Irises: tizirombo ndi matenda. tizilombo Control

Wamaluwa osati kusamala conductive kupewa matenda analandira mwa zomera matenda, zokolola otsika ndi nthaka zakhudzana. Ngati utsi mbande, maluwa, zitsamba ndi mitengo yonse masabata 2-3, ndiye adzapulumutsa gawo zikuluzikulu tsoka - matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga irises ndi mankhwala - izo ndi funso molondola prophylaxis kapena kusapezeka ake.

bacteriosis

Ngakhale kuti ankatsutsidwa wachibale matenda, maluwa irises, matenda ndi tizilombo toononga ndi owopsa kwambiri chifukwa Mbali a kuswana zomera, nthawi zina matenda. Zazikulu zomwe ndi zoopsa izi matenda mitundu ndi bakiteriya choipitsa.

Ndi chifukwa cha bakiteriya Erwinia carotovora, amene kukhazikika mu lonyowa ndi chakudya chambiri mizu, kuwachititsa kuvunda.

Kwambiri kawirikawiri nthaka chinyezi, ndi kuchuluka kwa organic nkhani, wandiweyani munda, ambiri a mitundu akale zingawononge irises. Tizirombo ndi matenda zimapezeka pamene mwini malo amaiwala malamulo yosavuta kusamalira maluwa - kuthirira akamavutika, kupatulira ndi zolimbitsa ntchito zinthu organic.

Zizindikiro za bacteriosis:

• mizu kukhala yofewa;
• mizu akusinthika mu "nsima" ndi chinthu chosangalatsa fungo;
• "Zimakupiza" masamba kuguluka.

Mwatsoka, kwambiri kuonongeka irises, tizirombo ndi matenda amene anachititsa mpaka kalekale kuwonongeka kosamugonjera chithandizo. Izi ndi zoona mu nkhani ya matenda bakiteriya chimene chimayanga mofulumira kwambiri pa kutentha kwa madigiri +13 kuti +17. Zomera ayenera anapambulwa pa rhizomes adakali wathanzi ndi kutentha.

Nkofunika kukumbukira kuti odwala irises Mulimonsemo sangathe ntchito chifukwa composting, ndipo mu nkhani ya kugonjetsedwa amphamvu nthaka wathanzi complexion tikulimbikitsidwa kuti kumuika kuti malo atsopano.

Chithandizo, kupewa zosayembekezereka wa bacteriosis

Mwamsanga pamene chisanu chimasungunula, m'pofunika kufufuza irises. Chitetezo tizirombo ndi matenda amayamba ndi kuonetsetsa outflow wa madzi Sungunulani, ngati pali Mwachibadwa mu makama maluwa. M'nyengo yozizira, monga Manga ndi kuteteza matenda ntchito irises mizu kuzizira. Rhizomes kuonongeka ndi chisanu, poyamba pa ngozi ya matenda Koma awonongedwe.

Kukachitika kuti si kuwononga muzu Bacteriosis kwathunthu kudula malo okha anakhudzidwa ndi mabakiteriya ndi odulidwa afewetsedwa kapena wanzeru wobiriwira phulusa ndi kuzitikita mu iwo. Ntchito imeneyi ikuchitika pamaso maluwa.

Komanso prophylactically kuti sprayed masamba urea yothetsera, wothira 12% sulfure. Pa kumuika pa rhizomes achinyamata akulimbikitsidwa kugwira kwawo mu njira ya permanganate potaziyamu kwa mphindi 15-20 chifukwa decontamination.

zowola yonyowa

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga irises ndi kumenyana nawo - m'malo nkhani zovuta. Zikukhudza osati mizu, komanso masamba. Pamaso pa matenda monga zowola yonyowa, Tingaone pamene chomera masamba anayamba kukula bulauni ndipo adzauma. Pa Iris chomwecho mizu ndi anawombera mkati kuti si noticeable kuchokera kunja.

M'madzi zowola amakhudza maluwa ndi kubweza chitukuko cha Iris osati komanso gladioli, tulips ndi hyacinths. bakiteriya limeneli limapezeka mu manyowa nthaka, zomwe manyowa. Pofuna kupewa kuipitsidwa, asanadzalemo irises (toononga ndi matenda pamene iwo yayikulu) woyesedwa mu potaziyamu permanganate njira kwa mphindi 30. Wokwanira kuti apereke supuni theka la mankhwala malita 0.5 a madzi m'munsi pomwepo kenaka ndi etch izo.

Fusarium

Oopsa kwa Iris ndi imvi nkhungu (Fusarium), kumene kumakhudza mizu ndi zomera masamba. Pankhaniyi, masamba kuonekera imvi ❖ kuyanika, imbaenda lawola ndi lifotabe. Kayamba amakhudza zowola youma, kumene kumachitika chifukwa okhutira mkulu asafe, kotero kudyetsa nthaka ndi feteleza mchere, m'pofunika kuti mosamalitsa kutsatira mlingo.

Molondola anasankha ankafika malo adzakhala kupewa wabwino wa matenda. Ndi tizirombo irises, ndi mankhwala sadzakhala mpaka kalekale kuwononga lonse maluwa bedi, ngati inu kuika maluwa pa okwera achilengedwe, kapena pa mabedi anakweza unmade.

Watengera bowa chigamba cha kuipitsidwa nthaka akhoza kukhala ponena za dziko lonse pafupi ndi nyumba, ngati inu kudula ndi kumuika odwala ali kale Iris tubers. Bowa amakhalabe nthaka pamene zinthu zabwino (chinyezi, kutentha + 12-17 madigiri) kuonongeka zomera ozungulira.

Chizindikiro cha matendawa - ndi zikamera mawanga imvi pa pomwepo kenaka lapansi. Thupi pansi amakhala zofiirira ndi friable, ndipo mkati mizu ndi wakuda. Chifukwa chitetezo cha irises (tizirombo ndi matenda pamene kumbuyo) pamaso kubzala ayenera kulandira chithandizo ndi sulphate mkuwa kapena bicarbonate wa koloko 5% mphamvu.

Njira ina zovuta kupewa - ndi processing zipangizo munda pamaso ntchito.

Geterosporioz

Izi ndi mafangasi matenda a masamba. Iwo amayamba ndi bowa Heterosporium iridis ndi Mycosphaerella macrospora. Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga wa irises bearded wa mtundu uwu kumachitika, makamaka pa masamba akulu ndi apamwamba.

Iwo amaoneka mawanga imvi woyera ndi malire chikasu, amene, monga kukula kwa bowa ndi likuthandiza kwambiri tsamba pamwamba mpaka kuphimba chitsamba lonse.

Popewa kuti sprayed ndi fungicides ndi irises oversaturate phosphorous nthaka ndi potaziyamu. Ndi isanayambike matenda tikulimbikitsidwa kusiya ndi kuwotcha masamba matenda ndi kupopera ikuchitika kamodzi pa sabata ndi pambuyo mvula.

Botrytis ndi dzimbiri

Irises nthawi zambiri anakhudzidwa ndi matenda a mafangasi. Mwachitsanzo, Botrytis chifukwa ziwiri basi nkhungu - Botrytis convoluta ndi Sclerotium rolfsii. Iwo akhoza kukhala mu rhizomes yosayenera kusungidwa mu zikhalidwe za chinyezi mkulu ndi mpweya osauka.

Ngati chomera zakuthupi kudzala, ndiye pa zosayembekezereka wa bowa mvula anayamba kuchulukitsa mofulumira, kuononga zomera kwathunthu ndi kumenyana oyandikana nawo zikhalidwe.

Pakuti kupewa delentsy ziyenera kusungidwa pa zinthu zabwino ndi unazokotedwa mu njira ya kalasi triazole fungicide.

tsamba zithunzi

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga irises ndi mankhwala si kukayankha matenda a mafangasi. Zomera komanso timakhala mavairasi. Odziwika florist zithunzi tsamba, imene kukhala lachikasu wobiriwira ndi youma mwamsanga.

Kuonongeka masamba ayenera yomweyo kusiya ndi moto, ndi chitsamba utsi 0.2% njira ya oxychloride zamkuwa ndi mankhwala "Ridomil Gold".

Kanthu matenda a mitundu, muyenera bwinobwino iwo chifukwa chojambula maluwa. Ngati iwo mabanga kapena ngati anasungunuka kuwala mitundu - zauve kuzimiririka, mbewu anakhudzidwa ndi HIV.

Kupewa ndikofunikira pamaso lililonse yokonza m'munda ntchito mankhwala zipangizo, ndi utsi fungicides m'dera ndi kukonzamo namsongole.

Nsabwe, nematodes ndi kachilomboka bronzovik

irises ambiri, matenda ndi tizilombo toononga (chithunzi umboni) kuti nthawi zambiri zimakhudza mizu, akudwala tizilombo yaing'ono - napusaki, amene kukhazikika mu axils tsamba. Iwo kudya kuyamwa selo, kuchititsa Choncho mapindikidwe awo. napusaki kwambiri ngati Siberia ndi Iris Japanese zosiyanasiyana, koma sanyoza ndi "bearded" mitundu.

Monga woyamwa tizilombo iwo "kupambana" mbewu, masamba kutembenukira zofiirira ndi kufota, ndipo mizu yokutidwa ndi zofiirira mawanga.

Kuyambira napusaki angapulumutse kupopera emulsion Malathion (10%) pa lita imodzi ya madzi 10 ga emulsion wa 75-90. Zokolola ayenera sprayed kamodzi pa sabata.

Nematodes - yaing'ono translucent mphutsi amene saopa chisanu. Atakhala pansi ndi mbewu masamba ndi isanayambike kutentha adamulowetsa. Awo alipo "stiletto" -hobotkom iwo kubaya ndi khungu la tsamba kudya selo kuyamwa ake. Mu pepala puncture akutembenukira zofiirira ndi kufa.

Opatsirana nematode zambiri munda zipangizo, namsongole ndi madzi a mvula. Mwadongosolo Kupalira kutichitira 10% formalin njira ndi mndandanda wa nthaka steaming matenda tipewe pamaso kubzala.

kafadala Large wobiriwira, kufika kutalika kwa masentimita 2, anatchula mu chafer anthu. Iwo adamulowetsa ndi mapeto a May ndipo zimauluka minda pofufuza mungu, osati kunyalanyaza yowawitsa maluwa irises. Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga irises ndi mankhwala - zimene florist ayenera kudziwa wapadera. Pamene kuwukira bronzovok mitundu chithandizo akuyamba ndi kupopera "Kinmiksomom" mbewu zochokera 2.5 g pa 1 lita imodzi ya madzi.

Ngati nsikidzi si ochuluka kwambiri, iwo akhoza amatengedwa ndi dzanja ndi maluwa kupewa njira kutsitsi phulusa.

Nsabwe ndi slugs

Pa maluwa ukufalikira adamulowetsa tizilombo ambiri kuti Sizilowana ndi irises. Tizirombo ndi matenda pamene maluwa zomera akuwononga mizu osati ndi masamba, koma maluwa. Mwachitsanzo, nsabwe amasonkhana masamba ndi "woyamwa" moyo wa zomera, kuwadyetsa iwo madzi.

Popeza aphid wachulukitsa mofulumira, mbewu kanthawi akhoza kutayika kwathunthu. Popewa izi, m'pofunika utsi mitundu kuonongeka 0,3% Malathion emulsion kapena 15% ya kapangidwe phosphamide.

Ngati dzanja si mankhwala kuti agwirizane ndi yankho la koloko phulusa (0.5%) ndi Kuwonjezera wa sopo. Njira ina kuteteza zomera nsabwe - ndi Kupalira zonse.

Slugs moyo mu gawo m'munsi masamba mu zigawo chapamwamba nthaka. Masana iwo kubisala, zokwawa kunja kudzadya pa usiku. Iwo kudya masamba ndi rhizomes kudya kutali M'mimbamo lonse. Tima kuswana mu nthawi mvula pa + 18-20 madigiri.

Mu mawonekedwe a kupewa angathe kuchitidwa kukumba kwambiri dziko lapansi ndi chiwonongeko cha masamba chaka chatha. Ndi slugs akhoza kuchotsedwa wowerengeka mankhwala - decoction a mitundu tsabola kutsitsi zowawa ndi mitengo pafupi-kukula.

Land amaliona ndi chisakanizo cha phulusa ndi laimu ndi fumbi fodya. Komanso, wamaluwa ambiri msampha kwa slugs - anakumba mu nthaka ndi madzi mbale. Pamene iwo kulowa mu mbale, kuledzera, izo sangathenso kuthawa. Mpaka kuwawononga ndi kutsanulira madzi abwino.

Scoops ndi crickets Mole

Gulugufe mbozi cutworm kuwononga irises mkati, gnawing ndikuyenda lonse tsinde la mbewu. Koposa zonse amakonda m'madera lonyowa, kotero-kukhetsa nthaka - ndi prophylactic. Izo analimbikitsanso kumasula dothi pakati pa mizere ndi kupha udzu, makamaka pa dzira kuika.

umapangitsa matenda ndi tizilombo toononga irises Bordeaux osakaniza, womwe wapangidwa wa osakaniza sulphate mkuwa ndi laimu mkaka. Ntchito ayenera kuti ukufalikira maluwa.

Ngati mphindi chinatayika ndipo panali mayendedwe, iwo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti utsi wa decoction wa hellebore Lobel.

Medvedkov ndi mphamvu za nsagwada, zomwe iwo kudziluma mizu ndi zimayambira. Irises (matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, chithunzi zikutsimikiziridwa, nthawi zambiri zochepa oopsa kuposa tizilombo) kufa pansi njuchi zikukhazikitsa medvedok.

Kuwaononga mungathe, ntchito nyambo. Pakuti ichi makilogalamu 1 tirigu ankaphika, anawonjezera kuti izo 30 ga mafuta ndi 50 g wa Malathion ndi wosakaniza bwino. Wokwanira kukumba osakaniza anali masentimita 5 pansi kapena jostle mu kamakumba una awo.

wireworms

Wireworms otchedwa mphutsi za kafadala pitani, amene amakhala mu zone muzu wa mtundu. Irises, matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, mankhwala ndi kupewa zomwe kawirikawiri amadalira khalidwe kukumba ndi tithe kumvetsa kumasulira nthaka, akhoza kupewa zambiri "Thanzi" mavuto ngati nyakulima amaika khama zokwanira. Kuchotsa wireworms m'nthaka tikulimbikitsidwa kuti amoniya anhydrous ndipo nthawi kupha udzu.