Galvanic ❖ kuyanika. Electroplating Technology. Electroplating

Galvanic ❖ kuyanika ndi njira ❖ kuyanika wa zitsulo mu njira zina za electrolysis. Ndondomeko ikuchitika ntchito njira ochiritsira kumiza. Pambuyo preconditioning izi matabwa dera akuvutika mu za plating kusamba, umene ndi capacitance ya insulator wodzala electrolyte ndipo anapereka ndi anodes (angakhale sungunuka ndi insoluble) ndi chipangizo kukhalabe kutentha ndi kuyambitsa njira.

malipiro processing

Kufala kwa DC kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti lamaliseche chigoba kumatenda ndi olumikizidwa kwa elekitirodi mbali ya bolodi ataphimbidwa ndi wosanjikiza faifi tambala kapena golide ena makulidwe. Yoyenera pamalo a anodes ndi amaonetsetsa kuti ❖ kuyanika makulidwe pafupifupi yunifolomu.

PCB golide plating nthawi anachita ntchito ndondomeko tsatane awiri. Choyamba, iwo amizidwa mu kusamba, mmene faifi tambala ya umagwiritsidwa ndi electroplating. Izi amagwiritsa mkulu panopa osalimba, umene njira acidic a wosanjikiza faifi tambala unayikidwa, ndi makulidwe a 0.05-0.1 microns. Izi zipangitsa guluu wolimba amphamvu faifi tambala ndi mkuwa, zomwe amachepetsa porosity wa ❖ kuyanika komanso kupewa malowedwe a mkuwa mu wosanjikiza golide. Pambuyo kutsuka ziwiya zambiri akusuntha mu gilding kusamba komwe mphamvu unapangidwa wosanjikiza golide kwa 0,5 mamita kuchokera electrolyte lapansi.

Electroplating ndi yokongola

Ngakhale kalelo panali ulemerero wa zitsulo luso. kupanga Modern zikusonyeza kuti awagawire katundu makamaka wa zitsulo pamwamba chithandizo galvanic ntchito. zokutira zoteteza zitsulo wolemekezeka akhoza analandira mwa mpweya wa zitsulo kwa brines anali mchikakamizo cha magetsi. Ndi zokutira izi ndi zotheka ndithu nthawi yayitali kukhala mtundu ndi luster zodzikongoletsera. Iwo samangokhala kuteteza kunachita mdima wa mankhwala, komanso ndi kupukuta kwambiri zotsatira. Mwachitsanzo, plating ndi golide kapena siliva amalola kalekale kuteteza mtundu ndi luster zodzikongoletsera.

Pali Kusiyana yosiyanasiyana ya ndondomeko imeneyi, omwe zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo ndi:

- chrome;

- mkuwa plating;

- nthaka;

- faifi tambala;

- chidebe-bismuth ❖ kuyanika;

- mankhwala makutidwe ndi okosijeni;

- mankhwala passivation;

- anodizing;

- electropolishing.

chromium-plating

Izi machulukitsidwe akakufunsani chromium zitsulo pamwamba kapena depositing pa ziwalo za nkhani wosanjikiza kuchokera electrolyte pansi zochita za magetsi. Pankhaniyi, electroplating lolunjika pa chitetezo dzimbiri ntchito yokongola kapena kuwonjezeka mlingo wa kuuma pamwamba. Plating makampani ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito yokongola. Pankhaniyi, cholinga chachikulu cha ndondomeko - yopatsa ndi zachitsulo pamwamba luster a wokongola zedi. Mwatsatanetsatane patsogolo ntchito chromium kuti wopukutidwa.

katundu ❖ kuyanika

Mwakhama chrome plating amakhala ndi kutentha kukana, mkulu avale kukana, wettability osauka, otsika mikangano, ndi otsika plasticity. Komanso, pamwamba amalandira katundu monga kukhazikika mu mawu a mikangano, kukhalabe olimba katundu kugawa, komanso kuipa kugwirizana ndi chiwonongeko mosavuta anaikira pansi katundu mantha. Plating chromium mu mawonekedwe a mkaka ali ndi digiri otsika kuuma ndi kuvala kukana, otsika porosity. pamwamba zimatetezedwa ku dzimbiri pokhalabe wokongola kukongoletsa maonekedwe.

Ntchito chrome makampani plating

Cholinga chachikulu chomwe ntchito makampani, ichi akupereka mfundo za katundu amenewa, monga kuchuluka kwake, kuchuluka kukaniza kuti dzimbiri ndi kuchepetsa mikangano. Monsemo mnjira, zitsulo Amakhala mpweya si pansi dzimbiri ndipo osati kuwonongedwa mu m'madzi ndi madzi wamba, asidi nitric. Galvanic ❖ kuyanika wa mtundu umenewu umatipatsa chakuti zolakwa zoonekeratu kukhala kwambiri chifukwa cha zimene zimafunika kuti processing zina, kuyambira mu nkhani iyi ziribe mphamvu mayikidwe.

copperplating

Ntchito mkuwa zokutira zogwirizana milandu anthu pamene chofunika kuonjezera madutsidwe magetsi, komanso ntchito zawo monga wosanjikiza wapakatikati pa mankhwala zitsulo musanagulitse waikamo chrome, faifi tambala kapena ❖ kuyanika ena. Choncho n'zotheka kupereka guluu wolimba komanso aluso atetezeke. Mkuwa plating zambiri osati ntchito ngati osiyana kapena zokongoletsera. Chifukwa zitsulo yogwira amatha kuteteza mapangidwe nsakali, mankhwala angagwiritsidwe ntchito mu mafuta ndi mpweya makampani.

Ntchito plating mkuwa

Zimenezi ntchito ❖ kuyanika zamkuwa mankhwala zitsulo kapena waya zitsulo. Nthawi zambiri, mtundu wa ❖ kuyanika ntchito kuteteza malo katundu zitsulo kwa simenti ndi kukonzedwa nthawi yomweyo poyera kuti malo amene akuyembekezeka kupititsa patsogolo processing ndi kudula.

Electroplating zitsulo ❖ kuyanika mu nkhani iyi kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mafuta ndi gasi makampani kuteteza mapangidwe nsakali, m'munda magetsi kwa mafunsidwe wotsatira wa zokutira multilayer lakonzedwa kuti ateteze ndi yokongola, kupanga magulu kusindikizidwa dera, kusintha soldering, komanso ena ambiri. Pamwamba afika mtundu kuchokera pinki kuwala wofiira mdima. Mithunzi zambiri osati yovomerezeka.

galvanizing

Imodzi mwa njira ambiri pofuna kuteteza katundu zitsulo ndi galvanizing. Kawirikawiri ntchito zochizira zosiyanasiyana aloyi kapena mpweya zitsulo sukulu. Electroplating wa mtundu uwu ndi kufunika chokwanira pa chitetezo cha nkhani zopangidwa waya ndi fasteners. Akulowa mu malo lonyowa, pamwamba pa nthaka ndi akutumikira monga anode, motero liwiro makutidwe ndi okosijeni anachita, ndi zitsulo kholo pamene kutetezedwa ku zinthu chokhwima zachilengedwe.

Electroplating wa mtundu uwu zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo mankhwala zitsulo kukonzedwa m'njira yapadera. Kutero, kuchotsa iwo kuchokera dzimbiri, lonse, hardware yozizira lubricant ofunsira. Pamene ndondomeko ya galvanizing uli wathunthu, mankhwala ayenera pansi powunikira, i.e. izo unazokotedwa ndi njira ofooka asidi nitric, kenako passivation. Choncho zotheka kuonjezera kukana mankhwala kanasonkhezereka kuti zinthu zoipa, komanso kuti iwo kwambiri kukongoletsa, ndiye kuwonjezera chiwale ndiponso azioneka ena. Electroplating Technology mu nkhani iyi ikukhudza nthaka wosanjikiza makulidwe a 6 microns kwa 1.5 mm.

faifi tambala-plating

Protection katundu zitsulo Mukhoza kuchita ntchito zosiyanasiyana umisiri. Mmodzi wa anthu otchuka ndi ofanana pa nthawiyo ndi faifi tambala. zotchuka chotere ndi chifukwa katundu mankhwala faifi tambala. Nyamayi digiri yapamwamba ya kukana kuti dzimbiri mu sing'anga amadzimadzi, ndi okusayidi faifi tambala chindiletsa makutidwe ndi okosijeni winanso wa zitsulo. Komanso, faifi tambala bwino amenable kuti salt, zidulo ndi alkalis, kupatulapo asidi nitric. Mwachitsanzo, plating makulidwe a 0,125 mamilimita amateteza mpweya kwambiri mafakitale ndi kuchuluka ndewu. Nkofunika ndipo chotero mphindi: faifi tambala plating amenable lonse zitsulo, kotero njira imeneyi angagwiritsidwe ntchito zina processing mankhwala.

Ntchito faifi tambala ndi bwino kuti zosiyanasiyana ntchito:

- chitetezo cha mankhwala zitsulo;

- kugwiritsa ntchito monga zokutira zokongoletsera;

- chisanadze n'kupanga wosanjikiza kuti akumane ndi zina processing;

- ayambe mbali ndiponso ikuluikulu.

❖ kuyanika amakhala ndi avale kukana mkulu ndi kuwumitsa ndi akulimbikitsidwa zina ntchito mu zinthu mikangano, makamaka sitili pa kondomu aliyense, ntchito chitetezo dzimbiri, ndi kupereka khalidwe otsika kutentha brazing solders, onse zinafotokozedwa ISO. zokutira Electroplated awonjezera brittleness Koma ali osavomerezeka kubala flaring ndi kupinda mbali zapita faifi tambala plating ndondomeko. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo slozhnoprofilirovannyh. Pambuyo ndondomeko kutentha mankhwala m'mikhalidwe madigiri 400 Celsius ❖ kuyanika amakhala pazipita kuuma.

Tin-Bismuth

❖ kuyanika malata amakhala ndi kukana kuti zochita za mankhwala sulufule munali, izo akulimbikitsidwa mbali zimene anakumana ndi jombo ndi mapulasitiki. Pakati katundu angatchedwe guluu wolimba kwambiri ndi m'munsi zitsulo, elasticity, luso kupinda, kujambula, mitundu, zinayambira, atolankhani-koyenera, komanso posungira zabwino pamene zodzoladzola. Mwatsopano malata ❖ kuyanika labwino bwino soldering.

anapezazo

Plating bwino makhalidwe a mbali conductive, kuwapatsa kuposa katundu magetsi kutchinjiriza, komanso kuteteza ndi mmene zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Komanso, njira imeneyi zimathandiza kupeza pamwamba kwambiri kukhala view n'zofanana, komanso simulating enamel ❖ kuyanika. N'zovuta overstate electroplating kufunika mafakitale zamakono monga chitukuko cha luso analola kuti ndondomeko changwiro choposa.