Kepler: dzikoli Wopatsa moyo

Anthu anayamba kalekale akhala akuyembekeza kupeza mapulaneti ofanana ndi athu mu mlengalenga. Dziko loyamba sikuli kwa dongosolo lathu dzuwa, anali
anapeza mu 2009. Komabe, izo zonse zopezeka kwa ife makhalidwe, si oyenera moyo. Panali kufunika
chipangizo chimene chikanakhoza zonse penyani nyenyezi, kupenda kusintha. Ndiponso, kunali koyenera kupereka kuthekera wagawo izi
nthawi zonse kuwunika gawo limodzi la kumwamba kuti sizingakhoze kuchitidwa kuchokera pansi. Zonsezi zinachititsa kuti chakuti Space Telescope, "Kepler" unayambitsidwa mu 2009,
amene anali kuyang'ana exoplanets.

zolinga

chipangizo, anapezerapo ndi NASA, dzina lake "Kepler". Planet kupeza kukhazikitsa makinawa, akhoza kukhala pa mtunda uliwonse ndi dziko lathu.
Choncho, kufunafuna exoplanets Transit njira ntchito. Amakhala mu ananena ndi malo ochepa a thambo ndi nyenyezi anayeza luminance. Kamodzi zapitazi nyenyezi
akudutsa dzikoli, kuwala amachepetsa pang'ono. Ndi pa mfundo imeneyi ndi n'zotheka kudziwa ngati pali inawala mapulaneti mtundu thupi. Kukhazikitsa nthawi
chithandizo ndi chiwerengero cha mlengalenga, m'pofunika kusunga nyenyezi kwa zaka zosachepera zitatu. Pakumala akhoza amanena kuti kuwala kwa nyenyezi amachepetsa izo ndi
chifukwa ndimeyi zapitazi exoplanets ake.

Komanso, mlengalenga, amene akhoza kupangidwa kapena kamodzi moyo kale anapanga, mwina zochepa. N'chifukwa chake "Kepler" ntchito kwa zaka zambiri ndi kusiya ntchitoyi tsopano palibe.

zikayenda

Pakali pano, ndi "Kepler" anatsegula kuposa 4 mazana ekzoplanet. Onse kumene anapeza kupereka dzina la zakutali, ndi ntchito manambala siriyo ndi makalata. kalata zikusonyeza mmene ambiri mapulaneti ndi nyenyezi.

Za mazana lotseguka angapo akhale oyenera moyo, momwe "Kepler". Planet 186F Mwachitsanzo, pa nthawi ina mofatsa ndi "amapasa" Dziko Lapansi. Komabe
panopa sitingathe otsimikiza kupezeka lenileni la mapulaneti onse wapezeka. Ndipotu, mwa zina, kukhala wokhoza kunena
kuti thupi wakumwamba kukhala zoyenera, muyenera kufufuza zambiri kwenikweni abwino. Tiri ndi mwayi kuphunzira kokha dziko lina, ndithu
liveable - Earth. ndalamazo zakuthupi ndi yaing'ono kwambiri. Koma pamaziko a maumboni kudziwika ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti chiyambi cha moyo wonse
zofunika pamaso pa madzi mu madzi mawonekedwe. Izi zathandiza kuti atchule lingaliro monga "zone ya habitability" - pali mapulaneti kumene, zikomo
Mtunda zabwino kuchokera kwa nyenyezi, angakhale madzi. M'dera lino, madzi mwayi asanduke nthunzi kapena amaundana. Kupezeka kwa madzi zimadalira kuwala
nyenyezi, ndi pa mtunda wa dziko ndi dzuwa.

Nthaka yachiwiri

Kodi ayeneranso kudziwa kuti ananena kuti anapeza dziko ngati Lapansi? "Kepler", monga mmene zingakhalire, mfundo zimenezi sapereka ife
mungathe. Bukuli lakonzedwa okha kudziwa pamaso pa exoplanets. Komabe, tidziwa kuti makhalidwe a dzikoli kungakhale yosiyana.
Mwachitsanzo, ngakhale mpweya chimphona wapezeka angakhale chitsimikizo kuti palibe adalira madzi. Ndipotu, angakhale kachipangizo ndi chikhalidwe abwino.

Pakuti Mwina moyo monga tidziwa akukumana kwambiri zinthu: pamaso pa makina, ndi mtunda ndi nyenyezi, kuwala za polojekiti, pamaso pa oyaka
Nyenyezi moyandikana, mapulaneti chimphona mu dongosolo nyenyezi. Pamaziko a deta kudziwika kwa ife, asayansi amati moyo pamabwera Choyamba, pa
mapulaneti amene mmene ndingathere ofanana ndi mbadwa athu - makina nyenyezi dzuwa monga mu kanjira zofanana, amene ali ofanana kulemera, zaka,
zosiyanasiyana ndipo magawo ena. Chotero ya amafuna kuti "dziko lachiwiri" kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti Kupezeka kwa mapulaneti ofanana Dziko Lapansi, kuchititsa namondwe wa maganizo
Asayansi ndi nzika. Tsopano anthu azindikira exoplanets awiri amene amafuna kwambiri, monga mwina kungakhale anthu amene zakuthambo Satellite analengedwa "Kepler". Planet 186F ndi 452b.

Kepler 186f

Kepler 186f - dzikoli anapeza mu April 2014. Ngakhale mtunda wautali, pafupi ife tinapeza thandauzo: chimazungulira ndi nyenyezi yaing'ono wofiira ndi periodicity 130 Earth masiku, timapepala lalikulu la 10%. M'mipita kudutsa m'mphepete kunja kwa woyendera nthambi lokhalamo. mawu Astrophysicists anali moni ndi changu, ndiye kwambiri anthu wamba, ndi mabuku ngakhale olemekezeka anayamba kuganiza maonekedwe a dziko, zinthu zake ndi mabonasi kuti akhoza kutenga dzikolo kuchokera "mlongo". Komabe, nthawi, asayansi anali okhoza kubwerera ku chenicheni cha anthu amasomphenya.

Kunena mmene ayenera moyo padziko lapansi lino, inu muyenera kukhala kuchuluka wokulirapo deta. Mwachitsanzo, muyenera kupeza pamaso pa
m'mlengalenga, kapangidwe kake, kapangidwe ndi chikhalidwe cha dziko, kutentha pamwamba, ndi makhalidwe ena ambiri. Panopa tilibe zipangizo,
waluso pa mtunda yaikulu chotero kupeza zinthu zonse chidwi. Komabe, mu 2020s munthu limagwirira ofanana zakonzedwa kukhazikitsa mu kanjira,
kuti aziphunzira mwatsatanetsatane Mapulaneti extrasolar.

Kodi popita ku dziko Kepler 186f? Chabwino, zimangokhala pafupi ndi ife - kuti izo 400 okha kuwala zaka.

Kepler 452b

Iwo anapeza pang'ono motalikira kwa ife - pa mtunda wa zaka 1400 kuwala. Nyenyezi padziko izi Nkosatheka "amapasa" Dziko Lapansi, dzuwa lofanana ndi lathu.
Kanjira wa Kepler 452b ndi pafupifupi ofanana dziko lapansi. Tsiku lathu ndi masiku 385. Kukula kwa dzikoli yokulirapo kuposa Lapansi - utali wozungulira kuposa 60%. Motero,
ngati osalimba a dziko ndi chimodzimodzi kuti a Dziko Lapansi, izo kulemera nthawi 4, chifukwa mu kwambiri ndi yokoka - mu nthawi 1,5. Age Nyenyezi dongosolo,
amene "moyo" timasamala mu dziko la zaka mabiliyoni 6, poyerekeza ndi 4.5 -. m'badwo wa dzuwa wathu.

Kodi pali moyo padziko pano? Mwina. Koma izo zikhoza kukhala. Mpaka ndiye, mpaka yeniyeni ndi zamakono zipangizo, zomwe zingathandize kuphunzira dzikoli,
Nthawi mtunda lalikulu, sitingathe kunena chimodzimodzi chimene ichi ndi ena sangathe kuwona zithunzi za dziko Kepler 452b ndi ena monga izo.