J002E3 (asteroid). Bakuman Wachiwiri J002E3

J002E3 - ndi asteroid mu 2002 kwenikweni analiza gawo la atolankhani. NKHANI zokopa ndi chidwi ndipo analonjeza zambiri zosangalatsa. Mitu ya nkhani monga "dziko The anaonekera kachipangizo chachiwiri!" Ndipo "dziko lapansi akuyandikira asteroid!" Ena nthawi anakumana onse pa TV kusindikiza ndi maukonde ambirimbiri. Komabe, mkuntho anakafera wokongola msanga. Chinali chiani icho, ndipo kodi adzasiyidwe J002E3 (asteroid), ndipo zafotokozedwa pansipa.

Kupezeka kwa chinthu

Monga amadziwika, zakuthambo - wina wa sayansi ochepa pamene mudasunga kufunika kwa okonda ntchito osatekeseka. zinthu zambiri zasintha zikomo zotheka kuti maso a anthu amene amakhulupirira zimene ananena kumwamba chizolowezi. Kotero iyo inali nthawi iyi.

Mkasidi zofufuzafufuza ku California Bill Jung mwapeza kale anaona ndi thupi aliyense mu Earth kanjira. Iye anapeza chinthu kachipangizo wachiwiri wa dziko lathuli, zimene anafulumira kudziŵitsa wake akatswiri anzake. Izo zinachitika September 3, 2002. Chinthu mu Minor Planet Center anatumizidwa J002E3 chiwerengero. Asteroid yomweyo inasandulika chilikati cha mkangano waukulu pakati pa asayansi.

Features ya Kanema latsopano

ndege njira yodutsamo wa chinthu kunaganiziridwa. Kunapezeka kuti ali pafupifupi kawiri mpaka ku Earth kuposa mwezi. Pa njira pafupi ndi dziko J002E3 kuchotsedwa kwa makilomita 300 zikwi, pa osachepera - pa 840. Mu zisinthe munthu pa dziko asteroid athu anatha pafupifupi makumi asanu.

N'zosiyana thupi dziko la Moon ndi makulidwe. Mmodzi wa ziwerengero woyamba zamitundu asteroid yodziwika monga 50 timetrovy awiri chinthu. deta onsewa amanena kuti ankaimbidwa chachiwiri zachilengedwe Kanema wa Earth kwenikweni yokumba.

chidwi sayansi

Chifukwa cha mogwirizana ndi Mphamvu pakati pa mwezi ndi dziko zinthu aliyense amene amagwa mu kanjira, kuchotsedwa pambuyo nthawi zina. Choncho, akatswiri anaonekera zomveka kopanda kuti asteroid anabwera chimodzimodzi ndege njira posachedwapa. Ndipo izo zinali kwa zakuthambo pafupifupi zofunika kuposa chiyambi J002E3. asteroid, pa mfundo za asayansi, analandidwa ndi munda yokoka ya dziko lathuli padziko April-May 2002, mwachitsanzo atatsala pang'ono ukutsegulira.

Kuti limagwirira ndi kugundidwa ndi danga akutsutsa mu kanjira ndipo ndi chidwi amphamvu pakati zakuthambo. Popeza kuti imathandiza kwambiri ndipo anakumana ndi mbali iyi matupi lalikulu ngati mwezi. Mpaka pano asayansi sadathe kufika pafupi ndi adani yokoka ya yachinsinsi ilili mwiniyo amanena. Similar zochitika mu mbiri yonse ya sayansi sichinafikebe.

Natural kapena yokumba

Ponena za magwero a otsiriza ano mnzake, ndiye tinakambirana Mabaibulo ndi zotheka kwa kanthawi, koma posakhalitsa zokwanira akatswiri anazindikira chomwecho. Asteroid J002E3 anali anakuvoterani gawo lachitatu "Saturn 5" chonyamulira roketi kuti anatenga kuchokera Lapansi ndi spacecraft "Apollo-12". Mwina, nthawi zambiri kuyambira 1969, pamene iye anali mu malo lotseguka, siteji mwazunguliza mu kanjira kuzungulira Sun, ndipo okha madzulo a kutsegula, monga taonera kale, anagwidwa ndi yokoka Dziko Lapansi.

maphunziro zambiri

Posachedwa maganizo sayansi kutsimikizira. Akatswiri pa University ya Arizona ntchito kusanthula kawalidwe kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza chinthu. Bwinobwino kuwala anasonyeza kuchokera J002E3 anazindikira kuti kunja pamwamba pa thupi pali kuda okusayidi titaniyamu. Kuti pawiri izi zinali mu utoto woyera, zomwe TACHIMATA ndi chilimbikitso nyumba "Saturn-5". Zotsatira oterewa akamagwira ofufuza pambuyo kuphunzira chinthu ndi makinawa infuraredi.

A mbiri pang'ono

M'pofunikanso kukhala mfundo yakuti mwambowu anali "Apollo". Ntchito pachimake mu umodzi wa zinthu zofunika kwambiri mu mbiri ya astronautics, wakhala mwakuchita NASA. Kutchuka cholinga cha pulogalamuyi chinali ankafika panali pa mwezi. "Apollo" pulogalamu anavomera mu 1961, anagulitsidwa kwa zaka zingapo ndipo inatha mu 1975. Woyamba bwino ankafika pa mwezi, amene anali kufunika kwambiri padziko lonse, unapangidwa mu 1969. The chombo phazi padziko pamene ilili a dziko lathuli, anali Neil Armstrong ndi Buzz Aldrin. Anawatenga ku Moon "Apollo 11". Ndiye, ilili anali adatchithisira chombo asanu spacecraft.

ntchito akadali chosaneneka. Mu mbiri ya kufufuza malo salinso anali bwinobwino ndi ndegeyo panali pa mapulogalamu anthu pa pamalowo, monga makina a dziko. Mwa zomwe polojekiti:

• "Apollo 8" - ngalawa kuti poyamba adakhoza kulowa kanjira wa danga chinthu sanali Lapansi;
• landings asanu pa mwezi;
• "Apollo 17" - tsiku lomaliza la m'mlengalenga amene anabweretsa chombo ku mwezi dziko.

chilimbikitso

Monga amadziwika, mtundu wa spacecraft "Apollo" aperekedwa ndi thandizo la zipangizo zapadera. Ndipo izo ziri pano amene amabwera mu sewero pamwamba "Saturn 5". Roketi uyu anali nawo kutumiza zombo zonse "Apollo" pulogalamu kwa mwezi ndipo kenako ntchito "Skylab" ntchito ndi "Soyuz-Apollo". Zida inkakhala masiteji atatu mu mndandanda ndipo zikuphatikizapo galimoto potero atipatse mathamangitsidwe kutero. Mbali yachitatu ndi opareshoni kawiri, pambuyo disconnection ndipo patapita nthawi yachiwiri akafika kanjira. Akamaliza za utumiki wake, siteji yachitatu zipangizo zonse kuti "Apollo 13" ndi linanena bungwe kwa kanjira pafupi Sun ..

J002E3 asteroid asayansi poona m'dzinja cha 2002, kunapezeka kuti gawo lachitatu mmodzi wa maroketi izi. Akatswiri amanena zambiri, linali 'Saturn 5 ", zimene zinabweretsa kwa Moon ndi ulendo wachiwiri (" Apollo 12 "adalira).

ndege njira

umboni wina kwa chiyambi cha ichi "Kanema chachiwiri 'idaali njira imene iye wagonjetsedwa asanafike kanjira dziko lapansi. Ofufuza amasonyeza kuti chinthu ndi zaka makumi atatu anali pa njira yake heliocentric. Chifukwa cha moyandikana ndi njira yodutsamo wa dziko kuthawa J002E3 asteroid anagwidwa ndi yokoka Lapansi ndipo anayamba sapota pa iye.

Mu 2002-2003, ndi asteroid anaulukira zapitazi Earth kangapo. Ena asayansi ankati iye adzatsiriza ulendo wake, kugwa pa mwezi, yomwe kale "tidakocheza" gawo lachitatu la galimoto Launch zidaperedwa kwa danga "Apollo" zombo kuchokera 13 mpaka 17. Komabe, izi sizinachitike: chinthu wakhala kukankhira kunja wa mpita. Mwina, iye adzabwerera ku lapansi mu 2032.

ngozi chabwinobwino

Pamene atolankhani pali malipoti kuti asteroid adzauluka Padziko Lapansi, anthu ambiri funso n'lakuti mwakamodzi, zotsatira zake zidzakhala ngati izo kuwuluka, ndipo mutu wake kukopedwa chithunzi choonekera bwino tsoka konsekonse. Pankhani ya mantha J002E3 anali opanda pake. Miyeso ya siteji chonyamulira roketi ochepa kulemera - matani 20, kutalika pafupifupi mamita 18 ndipo m'mimba mwake - 6,6 mamita anthu mwaukadaulo nawo zakuthambo, kuti ngati Earth akuyandikira asteroid ndi miyeso zofanana, saopa chilichonse :. Iye adzatenthedwa chapamwamba m'mlengalenga. Choncho kungakhale nthawi ili pa nkhani ya J002E3 chinthu kugwa padziko lathuli.

danga zinyalala

Vuto siteji ya chotengera roketi "Saturn 5" silili. Pa malo a zokambirana sayansi kuonekera mu zinthu pafupi-Earth. Kawirikawiri, iwo anabwera mogwirizana ndi vuto wa mpita otsika-chosaneneka padziko lathuli. Mu m'kanthawi kochepa chitukuko mofulumira anthu danga anayenera kusiya kwambiri ndithu "Ogryzkov" zombo ndi mabomba osiyanasiyana. Asayansi anazindikira kuti vutolo kale kutembenukira mu wotsutsa, chifukwa ndalamazo kwa malo zinyalala likuoneka pafupi ndi Dziko Lapansi makina ndi zipangizo zina oyambitsa, ndi zinthu zonse zachilengedwe padzikoli.

Lero, anayamba potsata njira zosiyanasiyana kuchotsa danga otsika-Earth kanjira. Mmodzi wa olimbikitsa kwambiri yogwira zakuthambo "kukolola", membala wa Johnson Space Center Hyères-Chu Liu limalimbikitsa anzake atumiza oyera-Earth danga kampeni lonse. Iye mokhutiritsa ananena kuti vutoli unordinary zimafuna khama kwambiri ndi ndalama kulibe m'dziko limodzi. Asayansi amati ntchitoyi kwa deta ndi kutaya zinyalala angakhale kwenikweni zovuta mavuto luso ndi bungwe, ndi kukhazikitsa - mmodzi wa kupambana wamkulu wa anthu.

malingaliro

Pa ntchito inalongosola kuchotsa pafupi-Earth danga kukumana zosiyanasiyana zimene mungachite kuti kuthetsa vuto. Izi zikuphatikizapo kamangidwe, ofanana maukonde nsomba ndi akufanana ndi sopo kuwira. Monga njira kulimbana ndi zinyalala kuchotsera laser mfuti. Hyères-Chu Liu limati kusankha njira makamaka kwa kukhazikitsa pulogalamu zikudalira pa malo oyamba, omwe koma kuti kufotokozedwa. Kuopsa kwambiri, malinga ndi asayansi, ndi makombo waukulu. kuwerengetsera kuyambirira zikusonyeza kuti kwa mofulumira ndi kothandiza yoyeretsa malo pafupi dziko ayenera kuchotsedwa zisanu maofesi amenewa pachaka.

Lero, zinyalala akupitiriza kukuzungulira mu otsika Earth kanjira, naonekera kuopseza lingathe makina ntchito ndi Launch maroketi. ntchito zambiri kuyeretsa malo ozungulira dziko lathuli, ndi pansi chitukuko. Choncho, n'zotheka kangapo mu uthenga ndi inadutsa mauthenga za zinthu, monga J002E3. Komabe, chidwi kukula kwa vuto zamusorevaniya kanjira zikusonyeza kuti miyeso zofunika posachedwapa kumwedwa.