Kodi banja? Ntchito ya banja. ankandiphunzitsa

Kuti zili moyo banja mwachindunji zimatengera nkhani yake bwino. Pakali pano, banja kumidzi akuti ndi yaikulu chuma chilli, imathandiza chidwi cha boma, kupereka minda yaing'ono mwayi ndi ubwino ndalama. Ndi banja mu chuma masiku ano msika amaona chizindikiro cha mfundo chikhalidwe, choncho kuliganizira pafupi ku mabungwe a boma.

Kodi banja?

Yesani kupeza chomwe banja, kodi mbali kanukanu. Izi chodabwitsa Mipikisano faceted, zokhudza muzochitika zones za moyo masiku ano anthu ambiri. Chidwi bwanji banja:

• maloya;
• aphunzitsi a sukulu;
• oimira ntchito zowerengera;
• akatswiri;
• chuma;
• andale odziwika.

Phunziro oyeretsa - boma vuto, makamaka zogwirizana mu zenizeni panopa zachuma. Chidwi m'banja chifukwa cha zinthu zovuta zaziwerengero mu dziko, mavuto ambiri a kumidzi. Mu dziko lathu kwambiri m'dziko wopanda omwe akuyesetsa kukhala alimi angathe.

mitundu banja

Kutchula koyamba mwa zipinda opezeka mipope za anthu akale a ku Atene nzeru zapamwamba Xenophon (430-355 gg. BC). Wafilosofi limafotokoza ntchito yaikulu ya banja, anandiuza kulima mbewu, anali kuyankhula za ulimi.

Musati mukhale kutali ndi vutoli, ndipo Aristotle, kuti iwo linakhazikitsa mawu akuti 'chuma' ngati analogue banja, izo theoretically wolungama ndi zogona. Cholinga cha munthu zachuma Aristotle kuika phindu, chuma chulutsa.

mabanja History

Mu 1861 mbiri Swiss J. Bachofen lofalitsidwa buku lakuti "Amayi Kumanja", omwe anakhala chiyambi cha mabanja kuphunzira. Limafotokoza malamulo zoyambirira za oyeretsa Swiss, anapanga mfundo za kufunika zachuma kunyumba.

Banja anadutsa njira yaitali kusanduka kugwirizana ndi kukula kwa ulamuliro dziko.

Nanga m'banja? Ndi ntchito ya banja, gulu la anthu a munthu weniweni amene amakhala ku dera, kupereka nokha ndi zinthu zonse zofunikira pa moyo wabwinobwino. gawo ili amasankhidwa makamu, amene ali mtsogoleri. Ndi kusiya zochimwazo kumathetsa nkhani zokhudzana ndi mavuto azachuma ndi udindo. Ndi mwini wasankha ndege chuma, ndi udindo umoyo wa anthu onse m'nyumba. Kwenikweni ophatikizana pochita zinthu olowa abale, abwenzi ndi anzawo. Panopa, pali mabanja osiyana mu chuma, alephera kusonyeza changu ndi kufunika.

Mitundu ya mabanja

Pali ena mungachite:

• Banja;
• transnational banja.

Ngati njira yoyamba ndi yokhudza mchitidwe wa anthu onse m'banjamo, ngati chachiwiri, anthu a chuma akhoza kukhala m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, kukhala ndi ubale weniweni wokhala ndi mzake.

ntchito zapakhomo

Kapangidwe zimathandiza kusunga gulu la zinthu, mabanja awo, zokonda zawo. Pofuna kumvetsa zimene banja, muyenera kutchula ntchito yake yaikulu:

• Kubwezeretsa chuma ntchito (kubadwa ndi maphunziro a ana);
• chilengedwe cha likulu anthu;
• chikhalidwe (kuthandiza anthu olumala banja);
• kukhazikitsidwa kwa ubale lotha;
• zosoŵa munthu aliyense m'banjamo;
• adzatipulumutsa ndiponso kudzikundikira chuma (zakuthupi ndi uzimu);
• chitukuko cha luso entrepreneurial.

Kuwonjezera pa katundu ndi banja ndi dziko, ndalama, ogwira ntchito. Ena ndalama banja kuchepetsa ndi tsintho. Ambiri mwa kusamalira banja mukuganiza chifukwa cha wotuluka zachuma ndi minda ina.

mabanja aliyense mbali yofunika kwambiri mu chuma, zimathandiza kumtunda ntchito, ntchito ya anthu. gawo imeneyi imaphatikizapo mapangidwe, mapangidwe umunthu, kupanga zinthu zakuthupi ndi zauzimu za mabanja ena. malamulo Basic banja ndi inextricably zogwirizana ntchito chikhalidwe cha, Zamakhalidwe. Imakhala mlatho pakati pa msika ntchito, mankhwala ogula msika chuma.

mbali khalidwe la banja

Pofuna kumvetsa zimene banja, tiona kuti chuma apanga makhalidwe ena chifukwa:

• azipeza phindu lalikulu kwa anthu onse a m'deralo;
• ntchito olowa;
• Sayenera moyo.

mitundu banja

Akatswiri zimene mungachite asanu a m'banja, kutenga nkhani ubale pakati m'banja.

1. Yoyamba ndi banja limene pali mwini yekhayo.
2. Mtundu wachiwiri wa banja likamanena achibale amene alibe udindo m'banja.
3. Mtundu wachitatu wa chuma bungwe banja ndi ana.
4. Mu mtundu wachinayi, kuwonjezera pa banja, pangakhale achibale ena.
5. Njira chachisanu adzakhala zikuluzikulu Mipikisano banja munda, chomwe ndi mabanja angapo.

Mungachite kuti gulu la mabanja

mabanja onse ali m'magulu malinga ndi muyezo zotsatirazi:

• makhalidwe Chiwerengero, kutanthauza minda sanali banja ndi banja, chiwerengero cha mamembala, zaka ndi jenda;
• mwachirengedwe umboni dera za chikhalidwe cha nyumba, kupezeka zoyendera dziko gawo kukula;
• zokolola zochokera munthu mmodzi, kutenga nkhani mitundu yonse ya ndalama analandira;
• makhalidwe zachuma kugwirizana ndi maganizo ntchito, ogwira ntchito zochokera;
• Labor chizindikiro amatanthauza chiwerengero cha ogwira ntchito ndi maphunziro awo;
• mbali chikhalidwe zokhudzana ndi ndalama banja.

Phindu mu mabanja msika chuma

Timatha inu kupereka mlingo kofunika kufunika ogula izi n'zofunika kwambiri kuti kugwira ntchito njira chuma msika. mowa banja amagwirizana ndi ndalama ndalama kuthandiza dongosolo banki ntchito. minda amenewa kungakhale zinthu zokolola, kupereka mpata kwa anthu wamba kukhala ndi luso lawo entrepreneurial.

Banja lililonse ndi kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi mitundu ina mabungwe a zachuma:

• msika ntchito ndi katundu ogula;
• msika Chinthu;
• msika chuma.

Zitsanzo mabanja kuphunzitsa ophunzira

Kudzera manja pa phunziro "Pakhomo" (kalasi 6), mphunzitsi anati kufunika wa membala aliyense m'banja, ndi Kugawilidwa kwanthaka pakati pa ufulu ndi udindo. Mwachitsanzo losavuta, kunyumba ofotokoza malonda, zimene zimatha kuuza ophunzira, kupereka kulima masamba (mbatata). Mtundu wa bizinesi ndi oyenera mabanja kukhala m'madera akumidzi. Kodi kuuza ana?

aphunzitsi akufotokoza kuti ana cholinga cha malonda, zinthu zake. ana kuphunzira za mitundu ya nthaka, amene ali abwino kwa kulima mbatata. Ntchito m'magulu, ophunzira kupereka mapulani malonda, kuphunzira kuwerenga ndi kulemba ndalama pachiyambi. mphunzitsi imakamba lingathe mavuto ndalama kulima mbewu izi, ndi njira mbatata yosungirako. GEF kumaphatikizapo ntchito kapena kufufuza ntchito wophunzira aliyense, mungachite ntchito pa maziko a m'banja lawo.

Home zachuma atsikana

Ngakhale kukonza ambiri ikuchitika mu dongosolo maphunziro ano, akupeza maluso a banja lake ntchito utumiki kalasi atsikana. amayi tsogolo infomeshoni koyamba akukonzekera bajeti, kuphunzira kuwerenga bajeti mwezi. Komanso, maphunziro ntchito atsikana kuphunzira ndizosowa kuphika, kukhala maphikidwe chenicheni, kuphunzira embroider, kusoka, pagulu.

GEF kumafuna kamangidwe, kukhazikitsa, ndi kupereka aakazi a ntchito yake. Nthawi zambiri izi zachokera ndi banja. Mwachitsanzo, ntchito pa luso m'kalasi 5 akhoza kugwirizana ndi chilengedwe cha zopukutira m'manja zimapezeka wokongola zingwe. The chotsirizidwa ndi mtsikana angapereke amayi, agogo kapena kuzindikira pa chilungamo sukulu, kulandira ntchito mfundozo mphotho. Pa zochitika zimenezi, ana kuphunzira ndizosowa entrepreneurship, zimene zingakuthandizeni m'tsogolo kulenga bwino banja payekha.

Pomaliza

Kuyambira kale, munthu m'banja kuti apeze zosowa zawo, mabanja awo ndi chakudya ndi zovala. Popeza wapatukana wadutsa nthawi yambiri, koma kufunika kwa banja sichinachepe. Kuti apulumuke mu zenizeni ndi mavuto a zachuma, mabanja ambiri amayenda m'mizinda ikuluikulu ndi m'midzi.

Pakati pa mitundu yofala banja, kubweretsa ndalama zabwino, timasiyanitsa ng'ombe kulera ndi kuswana mbalame. Mwachitsanzo, kuswana ndi kulera nkhosa osati akubweretsa ndalama wabwino, komanso akhoza kukhala weniweni Launch PAD ntchito yaikulu. Banja sasiyana kwambiri ku makampani akuluakulu mafakitale. Kapangidwe ka bungwe malonda, njira ya malonda mankhwala, kufuna kupeza phindu pazipita azipereke ndipo amakonda minda ang'ono ndi makampani akuluakulu.

Chachikulu kusiyana pakati pa banja ndi kukula kwake zazing'ono, ntchito za abale, abwenzi. Banja mu msika chuma lero salinso okha ntchito yosavuta ndalama ndalama, kukutanthauza ndi pachibwenzi kwambiri ndi mabungwe a zachuma. Ngongole zimene alimi ang'onoang'ono, kuzipatsa kukhala.

Mabanja kwambiri za kukula malonda awo, musati monga kuthandiza anthu kupulumuka mu mavuto a zachuma, komanso kupereka chiyembekezo cha mawa.