Gingerbreads Persian ndi uchi: Chinsinsi ndi chithunzi. Chinsinsi cha uchi cha gingerbread ndi chosavuta

Kwa nthawi yaitali aliyense amadziŵa zokoma ngati gingerbread. Zikuoneka ku Russia wakale m'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chinayi. Kenaka gingerbreads ankaperekedwa monga mawonekedwe a ufa wa ufa ndi uchi, ndipo madzi a mabulosi ankagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama. Iwo anali ophweka kwambiri, mwinamwake, okoma okoma, chifukwa zomwe uchi mwa iwo zinali pafupifupi makumi asanu peresenti.

Dzina la gingerbread linachokera kuti?

Mbalame yamagetsi idatchulidwa kale osati monga lero. Ankatchedwa mkate wa uchi. Tsopano dzina lakuti "honey gingerbread" ndilofala, zithunzi zomwe zingapezenso m'malo ambiri. Kawirikawiri, anayamba kutchedwa gingerbread kwinakwake m'zaka za m'ma 1200. Ichi chinali chakuti iwo anayamba kuwonjezera zonunkhira zochulukirapo, chifukwa cha zomwe zinali ndi fungo labwino. Kotero, mpaka lero, gingerbread chizindikiro ichi chikuwoneka kuti ndi chachikulu.

Mitundu ya Gingerbreads Persian ndi uchi ndi zakudya zamakono zokhala ndi zonunkhira zambiri. Zakudya zamakono za ku Russia zimaphatikizapo, nthawi zambiri, zinthu monga cloves, sinamoni, cardamom, lemon peel, buckthorn, tsabola ya Jamaican, anise, nutmeg, timbewu tonunkhira, ginger. Kuonjezera apo, nthawi zina pokonzekera zinthu zimenezi, matsulo, vanilla ndi coriander amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kupanga gingerbread

Zina zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gingerbread ndi syrup (confantery syrup (zakuda ndi zoyera), shuga ya caramelized ndi uchi, yomwe ndi gawo la mapulogalamu ambiri a gingerbread. Muzinthu zina zofanana ndi zopanikizana, zosiyanasiyana zouma zipatso, jujube ndi kupanikizana. Amachita monga kukhuta kapena kugwirana pakati pa malo odzola gingerbread kapena amawonjezeranso mwachindunji ku mtanda womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Ngati simukumbukira zigawo zonse zapamwambazi, mtanda womwewo, womwe umapangidwa kuchokera ku Persian gingerbread, siwopadera. Monga lamulo, zopangidwa zake zazikulu zimaphatikizapo ufa ndi madzi okha. Ndipo mwa mitundu yake yokha imaphatikizidwa mazira pang'ono ndi mkaka (nthawi zambiri imodzi kapena ziwiri yolks ndi galasi la mkaka pa kilogalamu ya ufa). Izi zimapanga ndi kumangirira gingerbread osati pogwiritsa ntchito ufa, madzi kapena mkaka ndi mazira, mwa kugwiritsa ntchito uchi, shuga ndi molasses.

Ndizimenezi zomwe zingathe kufotokozera zapadera za mankhwalawa, chifukwa palibe chifukwa chodikirira kuti mtanda ufike. Ndipotu sagwiritsira ntchito soda kapena ufa wosiyanasiyana wophika. Mwa iwo, monga lamulo, kawirikawiri mtundu wina wa madzi ulipo kawirikawiri. Nthawi zina mungathe kutsanulira theka lakaka wa mkaka ndi ufa wochuluka.

Kodi kuphika mkate wa ginger?

Konzani mtanda wa gingerbread sivuta konse. Kawirikawiri ndondomeko yonseyi imakhala muzithunzithunzi zogwirizana ndi zigawo zonse kulowa mu gingerbread ndi uchi. Chinsinsi (zonsezi zidagulidwa komanso zopangidwa ndi gingerbreads) zimasowa kwambiri.

Nthaŵi zambiri, muyenera kuphika ma cookies a gingerbread panthaŵi imodzi, ndipo nthawi zina, mwachitsanzo, kwa mankhwala oledzera, mu magawo awiri. Koma kuti mugwetse mtanda wa gingerbread mu misa yambiri yofanana, muyenera kuyesetsa mwamphamvu ndikusokoneza zosakaniza. Zotsatira za mtanda ziyenera kukhala bwino padded, makamaka pankhani ya zidutswa zingapo za kilogalamu. Ndiye amafunika "kupumula" pafupi maminiti khumi ndi asanu.

M'masiku akale, otchedwa "breadbread" anathyoledwa kuchokera ku mtanda umodzi umodzi. Zinali zosatheka kufanana ndi dzanja limodzi, choncho nthawi zambiri ankanyansidwa ndi kuthandizidwa ndi matabwa apadera a matabwa ndi kumenyedwa, chifukwa cha zomwe zidutswa za gingerbread zinatchulidwa.

Kusintha kwamakono kwa mayeso a gingerbread

Pakalipano, nthawi zina mumayeso a gingerbread, soda kapena baking ankagwiritsidwa ntchito monga ufa wophika. Poyambirira, muzaka zakuda za ku Russia, izi zophika ufazo nthawi zambiri zimakhala uchi kapena kirimu wowawasa, zomwe zinawonjezeredwa mu magawo ang'onoang'ono (mazana awiri magalamu pa kilo imodzi ya ufa). Pamodzi ndi uchi, udapatsa mphamvu, yomwe inkayenda ndi pang'ono, ndipo imamasula mtandawo. Imeneyi ndi yofooka kwambiri yotsegula mowonjezereka, imapanga kufunika kwa mtanda, komwe umapezeka ku Persian gingerbread ndi uchi.

Pakalipano, kugwiritsa ntchito shuga m'malo mwa uchi, komanso kuyambitsa zinthu zina zophika (mazira, mkaka, batala) mu ufa wa gingerbread pakamayendedwe kameneka kwachititsa kuti kusintha kwakukulu kukhale kosinthika. Panali mitundu yambiri ya mayeso.

Mitundu yamakono ya gingerbread

Inde, tsopano mankhwalawa amadziwika ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu. Kuti akwaniritse chisankho chachikulu chotere, zakudya zosiyana siyana ndi zonunkhira zinafunikira. Masiku ano, Tula, Rzhev, Moscow ndi Gorodets gingerbread ndi otchuka kwambiri . Komabe, nkotheka kuti mupeze chithandizo cha zisa za gingerbreads zosavuta.

Mu mtundu uliwonse wa kuphika kotere, pali ndithudi chigawo chofunikira. Zakuchi, mandimu, rye, timbewu ta tirigu, tirigu, tart, amondi, rasipiberi, shuga ndi zina zambiri. Kuphatikizanso, njira zowonjezera zamakono zophikira gingerbread, komanso maonekedwe awo amatha kumvetsanso, pogwiritsa ntchito mayina awo. Mwachitsanzo, yaiwisi, yosweka ndi yosindikizidwa, kapena yolembedwa, yolembedwa, yosindikizidwa ndi zina zotero.

Kwenikweni, zambiri za gingerbread zochokera kumwamba zili ndi mazira. Zingakhale zobiriwira, mwachitsanzo, pinki, ndi zoyera. Kuphatikizanso apo, ambiri a gingerbread ali ndi mpumulo wamatsenga.

Zomwe zimapangidwira

Kuwotchera mkate wamphongo ndi uchi wa Perisiya ukhoza kukhala njira ziwiri izi: kugwiritsa ntchito chophimba chosavuta komanso chenicheni. Choyamba chimapezeka mwa kusakaniza theka la kilogalamu ya shuga ndi madzi osakwanira. Sirasi iyi ya shuga imayambitsidwa, pamene ikutsatira mosamala kuchotsa thovu ndi zosafunika zina.

Kenaka, gingerbread imayikidwa mu chidebe chapadera chotetezedwa (pelvis chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito) mumodzi wosanjikiza ndipo pang'onopang'ono, imatsanulira pamwamba pa siritsi ya shuga. Pambuyo pake, iwo akusakanizidwa ndi supuni ya matabwa kotero kuti mdimawu umaphatikizapo mankhwalawa. Kenaka gingerbread imaikidwa pa pepala ndipo uvuni wouma kwa mphindi imodzi.

Njira yopezera malingaliro amasiku ano

Mtundu wachiwiri ndiwotchedwa glaze. Amapangidwa ndi kusakaniza magalamu mazana anayi a shuga, azungu asanu azungu, hafu ya madzi. Nthaŵi zina, utoto wapadera ndi zokometsera zamtundu wina monga zest zimaphatikizidwira ku glaze iyi. Zakudyazi zili ndi kukoma kokometsetsa, kotero lero lero ndikumangirira ndi uchi, njira yosavuta yomwe ingaganizidwe pansipa, ndi yotchuka kwambiri.

Pa kuphika shuga amasungunuka m'madzi ndipo anapitiriza kuphika mpaka ali ndi chizoloŵezi choyenera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati mutenga supuni ya shuga wotentha ndi kuzizira m'madzi, ziyenera kukhala ndi zowerengeka zofanana ndi zonona. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, muyenera kumenya mapuloteni ku thovu lakuda.

Kenaka, pang'onopang'ono komanso pang'onopang'ono, muyenera kutsanulira shuga wotentha mu agoloka ophika, omwe ayenera kupitiliza kumenya popanda kuima. Izi zingatheke ngati anthu awiri atengapo mbali. Pambuyo pake, dzira la shuga lothandiza shuga lopaka mafuta a gingerbread ndi kuwawotcha mu uvuni wokonzedweratu wokonzedweratu musanawoneke, koma moto suwuphatikizapo. Zokonzedwa bwino zopangidwa ndi Persian gingerbread, zophimbidwa ndi mazira, zimakhala zokongola, komanso zimakondweretsa kwambiri.

Chofufumitsa cha uchi

Imodzi mwa maphikidwe osavuta komanso ofala kwambiri a mankhwalawa akuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zigawo zotsatirazi:

- theka la kilogalamu ya ufa wa tirigu;

- zana limodzi la ufa wa rye;

- mazira awiri a dzira;

- kapu imodzi ya mkaka kapena kefir;

- Magalamu makumi awiri mphambu makumi awiri a kirimu wowawasa;

- theka la kilogalamu ya uchi;

- supuni imodzi ya shuga;

- supuni ya supuni ya sinamoni;

- makapisozi awiri a cardamom;

- mphukira zinayi za carnation;

- supuni ya supuni ya zitsamba zamadzimu

- theka la supuni ya supuni ya soda.

Chinsinsi chotero cha uchi chakumwa chaching'ono ndi zithunzi chingapezeke m'mabuku ambiri. Malinga ndi iye, uchi umaphika papepala yotentha ndi moto wofiira mpaka wofiira, pamene thovu limachotsedwa. Kenaka mbali ina yaphika ndi ufa wa rye, ndiye umasakanizidwa ndi uchi wotsalira. Pambuyo pake utakhazikika kutentha kutentha ndi kukwapulidwa ku mtundu woyera.

Shuga umasakanizidwa ndi yolks, mkaka umawonjezeredwa, ndipo ufa wa tirigu umasakanikirana ndi osakaniza. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kusakaniza ndi kusakaniza ndi zonunkhira phulusa.

Komanso chisakanizochi chikuphatikizapo uchi wosakaniza ndi kirimu wowawasa, amafunika kukwapulidwa bwino. Chotsatira cha mtanda chimayikidwa mu nkhungu kapena poto, yomwe ili ndi mafuta. Zosanjikiza zikhale zazikulu imodzi kapena ziwiri. Zopangidwazo zimaphikidwa pa moto wochepa kwa mphindi makumi awiri kapena makumi atatu. Pamapeto pake, chogwiritsira ntchito gingerbread chokonzekera chimadulidwa mu mawonekedwe ang'onoting'ono.

Pano pali njira yosavuta yopangira mkate wa ginger ndi uchi, womwe umakulolani kuti mupeze mankhwala okoma monga zotsatira.

Kukonzekera kotentha shuga

Kuti mupange shuga-zokometsera, muyenera kusakaniza shuga wandiweyani ndikuwutentha ndi kutentha kwakukulu ndi poto yaing'ono. Pankhaniyi, iyenera kuti ikhale yogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse mpaka atapezekanso chikasu chachikasu. Kenaka muyenera kuyatsa moto ndi kuyambitsa mpaka mutapeza mtundu wa beige kapena wofiirira. Komabe, shuga sayenera kuwotchedwa, chifukwa chotsatira, monga lamulo, fungo la caramel, osati garuyu. Kuti mukwaniritse izi, muyenera kuyendetsa ndikusintha moto. Mtundu wofiira wofiira umagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa ndi kupereka zonunkhira zabwino za caramel kuzinthuzi.

Mpaka pano, pali njira zambiri zokonzekera zokomazi, wina akhoza kusiyanitsa chophimba cha uchi wa gingerbreads kuchokera kosavuta.

Chofufumitsa cha uchi cha Lenten

Lero, pali maphikidwe ambiri a gingerbread kwa kukoma kulikonse. Uwu ndiwo mkate wachikumbutso waku Perisiya ndi uchi, ndi Tula, ndi Russian, ndi ena ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, kwa iwo omwe sadye muffin chifukwa cha kudya, kusala kapena zikhulupiriro zina, pali njira yomwe imakulolani kuti muyesere uchi wambiri:

• Uchi - magalasi angapo;
• Maluwa - magalasi asanu ndi awiri;
• Galasi - galasi limodzi;
• Madzi - magalasi atatu;
• Soda - pamwamba pa mpeni.

Kuti mupange zinthu zoterezi, muyenera kusakaniza madzi, shuga ndi uchi m'sukosi ndi kutentha kwa chithupsa. Kenaka chisakanizocho chizizizira pansi, ndipo pang'onopang'ono, muzigawo zing'onozing'ono, muyenera kutsanulira ufawo, mukamawombera nthawi zonse. Ndiye iyenera kukhala yotsalira kwa maminiti makumi atatu kuti uzizizira pang'ono. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kusakaniza soda yosungunuka mu mtanda wotsirizidwa ndipo musakhudze iyo kwa mphindi khumi. Izi ndizofunika kuti zitsimikizidwe bwino ndiyeno zikhale zitakulungidwa mophweka.

Tsopano mukhoza kutulutsa mtanda kuti mutenge kukula kwa masentimita imodzi ndi theka. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kupanga mafano ndi galasi kapena nkhungu. Pachigawo chotsatira, mukhoza kufalitsa gingerbread pa pepala lophika mozungulira motero kuti pali mtunda pakati pawo ndi kuwerenga masabata makumi awiri mu uvuni ndikuphika pa madigiri mazana awiri ndi makumi anayi. Chotsatira chake, mumapeza chokoma kwambiri cha gingerbread ndi uchi, maphikidwe ndi zithunzi zomwe mungathe kuziwona m'mabuku ambiri.

Kupanga teknoloji

Kuti mupange khungu la ginger lopweteka, muyenera kutsanulira shuga m'chitsime chaching'ono, ndikutsanulira ndi madzi pang'ono (theka la galasi). Kusakaniza ukuyenera kuphikidwa ndi kutentha kwakukulu, nthawi zonse kusakaniza ndi kuchotsa chithovu kuchokera pamenepo, mpaka madziwo atakwera. Kenako mukhoza kuwonjezera shuga kapena sinamoni kuti mulawe. Pambuyo pake, dikirani mpaka icing itakhazikika, ndipo mukhoza kuyang'ana mikateyo.

Chinsinsi ichi cha gingerbread ndi uchi chimatanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta glaze. Zing'onozing'ono zazikuluzikulu zowonjezera ginger zitha kupatsiridwa mokwanira mu poto ndi mankhwala onse, ndi zazikulu - zophimbidwa pamwamba ndi burashi. Pambuyo pa kugwiritsa ntchito mapepala a mkate wonyezimira ayenera kuikidwa pa pepala lophika ndipo zouma mu uvuni pamatha kutentha madigiri makumi asanu mpaka kutuluka kofiira koyera.

Pano pali njira yowonjezera komanso yachuma. Uchi woterewu sizongomasangalatsa, koma udzathandizanso. Pambuyo pake, mankhwalawa ali ndi zakudya zamtundu wapamwamba ndipo ali ndi zigawo zambiri zamagetsi. Choncho, lero, amayi ndi aluso ambiri amatha kupereka njira zawo zokhala ndi gingerbreads ndi zithunzi.