Kodi adjective? mitundu Adjectival. Chirasha: adjectives

Adjective - mmodzi wa waukulu mbali ya kulankhula Chirasha ntchito ndi kuchigwiritsa nthawi zonse. Iwo ali angapo zizindikiro, kotero pamaso panu kuyankha funso la momwe kusintha ndi adjective, kuti akhale kofunika kufotokozera kumvetsa pansi mbali iyi ya kulankhula.

Kodi adjective?

Mawu akuti "adjective" inatuluka mu chinenero cha Chirasha kalekale, ndipo anali lachokera ku Latin mawu adjectivum, amene anawamasulira amatanthauza "Kuwonjezera". N'chifukwa chake tanthauzo lexical mawu "adjective" tiyenera kuziganizira "dzina limene Ufumuyo nauni."

Nthawi zambiri, adjective amatanthauza lexical ndi kalembedwe wordforms kalasi kusonyeza umboni wa kusokonezedwa chinthu. Tanthauzo lexical Pankhaniyi chimaoneka ntchito magulu a inflectional. Mu adjectives m'chiganizo ali syntactic yake ntchito - tanthauzo Nthawi makamaka zovuta, iwo ndi gulu mwadzina mkhalidwe.

Adjective: atatu mwa mmodzi

Ponena za adjective ndi, tisaiwale atatu kumvetsa mawu. Malinga oyamba gawo opatsidwa kulankhula kwenikweni zimachitika adjectives, akuti, adjectives, ndi mawerengero participle kuti mtundu. Tanthauzo lexical mawu deta (sakugwirizana ndi khalidwe) wodzilemekeza ndi mithunzi latsopano. Zimenezi amatchedwa kumvetsa yotakata adjective ndi.

Pali malo mwamwambo chabe mtundu wapakatikati, imene m'gulu yekha pansi adjectives adjectives moyenera komanso manambala ordinal. Zimenezi anali wotchuka mu 60-70-ntchentche za m'ma XX, iwo usanaperekedwebe njira kumvetsa timapangira mwachangu lobbied "Russian galamala 80."

Pamene tanthauzo yopapatiza ya adjective ndi amaphatikizapo kokha adjectives yoyenera. akatswiri a zinenero ambiri amakonda n'kudziphatika kwa njira imeneyi, monga zimatenga okha nkhani zosiyanasiyana ndi thandizo limene kusankha mmodzi kapena mbali ina ya kulankhula. Pamaziko zokhudzana ichi, lero wopereka kusanthula adjective lapansi.

Kodi adjective?

The adjective angapo siyana morphological, njira imene izo zikhoza kusintha ngati pakufunika kutero. Onse a magulu awa amadalira mbali zina za kulankhula, mapeto a adjective ndi morpheme chilengedwe kuti angasonyeze siyana inflectional.

Adjectives zosiyanasiyana za jenda, chiwerengero ndi choncho, pamene mawu kusintha mu mtundu kuchuluka kwa kutha ngati zosafunika. Nthawi zambiri kufotokozera siyana inflectional adjective kungakhale ntchito molumikizana ndi kumapeto kwa kutha kwa nauni. Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti adjective ntchito ndi manauni indeclinable, ndipo pamapeto kupeza mfundo zonse za mawu sizingatheke. Mu nkhani iyi, kutsekedwa kwa adjective kudzadalira mtengo mtundu, chiwerengero ndi mlandu chachikazi. Number adjective amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri chifukwa zimakhudza mwachindunji zokhazikitsidwa onse.

mitundu Short ndi yaitali adjectives

Ambiri adjectives ali mitundu yochepa yaitali. Mu masiku a Chisilavo Chakale (Old Russian) chinenero patsogolo ntchito mitundu yochepa, tsopano zinthu zasintha zosiyana.

Adjectives mu mawonekedwe zonse nthawi zambiri amapereka kwa nauni, mu nkhani iyi, m'sentensi, amasewera tanthauzo udindo. Ngati adjective zonse kunapezeka kuti kukhala nauni, ndi liwu lofotokozera kapena lokamba zambiri mbali ya gulu mwadzina mkhalidwe. Ngati pempholo si mawu, ndi adjective zimatengera pa udindo wa mkhalidwe wa.

adjectives Short zambiri anaika kumbuyo nauni, mu nkhani iyi iwo atumikire monga gawo mwadzina la gulu mwadzina mkhalidwe. Ngati pempholo zikuphatikizapo mkhalidwe zowonetseredwa ndi mneni wina wa adjective akhoza kuimba lalifupi Mbali osiyana anavomera-pa tanthauzo.

mitundu patokha adjectives (Mkhalidwe)

Ena adjectives Mkhalidwe ndasunga yochepa mawonekedwe, ndi zotsala za ntchito yogwira zodabwitsazi mu chinenero akale. mitundu imeneyi zambiri amaimira mbali zosatha zomwe zingakhale zothandiza pa zinthu zina Komanso iwo adutse anasintha okhazikika ziyenera a mbali makamaka.

Mu masiku ano Russian lalifupi mawonekedwe aumbike mwa zapansi zonse za adjectives, kumene ayenera zidzawonjezedwa mathero generic. Mu mapangidwe adjectives lalifupi chachimuna angaoneke alternating makalata "o" ndi "E" ndi ziro phokoso, zodabwitsazi ndi chotsatira cha kugwa yafupika.

Nkofunika kusiyanitsa mitundu naperewera pa adjectives truncated ntchito mwakhama folklore ndi mabuku. Short adjectives zitha kukhala wabwino kwambiri ndi kusinthidwa ngati ndi jenda ndi manambala, iwo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito postposition poyerekezera nauni ndi.

kukha adjectives

Kumvetsa mmene adjective, m'pofunika kuthetsa magulu ake lexical ndi kalembedwe. adjectives Mkhalidwe ingasonyeze khalidwe la anthu, zinthu ndi nyama, zizindikiro mtundu, komanso kupereka ziyenera wonse wa chodabwitsa chilichonse, amene amatchulidwa mu pempholo.

Wachibale adjectives amasiyana mawuwo chizindikiro cha chinthu mwa njira zina mwa ubale wake ndi nkhaniyo kapena kuti kanthu. Mothandizidwa iwo ndi chiŵerengero cha anthu, nyama zinthu, zochita zachikunja, malo, nthawi ndi manambala. mtengo Lexical imafalikira kudzera mwa suffixes wapadera.

Odzikundikira adjectives - pokha chovuta. M'lingaliro ikuluikulu kuti monga izo adjectives ndi suffixes kulamula m'njira yopapatiza - gawo la kulankhula ayenera imodzi ndi mbali ziwiri - ndi suffix ndi munthu yoperekedwa kwa munthu kapena chinthu.

Kodi kudziwa adjective?

Morphological Kupenda adjective - mwachilungamo yosavuta ndondomeko kuti angathe kuchitidwa mu maminiti pang'ono. parsing chiwembu ntchito mofanana kwa onse mlingo sukulu, komanso sekondale, choncho palibe mavuto ndi kuvutanganitsidwa owonjezera zilibe kupulumutsa. Ngati ndi kotheka, kukaonana ndi atsogoleri chinenero.

Mu parsing ayenera mwachindunji: mawonekedwe mawu, mitundu mawu wachokera ku gawo la kulankhula, phindu categorical + mawonekedwe m'munsi mwa funso kwa iye ndi funso zamalankhulidwe. Kenako, muyenera mwachindunji onse lexical ndi kalembedwe zolembera ndi mtundu wa declination (ndi zizindikiro). Pakuti adjectives Mkhalidwe ayenera kukhazikitsa njira komparativy ndi lalifupi (ndi umboni mu mawonekedwe a zizindikiro). Komanso tisaiwale kuti zimene zolozera ndi adjective zikugwirizana ndi nauni (jenda, chiwerengero, choncho), ndi kukhazikitsa ntchito yake syntactic chiweruzo.

mathero Unstressed wa adjectives

Nthawi zambiri pali vuto pamene cheke adjectival kutha zovuta, chifukwa unstressed. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mafunso angapo (chiyani? Chiyani? Chiyani? Chiyani? Chiyani?). Tiyenera kukumbukira, ndi kuchotserapo - adjectives kutha mu "-th", "-e", "-ya", "chikufanana", ali m'njira kwambiri aikidwa lisanathe chizindikiro zofewa: kalulu, kalulu, kalulu.

The kuchotserapo ndi nominative ndi accusative mmodzi wamphongo. Ngati adjective anali linachokera ku dzina la mwezi uliwonse, chizindikiro zofewa adzatsala: July - July.

Tikamaphunzira adjective?

Kale nthawi, pamene oyamba kuphunzira adjective (kalasi 3), anakonza si onse ayi, ndicho chifukwa pa mbali ya mawu a ana angaphunzire kale kwambiri kuposa mbadwo wakale. The adjective ndi zosavuta kudya chifukwa umakhudza mbali zina za mawu - manauni, ndipo ngakhale ali ofanana zizindikiro kalembedwe.

Kuti mudziwe kusintha ndi adjective, m'pofunika m'kalasi amayesetsanso ndi kumvetsera kwa aphunzitsi anu mosamala. Komabe, ngati mwana mwangozi anaphonya phunziro kapha kwa iye tsopano ndi zovuta, akhoza kutsegula chikwatu aliyense kuchokera chiwerengero chachikulu cha mabuku sayansi ndi kupeza yankho la funso lake. Yankho Pankhaniyi mwina si nthawi zonse bwino, ndipo izi ziyenera n'komwe pamene kufufuza.

Kusekondale mtundu adjective kuphunzira mwakuya kwambiri, koma chitukuko wapatsidwa ochepa maola wophunzira kungathandize yekha kubwereza mfundo zikuluzikulu za mbali imeneyi ya kulankhula. Komabe, ophunzira a ku Yunivesite ndi mwayi ku laibulale, ndi mosavuta ndipo mwamsanga kupeza mfundo zofunika.