sanali zachitsulo: magnetite, talc ndi ena.

Nature Ndi mmene kwa m'mapiri a ku Ulaya Central. Pa kumpoto, otsetsereka yozizira, kukula nkhalango coniferous. hardwoods kulamulira kum'mwera mumamera phulusa, hornbeam, thundu ndipo ena. Pa dera la Slovak miyala Mountains, pali m'mapaki atatu mitundu:

• "Slovak Paradaiso".
• "Slovak Karst."
• "Murano yachonde."

Caucasus

Caucasus Mapiri nthawi zina amatchedwa miyala. Ichi ndi chifukwa nkhokwe yaikulu ya mchere. The peculiarity wa dera ndi malo akuya mchere wambiri m'madera a ndende ya miyala magmatic.

Caucasus Mountains ali olemera mu chuma miyala, chifukwa panali (ndipo adakali) amphamvu tectonic njira kuyambira Paleozoic. Manganese ndi ncho mu Georgia (Chiatura gawo). Large miyala ya chitsulo opezeka Kabardino-Balkaria (anga Malka), Azerbaijan (Dashkesan), Armenia (Abovyan, Hrazdan). Komanso wachotsa tungsten, mkuwa, Mercury, nthaka, cobalt, molybdenum, kutsogolera ndi zitsulo zina.