Kodi kudziwa ziro ndi gawo? Mtundu mawaya - gawo ziro

Pali zoona, si ambiri onse a mitundu ya ochititsa ndi kugwirizana awo. Mu magetsi ndi kusiyanitsa ochititsa zozitetezera. Ena atamva mawu monga "ziro" ndi "gawo" waya. Koma apa ndipo pali mafunso. Kodi kudziwa ziro ndi gawo mu maukonde weniweni?

ndi ochititsa mu zitsulo chiyani?

N'zotheka kuthana ndi funso "zomwe ndi gawo ndi ndale", popanda kupita m'nkhalango ya kupeza kukonza, ubwino ndi mfundo sizabwino atatu gawo kapena gawo asanu madera. Zonse zomwe inu mungapange kwenikweni pa zala, kuwulula kwambiri wamba kubwereketsa banja, amene anapereka mu nyumba kapena nyumba mseri kwa zaka khumi - zaka khumi ndi zisanu zapitazo. Monga mukuonera, zitsulo izi chikugwirizana ndi mawaya awiri. Kodi kudziwa ziro ndi gawo?

Kodi mawaya mu khoma kubwereketsa ndi nanga chiyani?

Monga mukuonera, pali kusiyana zina pakati pa anthu ogwira ntchito ndi ziro. ndi lakuti gawo ndi ziro chiyani? Bluish kapena buluu mtundu - mtundu wa gawo waya, ziro akusonyeza mitundu ina, kupatulapo, kumene, buluu. Iwo akhoza kukhala wachikasu, zobiriwira, wakuda ndi milozo. panopa sukupita kwa wochititsa ndale. Ngati timatenga izo, ndipo musakhudze kompyuta, ndiye kanthu zidzachitika - si kusiyana kuthekera (zoona, maukonde si angwiro, ndi voteji kakang'ono akhoza anayeza koma izo ziri, chabwino, mu millivolts). Koma ndi gawo akuchititsa kuti achoke. Akukhudza mwina zikuphatikizapo chiyani ndi mantha magetsi ngakhale chakupha. waya Izi zonse mphamvu, panopa umayenda thereto ku magudumu ndi tiransifoma magetsi substations ndi zomera mphamvu. Muyenera kukumbukira kuti kukhudza-wochititsa Mulimonsemo sangathe, chifukwa ngakhale voteji ambirimbiri volts kungasokoneze. Ndi kubwereketsa gawo voteji ya mazana awiri ndi makumi awiri.

Kodi osiyana ndi ku Soviet earthing-pini?

Kodi kudziwa ziro ndi gawo mu nkhani iyi? Pa kubwereketsa ndi zoti achite zogwirizana ndi mfundo European, ndi atatu chabe mwa wochititsa lapansi. The choyamba - gawo, yomwe imapatsidwa mphamvu ndi utoto zosiyanasiyana mitundu (kupatula buluu mithunzi). The chachiwiri - ziro, omwe ndi otetezeka kwathunthu kuti achilitse akuda mu buluu. Koma wachitatu conductive zoteteza otchedwa ziro. Nthawi zambiri akuda chikasu kapena wobiriwira mtundu. Rapolozhen iye anasiya mwake, masiwichi kwa - pansi. Gawo waya kumanja ndipo pamwamba, motero. Popeza zimene zinkachitika ndi chekeni n'zosavuta kudziwa kumene gawo, ndipo pamene ziro, ndi mmene zoteteza ndale kondakitala. Koma ndi chiyani icho?

N'chifukwa chiyani tiyenera wochititsa zoteteza earthing-pini?

Ngati gawo lakonzedwa kupereka mphamvu kubwereketsa, ndi ziro - kukhetsa gwero, chifukwa European mfundo kudzilamulira waya wina? Ngati zida chikugwirizana, ntchito bwino, ndipo onse Kulumikizana ndi bwino ntchito, ziro zoteteza sadzawononga nawo, m'posafunika. Koma ngati mwadzidzidzi chinachake chikuchitika komwe yochepa-dera kapena pa-voteji kapena dera yochepa ku mbali iliyonse ya chipangizo, pano amapatsidwa malo amene amakhala wopanda mphamvu zake, amene osalumikidwa ndi gawo kapena ndi ziro. Munthu amangokhala Kumva ndi mantha magetsi yokha. Mu zinthu zoopsa mukhoza kufa kwa izo, chifukwa minofu mtima chingalepheretse. Ndi apa ndipo akufunika zoteteza ndale kondakitala. Iye "zimatengera" yochepa dera atsopano ndiponso amatumiza pansi kapena gwero. Zimenezi zimadalira kukonza Kulumikizana ndi makhalidwe mosabisa. Chotero, inu mukhoza bwinobwino kukhudza zipangizo - sipadzakhala mantha magetsi. Chinthu kuti panopa nthawi zimatengera njira kukaniza osachepera. Mu thupi mtengo wa chizindikiro ichi ndi kiloomah kuposa wina. Mu zoteteza wochititsa kukana si upambana ndi magawo angapo a ohm wina.

KUFOTOKOZERA kopita atsogoleri

Kodi kudziwa ziro ndi gawo? Aliyense mulimonse anakumana ndi mfundo imeneyi. Makamaka pamene m'pofunika kukonza kubwereketsa kapena Kulumikizana kuchita. Choncho ndikofunikira kuti umvetse kwenikweni kumene kondakitala. Koma kodi kudziwa ziro ndi gawo? Kumbukirani kuti mwai onse a mtundu umenewu ndi oopsa magetsi. Choncho, ngati njakata pazochita zawo bwino kukaonana ndi katswiri. Ngati muli kale oyenera kubwereketsa ndi mawaya mu izo, ndiye mukufunika kwathunthu de A-mphamvu ya nyumba. Pa yochepa, kungapulumutse thanzi ndi moyo. Monga tanena kale, nthawi zambiri zoti gawo ndi ziro akuchita ndi thandizo la mtundu. Ndi olemba yoyenera kusiyanitsa iwo sadzakhala ndi mavuto. Black (kapena zofiirira) - Mtundu mawaya gawo, ziro ndi amangoona bluish kapena bluish kulocha. Ngati amaika European muyezo zitsulo, wachitatu (zoteteza ziro) ndi zobiriwira kapena chikasu. Kodi ngati Kulumikizana ndi monochrome? Childs, Zikatero, waya malekezero amakhala wapadera zokutira zitsulo chubu ndi mtundu anakhumba yosiyanasiyana. Iwo ali kutchedwa "chimateteza machubu".

Khama la ochititsa ndi screwdriver wapadera

Kodi kudziwa ziro ndi gawo? Kuchita izi, ndi bwino kugula wapadera chizindikiro screwdriver. Chogwirira cha chida ichi unapangidwa pulasitiki translucent kapena mandala. Mkati diode Integrated - babu kuwala. Kumtunda ngati screwdriver zitsulo. Kodi kudziwa ziro ndi gawo la njira imeneyi?

Ndondomeko ka ntchito, monga anayeza ndi chizindikiro screwdriver:

• de A-zikundithandiza nyumba;
• ife kuyeretsa pang'ono waya malekezero;
• Ife zimaswana iwo kupatula, kuti si kuti mwangozi chifukwa yochepa dera ndi kukhudzana pakati pa gawo ndi ziro;
• kuyatsa magetsi ndi zinthu panopa ndi nyumba ya;
• kutenga chogwirira cha screwdriver kuti ali ndi ❖ kuyanika dielectric;
• kuika chala (kapena mkulu index), kukhudzana kuti lili kumbuyo zitsulo ndi;
• Tikangoukhudza ntchito kumapeto chizindikiro kwa wochititsa wina anabala;
• mosamala zimene screwdriver ndi;
• ngati diode umaunikira, ndiye tikhoza kunena kuti gawo ili ;
• ndi kukanidwa tizindikira kuti wochititsa otsala - ndi ziro.

Screwdriver chizindikiro amachitira kukhalapo kwa voteji. N'zoona kuti si mu waya ndale. Komabe, pali drawback kwambiri njira. Mothandizidwa ndi screwdriver chizindikiro sangathe kumvetsa mmene kudziwa: gawo ziro, dziko - kumene zilili ndi kubwereketsa European.

Njira mtima wa gawo ndi ziro ndi voltmeter ndi

Ngati mawaya si utoto mtundu yoyenera, ndi dzanja si chizindikiro screwdriver, inu mukhoza kupita njira zina. Ife tikusowa voltmeter (multimeter, Tester). M'pofunika nachiyika pa osiyanasiyana wolakalakika - pa volts mazana awiri AC. Monga Tester kuti mudziwe gawo? Tengani wochititsa chimodzi chimene chimafika kwa unit (amaimira V). Angagwirizanitse kwa wochititsa kale De-zikundithandiza (chilichonse). Ndiye, panopa umaperekedwa (Nayenso lophimba). Ndipo kukonza monga izo zikusonyeza chida kudzionetsera. Pambuyo onse pamwamba kachiwiri zimitsani mphamvu, ndipo ife kusuntha kopanira Tester kale pa wochititsa ena. Ngati chirichonse si anasonyeza, zikutanthauza kuti pali mwina ziro kapena zoteteza grounding ndale wochititsa patsogolo pathu. Komabe, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njira ina omwe akuyankha funso ili: "Kodi kuzindikira ndi gawo ziro, komanso nthaka." Kuti tichite zimenezi, kachiwiri De-zikundithandiza nyumba, kukonza V achepetsa pa imodzi ya mawaya. Kuponya wachiwiri pa aliyense wa ochititsa atatu. Anazimitsa voteji. Ngati singano sizimawasuntha, ndiye mwasankha ndale zozitetezera. Motero, voteji ayenera wazimitsa kachiwiri ndi kusintha udindo wa Nsomba malo V (Iponye wina wochititsa kale makuponi). Kachiwiri, monga panopa ndi kupanga miyezo yoyenera. Ndiye ife kuchita ntchito yomweyo, koma kusintha kachiwiri kondakitala. Tsopano muyenera kutsimikizira zotsatira. Ngati nambala woyamba unali waukulu, zikutanthauza kuti ife anayeza voteji pakati pa gawo wochititsa (omwe anapachika Clem V) ndi ziro. Choncho, waya wachiwiri udzakhala ndi earthing zozitetezera. njira zachokera angathe muyeso kusiyana.

njira zosowa kudziŵa gawo ndi ziro mu Kulumikizana ndi

Palinso "njira za makolo" imene sizikutanthauza kuti kuli zipangizo zapadera. Iwo akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupatula milandu poipa kwambiri, chifukwa iwo ali oyanjana ndi chiopsezo thanzi ndi moyo. Mwachitsanzo, mbatata njira. Chifukwa chaichi, chisanadze-de-zikundithandiza ochititsa atavala mwatsopano kudula chidutswa cha mbatata. M'pofunika kuteteza mawaya kukhudza mzake, kuti palibe yochepa dera pakati pawo. Kenaka, monga angapo masekondi, ndi voteji umagwiritsidwa, ndi kuyang'ana pa mbatata. Ngati gawo limodzi la waya pafupi buluu mu nkhope, ndiye anabweretsa siteji.