Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich Romanov: yonena, banja, tithe asilikali ndi maudindo

History, zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito dzina la m'bale wam'ng'onoyo Nicholas II, ndi amatikumbutsa ndi yonthunthumilitsa weniweni, womwenso zinthu za absurdity weniweni. angapo a mbiri yakale amakhulupirira kuti Grand Duke Mikhail Romanov alidi otsiriza Russian autocrat. Ngakhale nyengo Soviet zonse za izo adalipo kuti kumbukirani. Mu West, iwo canonized ... The tsogolo la Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich Romanov Adzaperekedwa nkhaniyi.

agoge

Mikhail Romanov anabadwa mu chiyambi cha dzinja, wachiwiri mu 1878. Iye - mwana wamng'ono wa Alexander III. Ndi motsatizana mpando wachifumu Russian, iye ankaona wachitatu. Woyamba anali tsogolo Mfumu Nicholas II ndi George.

Young Mihail ros amphamvu ndi ochenjera mnyamata. Kuyambira ndili mwana wakhala mokhudza za kavalo-kukwera, kusaka, masewera ndi zisudzo. Patapita nthawi, zokonda izi adaonjezeredwa kuyendetsa galimoto ndi chidwi ndi ndege.

Malinga Maulendo a, Michael anali bwino waulemu, odzichepetsa komanso ngakhale manyazi. Komanso, iwo anali odabwitsa ndi demokarase. Ndiko kuti, nthawi zina ankakonda kucheza ndi akuthandizeni wake, osati achibale.

Iye sanapereke ndalama alibiretu mtengo. Pankhaniyi, iye ankaona olemera pakati pa akalonga kwambiri.

Ndi lalikulu, iye analeredwa ndi ovuta pamalo pafupifupi wovutika. Atate - Mfumu ya Russia, ndi Maria Feodorovna, mkazi wa Alexander III wa, napita naye "popanda kufooka ndi maganizo." Iye anali kutsatira ulamuliro mosamala tsiku, womwe unakhazikitsidwa ndi makolo. Iye ankagona pa machira minda wamba. Atadzuka, ndinatenga osambira ozizira ndi kudya kadzutsa oatmeal wamba.

Tsiku lililonse, ndithu, iye anaphunzira nkhani zosiyanasiyana. Prince analinso nawo mapemphero ndi kuchita kupita kwa achibale. Mwachibadwa, iye anachita nawo zochitika boma.

Koma royals onse njira ya utumiki kwa Lathu anali yekhayo amene Michael pobadwa anapatsidwa kwa osankhika ndi yapamwamba Preobrazhensky Regiment. Patapita zaka, chinalembedwa mu gulu cuirassier, ndiyeno anali kupita mmodzi wa squadrons wa Regiment "Blue cuirassiers."

wolowa

Atatsala pang'ono zochitika izi pa kuyenda pa njinga anafa mwadzidzidzi mmodzi wa abale achikulire, Michael George. Chifukwa cha imfa yake inali kuukira kwa TB. Mwa njira, patsogolo pa njira ya zochitika Mwachitsanzo: pokumbukira iye mng'ono Patapita dzina la mwana wake mwana ...

Atamwalira George Michael mwadzidzidzi anakhala wolowa ku Mpandowachifumu, chifukwa banja la Mfumu Nicholas II nthawi kuti analibe mwana wamwamuna.

Michael analandira mbali ina ya cholowa cha m'bale womwalirayo. Kuphatikizapo chuma chake Panopa chuma chachikulu ndi Brasov kuti mu Bryansk.

mfundo yofunika: George anagwira mutu wa "korona kalonga", koma Michael sanapeze udindo. Ndipotu mfundo imeneyi kwachititsa miseche kwa Russian Tsar. Nthawi zambiri, E nkhaniyi anali Maria Feodorovna, mkazi wa Alexander III wa, ndi Dowager Mfumukazi ndi gulu la nduna zake.

Komabe, zoona, izi zonse zinthu olimbika Kuphwanya ndi mwachilungamo zovuta kufotokoza. chenicheni ndi mkazi wa autocrat Russian ankayembekezera kuti mwana wake ikuonekabe. Ndipo pamene, mu 1904, izo zachitika, Michael watha wolowa. Koma tsopano iye anali mutu wa "wolamulira wa dziko." Kutanthauza zinali kuti Grand Duke kungakhale amenewa, ngati mfumu sukufuna ayi. Ndipo, motero, monga Mikhail mutu angathe kugwiritsa bola ngati mwana Mfumu yakhala zaka ambiri.

chikondi makona

Dziwani, ndi autocrat ndi Michael anali silikuyenda bwino kwambiri ndi zovuta ubwenzi. Ndipo zambiri amakula pamene Grand Duke anaganiza kuganiza ukwati morganatic ndi Natalia Vulfert. Pakuti chikondi cha izo zoona, anakana wachifumu Russian.

Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich Romanov anakumana mkazi wakeyu kwa mmodzi wa mapwando. Pa nthawiyi, Natalia anali mkazi wa mkulu Gatchina Regiment Vladimir Vulfert. Mwa njira, kalonga wamkulu anachita monga woyang'anira kagulu kathu ka izi. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, pamaso Natalia anali mwamuna wa wina.

Chirichonse chomwe icho chinali, anayamba chibwenzi torrid pakati mkulu ndi mkazi wake, kapitawo. maubwenzi amenewa apanga maso kwenikweni anzake. Pa dzanja limodzi, anachititsa chidwi chenicheni. Koma ena - nsanje. Mgwirizano okonda ntchito chifukwa chakuti mkulu ndi mkazi wake Natalia akadadziwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Iwo pamodzi mwakhama amakonda kujambula.

Patapita nthawi, mphekesera za nkhaniyi ndipo anadza kwa mfumu. Iye sanakhutire ndi gossips awa kuzungulira mng'ono wake. Chifukwa, Michael anali m'manja lamulo la unit asilikali, kenako anapita ku Mphungu. Iye anakhala mtsogoleri wa Chernigov Hussars. Izi zinachitika mu 1909.

Ndi nthawi iyi, Michael wokondedwa komabe anali wokwatira dona. Iye anakwatira mu mpingo. Pa nthawi yomweyo anali ndi pakati mwa Grand Duke. Koma maufulu kuno kuti ana tsogolo anangokhala Vulfert msilikali, mwamuna wa Natalia.

chimodzi chokha mwezi asanabadwe mwana woyamba zinthu zayamba kusintha. Ndi chilolezo cha Mfumu ndi zolembedwa zonse za kusudzulana unasamutsidwira Synod Woyera kuti amuone. Chifukwa, m'chilimwe cha 1910 Natalia ndi Vladimir unasiya kukhala mwamuna ndi mkazi. Patapita milungu ingapo anafika woyamba, ndipo Michael - mwana George.

Zotsatira za ukwati

Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich Romanov mbiri ndi zonse zochitika chidwi akhala adayesetsa mchimwene wake polola kuti akwatire wake wokondedwa. Koma autocrat Russian anaumirirabe ndipo anati iye anachita sangathe kupereka chilolezo chake. Ndi chachikulu, iwo anali pa zifukwa zabwino kwambiri. Mfundo Natalia anali noblewoman yosavuta, izo alibe udindo. Komanso, iye wakhala m'banja kawiri. Koma ambiri Chofunika, lithe wakhala mpingo.

Komabe, Michael anatsimikiza. Mu 1912, okonda anali adakali kukwatiwa. Anasonkhana mobisa mu mipingo ing'onoing'ono Austria.

Mfumu anakwiya ndipo anayesera mwakukhoza kwake kuteteza ukwati wawo. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, iye anayambitsa limagwirira misonkhano mkati ndi zamtendere. Iwo amanena kuti zinthu izi zonse kovuta chifukwa chakuti Alexandra Feodorovna, mkazi wa mfumu, moona adawopa chiwembu pa mbali ya Grand Duke. Iye ankaopa kuti Michael amayesetsa kulanda Nicholas kuchokera kumpando wachifumu.

Chirichonse chimene chinali, mu nkhondo imeneyi, Grand Duke anali wopambana. Koma pano pali zotsatira za kusiyana akhala zoopsa chifukwa iye. Choyamba, iwo anasiya kukhala wolamulira, kuti ndi regent. Kachiwiri, iye anachotsedwa posts onse ndi maudindo. Popeza TH 1901 - si membala wa bungwe State. Kachitatu, malo onse a Grand Duke anali pansi sequestration. Ndipo chachinayi, iye sanali analoledwa kubwerera kwawo. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, banja la kalonga anasankha kukhala Europe.

kubwerera

Uthenga wa mliri wa First World nkhondo anapeza Michael mu UK. Nthawi yomweyo anaganiza kalata kwa mchimwene wake, kumene iye anapempha chilolezo kuti abwerere kwawo. Ngakhale ubwenzi amakhumudwa, mfumu anapereka mwayi kwa Grand Duke kubwera kwa Russia. Ndipo patapita kanthawi, Michael anthu ambiri otchuka Wild Division. mugawo ili pa nthawi, kumenyana patsogolo Chigalashiya. nkhondo kalonga anali kupereka kwa George Cross wa digirii wachinayi.

Panthawi imeneyi mkazi Natalia anatha kukonza kuchipatala, zomwe zinali zochokera mu Nyumbayi mwamuna wake. Nyumbayi Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich wotchedwanso Alekseevskii yachifumu. Iye anayamba kupanga kumbuyo mu 1883. Prince Michael ankafuna kuti iye anayang'ana ngati Chateau French.

Komanso, Grand Duke ndalama wakhala zinapangidwa "sitima kuchipatala."

chiyanjanitso

Mu 1915, a autocrat Russian zopita ku chiyanjanitso komaliza ndi Michael. Choncho, Natalia Nikolai anapereka mutu wa kuwerengedwa. Iye anakhala wotchuka Brasova. Kumene, mwana wake George ndinalandira dzina limenelo. Komanso, anamuzindikira ndi mfumu. George mwalamulo anakhala mphwake. Ngakhale kuti analibe ufulu wachifumu. Koma tsopano atate wake Michael, iye anali mmodzi wa wapafupi kwa Russian wachifumu munthu.

zaka khumi ndi zisanu kenako, lokongolali ndi chidwi mnyamata anafa kuvulala analandira pa ngozi ya galimoto.

Tikabwerera pang'ono m'mbuyo zochitika za nkhondo, ananena kuti nthawi imeneyi, Michael anayamba kukhala ndi kope. zojambulidwa izi anachita mpaka imfa yake yamwadzidzidzi. Zolemba za Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich Romanov linasindikizidwa posachedwapa.

Fronde

Kumapeto kwa 1916 ena madona chachikulu asankha zimatsutsana ndi woyenera kukhala mfumu. demarches awo m'gulu mbiri dziko monga "Kalonga Fronde."

Iwo anafuna kuchotsa m'manja boma si munthu wokalamba Rasputin, koma Mfumukazi. iwo anali kupita kulowa choncho. N. "Akule utumiki."

Grand Duke Mihail Aleksandrovich, mbale wa mfumu yomaliza, anali akudziwa kale za kusiyana pakati pa Romanovs. Ndipo pamene Rasputin anaphedwa, iye sanali kulemba kalata limodzi ndi achibale ake, omwe zionetsero ndi zochita zokhudza tsogolo la Dmitri Pavlovich. The Grand Duke anali nawo anam'chitira chiwembu mkuluyu.

Mwa chidule, Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich Romanov konse chiwembu m'bale wake wamkulu. Komanso masiku amenewo, iye anali kale kwambiri ndi mfumu. Komabe, maubwenzi amenewa ndayesera kuti agwiritse ntchito andale ambiri ndi atsogoleri a asilikali. Komanso, ambiri a m'nthawi yake ananena za udindo wa mkazi Michael. okonzera zake wakhala ngati malo amene si kokha liberalism, komanso kuika patsogolo mfumu waukulu wachifumu.

Manifesto wa Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich

Michael anali mu Gatchina kuti anaswa February zisinthe. Nicholas antchito ndipo m'malo ndi mng'ono. Pakuti m'nthawi zambiri candidacy wake wachifumu chinkaoneka yekha ndi wabwino kwambiri kuti chitukuko dziko.

chiwerengero A mayunitsi asilikali kale anayamba kulumbira Michael II. Koma kalonga yekha panopa sindikufuna pachiswe. Mu ankhondo, abdication wake umatulutsa kumafooketsa.

Wandale Miliukov anayesa kumukopa osaleka mphamvu. Iye anaitanidwa monarchists onse kusiya likulu kumpoto ndi m'magulu Moscow.

Komabe, tsiku lotsatira, pambuyo zokambirana yaitali, Kalonga anafalitsa "Manifesto wa Michael." Pepala inanena kuti mkulu anali wofunitsitsa komabe mwina n'kulolera wachifumu. Koma zisanachitike, kuti msonkhano ndi msonkhano wa Constituent, umene mwamantha ndi mavoti otchuka kwa motsatizana.

Nthawi ya mphamvu wapawiri

Pakali pano, Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich Romanov anafika ku chosintha Petrograd. Iye anapitiriza satenga mbali zandale, koma boma latsopano kukumbukira linakhalapo.

The Grand Duke anali kuyesera kuti mupeze chilolezo kusamuka. Iye amafuna kusuntha kwa UK. Komabe, boma la Kerensky, ndi Bolsheviks, ndi akuluakulu a British kuti anatsutsa pempholi.

Ndipo pamene iye ulesi Kornilov, Michael anaikidwa m'ndende panyumba. M'ndende ichi iye anamuchotsa mapeto a September 1917. Pa nthawiyi, nduna zinamupatsa kupita ku Crimea. Koma pambuyo zochitika onsewa, zokhala ku Russia ndipo anapita Gatchina.

chiwawa

Pa nthawiyi n'kuti October 1917 kulanda boma, ndi Bolsheviks anatenga mphamvu. Patapita nthawi iwo inasokonekera Assembly Constituent, ndi pa mavoti otchuka sanali funso.

Pa nthawi iyi, Grand Duke Mikhail Romanov adakali Gatchina. Mu March 1918, latsopano proletarian mphamvu anamutumiza Perm.

Poyamba, "ufulu kuyenda" Michael kanthu zinali zochepa za mu mzindawu. Koma patapita kanthawi alonda chitetezo anakhazikitsa kuyang'aniridwa pa iye. Ndipo mu June chaka chomwecho usiku, Bolsheviks anaba izo ku hotelo ndi ku nkhalango ndi kuwombera ...

Kwa nthawi yaitali, mfundo atapha kukhala chinsinsi. Ndipo panali pepala mwambo kuti Grand Duke amakhala Omsk mu July mu Perm magaziniyo. Malinga ndi ofalitsa nkhani amva anatsogolera opanduka a Siberia ...

onyenga

Pa nthawi imeneyo komabe analibe chitsimikizo cha boma cha imfa ya Grand Duke. Information za kuphedwa kwa Nicholas II inafalitsidwa mu Mabaibulo onse. Koma tsoka la Mikhail sakumudziwa. Choncho, kutineneza izi spawned mphekesera za tsogolo la autocrat analephera. Panali onyenga amene anafunsa iye. Mulimonsemo, chotero "Michael" otchulidwa wotchuka wolemba Alexander Solzhenitsyn. Ena anali otsimikiza kalonga kwenikweni anapulumuka ndipo kubisala pansi pa dzina la Bishop Seraphim Pozdeyeva. Enanso amanena kuti iye wapulumutsidwa, ndipo mwawaona mu Kiev.

Chirichonse chimene chinali, mu 2009 Mikhail Romanov inali yololedwa asintha khalidwe lawo. Ndi funso kaya talingalirani Iye otsiriza Russian mfumu Michael II wa, amakhalabe adakali maganizo.