Carbonate, hydroxide ndi calcium carbonate

Kashiamu ... Kodi mukudziwa za iye? "Zitsulo Izi" - basi kuyankha ambiri. Nanga mankhwala kashiamu kulibe? Pamenepo aliyense mfundo adzayamba kukanda mutu wanu. Inde, kudziwa ochepa za m'mbuyomu, ndi za yekha kashiamu kwambiri. Chabwino, tiyeni tikambirane pambuyo pake, koma tsopano tiyeni tiyang'ane osachepera atatu a mankhwala ake - carbonate, hydroxide ndi calcium carbonate.

1. kashiamu carbonate

Ndi mchere umene aumbike mwa kashiamu ndi carbonic asidi zotsalira. Dongosolo la carbonate - CaCO _3.

katundu

Iwo ali maonekedwe a ufa woyera umene uli insoluble ndi madzi ndi ethyl mowa.

Kukonzekera kashiamu carbonate

Iwo apangidwa pa calcination wa okusayidi calcium. Kuti otsiriza, madzi Chinawonjezeka, ndiyeno pambuyo yankho chifukwa cha hydroxide kashiamu ikuchitika mpweya. mankhwala anachita ndi carbonate anakhumba ndi madzi, amene mosavuta anapatukana. Pamene usavutike, izo pogawanikana pamawere mankhwala amene adzakhala wa carbon dioxide ndi quicklime. Pa kuvunda kwa carbonate ndi carbon monoxide (II) angathe kukonzekera mu madzi kashiamu carbonate. Ngati ife kuphatikiza ndi mpweya ndi calcium carbonate, mankhwala zotani ndi kashiamu carbide ndi carbon monoxide.

ntchito

carbonate Izi - choko ndi ife nthawi zonse amakumana mu masukulu ndi ena maphunziro pulayimale ndi apamwamba. Komanso, iwo laimu denga, utoto m'chaka cha makungwa a mitengo ndipo anapanga nthaka zofunika makampani horticulture.

2. kashiamu bicarbonate

Ndi mchere asidi carbonic. Ali chilinganizo Ca (HCO _{3) 2.}

katundu

Sungunuka madzi, monga chimasanduka onse. Komabe, nthawi zina kumakhala kovuta. Mu zamoyo, calcium carbonate ndi mchere ena ku ankafuna kusintha zinthu mopitirira chomwechi ntchito ya owongolera mosiyanasiyana zonse magazi.

phwando

Iwo analandira mwa kuchita mpweya woipa, calcium carbonate ndi madzi.

ntchito

Umapezeka kumwa madzi, kumene ndende angakhale osiyana - kuchokera 30 mpaka 400 mg / l.

hydroxide 3. kashiamu

Chilinganizo - Ca (o) _2. mankhwala ndi amphamvu m'munsi. Magwero osiyanasiyana kungakhale kuitana slaked laimu kapena "kufwanyulira".

phwando

Iwo aumbike pamene anachita okusayidi kashiamu ndi madzi.

katundu

Iye ali mawonekedwe a ufa woyera, pang'ono sungunuka m'madzi. Ndi kukula kutentha, chomaliza n'zosangalatsa kumva mtengo wa solubility wa amachepetsa. Ndiponso ali ndi mphamvu n'chongoletsa asidi anapanga pa zimene lolingana kashiamu mchere ndi madzi. Ngati kuwonjezera kusungunuka mu madzi, carbon dioxide, amene analandira madzi chomwecho, komanso kashiamu carbonate. Ndi anapitiriza barbotatsii NKHA ₂ mapangidwe chifuniro kashiamu carbonate.

ntchito

Iwo laimu chipinda, mipanda matabwa, komanso TACHIMATA ndi kudenga. Mwa ichi kukonzekera hydroxide laimu matope, oyeretsa feteleza wapadera, laimu konkire, ndipo ngakhale kuthetsa carbonate kuuma kwa madzi (anasintha lomaliza). Kudzera mwa mankhwala ikuchitika causticization potaziyamu ndi sodium wochuluka carbonates, mankhwala mizu ngalande mano ndi kuchiza khungu Tan matenda ena mbewu. kashiamu hydroxide, yemwenso amadziwika monga chakudya zowonjezera E526.

Pomaliza

Tsopano inu mukumvetsa chifukwa chake m'nkhani ino ndinaganiza pofotokoza zinthu zitatu izi? Ndipotu, mankhwala awa "anapeza" lililonse, amaimbirana patsogolo ndipo chiphaso ya aliyense wa iwo. Pali zina zambiri zinthu ziwiri zosagwirizana, koma iwo kulankhula nthawi ina.