December 31, 1994, itachita wa Grozny. Woyamba Chechen nkhondo

Today ife kulankhula za chochitika tsoka, zomwe zinali zodzaza ndi woyamba Chechen nkhondo (zaka - 1994 (December) - 1996 (August)). mwachidule choyamba ndikuuzeni za mbiri ya nkhondo imeneyi.

Malinga ndi mkati mwa dziko, mu Chechnya mu 1994-95. anapha anthu pafupi 26 zikwi :. 2000 a iwo - asilikali Russian, za 10-15 zikwi - Wongosangalatsa, ndi zina - wamba .. Komabe, General Alexander Lebed anapereka ziyenera osiyana. Malinga ndi nkhani yake, zomvetsa kwambiri anabweretsa nkhondo Chechnya. Zaka sankawabisira ovulala ake yaikulu wamba - za 70-80 zikwi anthu akufa .. imfa A musachoke m'gulu la asilikali feduro anafikira anthu 6-7 zikwi.

Chechnya akupeza kulamulira Russia

mzere woyambawo Union a Soviet wa 1980-1990 zinali zodzaza ndi otchedwa "perete wa sovereignties". Ichi chimatanthauza kuti mabwalo Soviet a magulu (monga SSR ndi USSR) anatenga akutiakuti chilengezo cha ulamuliro. Mu 1990, June 12, poyamba dziko Congress cha akuluakulu Anthu amenewa Chikalata pa State ufumu RSFSR.

Mu Grozny pa November 23-25 chaka chino, Chechen msonkhano dziko unachitikira. Iye anasankhidwa kukhala m'Komiti ya Nthambi Yolamula, kenako n'kukhala NCCP. tcheyamani ake anali Dzhokhar Dudayev, Major-General. Msonkhano linavomereza pa mapangidwe a Chechen Republic Nokhchi-Cho. Mu July 1991, pa Chachiwiri Congress NCCP, anaganiza kuti mupewe izo kwa USSR ndi RSFSR.

Dudayev anakhala pulezidenti, chophukacho ubale ndi la Russia

November 1, 1991 Dudayev anasankhidwa pulezidenti wa Chechnya. Pa November 10, komiti wamkulu wa NCCP anaganiza kusiya kugona ndi boma la Russia. Pa dera la Republic Chechen kuyambira November 1991 anayamba wogonjetsa anthu katundu Dudayev ndi zankhondo la asilikali mkati ndi asilikali ankhondo, midzi asilikali. November 27 Pulezidenti zinasaina lamulo pa nationalization zida ndi armament mayunitsi asilikali amene anali gawo la Republic. asilikali onse boma ku Chechnya anatsala November 8 chaka chotsatira Komabe, anasiya ambiri zida, zida ndi zipolopolo.

Zimene zikuchitika ku dera akuyesetsa kachiwiri mu chaka cha 1992, pamene nkhondo Ossetian-Ingush zinachitika mu chigawo Prigorodny. Dudayev ananena salowerera a boma, koma asilikali a Russia pa exacerbation nkhondo analowa m'gawo lake.

Zochitika za September - December 1994

Kuyambira September 1994, panali Nkhondo mwakhama Chechnya. Mphamvu za chitsutso, makamaka ikuchitika bomba maofesi a asilikali. Dudayev kukumanizana militias anali atakonzekera ndi kuukira ndege Lamulungu-24 ndi Mi-24 ndege ndi kulemba palibe.

November 30, 1994 Boris Yeltsin zinasaina lamulo № 2137s, zimene zinaphatikizapo Kupha mayunitsi mfuti Chechnya. Malinga ndi iye, pa December 1, ayenera kugwira ntchito zomwe umalimbana kubwezeretsa lamulo ndipo kumbali oyendetsera dziko mu Republic Chechen, kuyamba asilikali liquidation, achite zokambirana kuthetsa mwamtendere nkhondo.

December 11, 1994, Pulezidenti Russian anapanga apilo ku Russia, amene ananena kuti dziko ayenera vuto la Chechnya - mmodzi wa omumvera ake, kuti adziteteze monyanyira zida za nzika. Tsiku lomwelo iye walemba lamulo, ndipo nthawi yomweyo asilikali Russian anapita ku achite. Cholinga chawo chinali Chechnya, asilikali ake a Grozny. Kwa December, kusiyana; Grozny, kuyambira 18 la, wakhala phunziro kwa zodabwitsa mobwerezabwereza.

26 December chaka chomwecho anayamba bomba ili m'midzi akumidzi.

Latsopano itachita wa Grozny

Pa usiku wa December 31, 1994 mpaka January 1, 1995 zinachitika kumenya Chaka Chatsopano. Asilikali Russian usiku kuti anataya katundu wolemera kwambiri, lofunika kwambiri chifukwa ndi Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World. Imfa ya Maikop Moto Brigade nambala 131 ndi limodzi mwa zinthu zochititsa kwambiri oopsa akanthe. Komabe nthano zambiri amapita pa zimenezi.

Kutenga nyumba ya Pulezidenti Dzhokhar Dudayev anakhala ntchito yaikulu ya mkuntho akubwera. Kukwaniritsidwa kwa gulu wake analamula "North". K. B. Pulikovsky anasonyeza lamulo ake. Kodi chidwi ndi chiwerengero cha ndalama kuti anali m'gulu, sindizo ndendende kudziwika. Opereka boma deta kuti zambiri amasiyana ndi njira zazikulu kuchokera ku chenicheni. Malinga ndi iwo, m'gulu la "North" kwa anthu 4097, 211 oyenda kumenyana magalimoto, 82 akasinja, 64 mortars ndi mfuti.

mapulani lamulo

December 30, 1994 msonkhano unachitikira. Iye ali zonse ntchito kwa akanthe. M'mawa wa pa December 31 ndi brigade anali kupita airfield akale ndi apo kuti akonzekeretse asilikali. Ntchito yaikulu ya Regiment 81st anali mumpanda mphambano ya Khmelnitsky-Mayakovsky. Ndiyeno wagawo ayenera watsekedwa ndi nyumbayi, yomwe munali komiti Republican, kenako mzinda kulanda siteshoni. Polk nambala 276 ankayenera kutenga njira kwa Garden ndi apo akudikira malamulo zina.

Mosayembekezereka la zochitika

Tikumbukenso kuti zinachitika pa December 31, 1994 itachita wa Grozny Tinadabwa aliyense. Kubwezeretsa zida za nkhondo ndi anthu zapanga, osati onse a asilikali anali ntchito limodzi bwino. Membala wa itachita wa Grozny Sivko Vyacheslav amene adalamulira 237th Battalion Kukumbukira zinthu zimenezi, ananena kuti kulakwitsa n'kumene kupanda kulinganiza bwino, mogwirizana kwa mbali.

Komabe, madongosolo amadziwika si takambirana. M'mawa wa pa December 31, 1994 itachita wa Grozny unayambitsidwa. Part anapita ku ntchito. Pofika 11am mphambano ya Mayakovsky-Khmelnytsky anagwidwa. Komabe, 2 Battalion wa omenyana osaleka moto sanathe anagumula munda "Rodina". Pulikovskiy analamula kuti abwerere. Apa 2 Battalion anakwaniritsa ntchito zina.

Events m'dera la okwerera sitima

131 Brigade nthawi yomweyo nkhondowo ntchito zawo zimagwiridwa ndi naimirira wa kunja kwa mzinda, pa airfield akale. Iye anachita kumanga malinga. Koma mwadzidzidzi anasamukira kutali, chifukwa battalion umodzi adayamba kulingalira kusiteshoni, ndi ena anapita mbali ya msika. Ordzhonikidze anapita ku dera Regiment lapansi. Sipanatsale kuphimba kampani imodzi. Yaroslavl, Regiment mtsogoleri, patapita kanthawi mkulu wa ndodo analamula siteshoni kuti atsogolere lonse wotsalayo zikuchokera ndi njira. Ngakhale Regiment anali tangoyamba kusamukira PL. Ordjonikidze, mizati patsogolo gulu lake № zipangizo 131, nthawi imeneyi kutsatira siteshoni. Motero, pafupifupi imodzi anabwera kwa iye ndi timu, ndi Regiment. Otsiriza bungwe chitetezo pa siteshoni njanji ndipo anatenga battalion loyamba siteshoni mwachindunji. Ndinayesa chauko ndi battalion chachiwiri, koma anaukira popanda kukhonda kukhalabe siteshoni njanji.

Pambuyo Regiment ndi brigade bungwe chitetezo pamalopa, iwo zinaukilidwa gulu lalikulu la zigawenga. Mpaka kusiya magulu anapitiriza kumenyana. mbali ya zipangizo anawonongedwa, ndi zina - chawonongeka. Komabe, anthu anamenya nkhondo ndi zida lomaliza. Choyamba, zomvetsa ang'onoang'ono. Komabe, vuto mwadzidzidzi anayamba kutha mofulumira chifukwa chakuti mbali zina sanali kukwaniritsa ntchito yawo, sakanakhoza kulowa pakati.

Letsani la asilikali Russian pakati pa Grozny

14 hours ya December 31, 1994 itachita wa Grozny waperekedwa ndi zochitika chatsopano. Grouping "North-East" anabwera mlatho kudutsa Sunzha, yomwe ili pakati pa mzinda. Mu Grozny mosavuta anasamukira asilikali "East" ndi "West". Sanathe anakumana kukana pamaso masana. Ndiyeno anayamba ...

Kuchokera m'zipinda za pamwamba pa nyumba ndi zapansi pa ndime ya magalimoto Russian oti muli nazo zida clamped mu misewu yaing'ono, anagunda mfuti machine launchers grenade. Zigaŵenga kumenyana ngati maphunziro asilikali omwe anaphunzira, osati a asilikali Russian. Choyamba kutenthedwa ndi kutseka makina mutu. Ena anawomberedwa, popanda mwachangu. 18 koloko pafupi ndi Lenin Park 693rd Moto mfuti Regiment za "West" Ine anazungulira. Kunja kwa mzinda kum'mwera kwa moto katundu anaimitsa parachuti Regiment 21 Airborne Brigade ndi Division 76th. 3.5 TH. Olimbana ndi akasinja makumi asanu ndi zipangizo Kukada mwadzidzidzi anaukira ataima mizati m'dera yakumadzulo / siteshoni 131 brigade ndi mphindi 81 Regiment. Pamodzi ndi akasinja awiri amene anatha kupulumuka, zotsalira za mbali imeneyi pakati pa usiku anayamba abwerere, koma anali atazunguliridwa ndi kuwononga pafupifupi mwathunthu. Anthu ambiri yaitali kukumbukira tsiku limeneli - 31 December 1994. The itachita wa Grozny anabweretsa ovulala katundu mwa onse asilikali ndiponso anthu wamba.

Events 1-2 January 1995

January 1 lamulo tsiku lonse kuyesa kuthandiza magulu yopanda magazi "North-East" ndi "North", oletsedwa pakati pa Grozny. Koma sizinathandize. asilikali anatumiza kupulumutsa wa Chechens kunapangitsa kuti kusuntha yekha pa maulendo chisanadze woona. Iwo mwankhanza anawomberedwa asilikali. January 2 atolankhani utumiki wa boma Russian ananena kuti mzinda wa Grozny lili m'manja mwa atsogoleri boma kuti oletsedwa ya pulezidenti.

Zotsatira za ndawala Chechen

Mkuntho loyamba Grozny sanam'bweretsere chigonjetso. Kwa nthawi yaitali anakaniza zigaŵenga lapansi. Mpaka August 31, 1996 anapitiriza nkhondoyo. Asilikali ake a Grozny chinali chiyambi chabe cha nkhondoyi latsopano. Nkhondo inali limodzi ndi uchigaŵenga ikuchitika kunja Chechnya (Kizlyar, Budennovsk).

Chifukwa cha kampeni ndi anakhala ndi Khasavyurt pangano, anasaina August 31, 1996. Ku mbali Russian iwo anasaina Alexander Lebedev, Mlembi wa Bungwe la dziko lathu Security, ndi olimbana ndi Chechen - mkulu wa ndodo Aslan Maskhadov. Zotsatira za mapangano amenewa anali anaganiza otchedwa "udindo mtsogolo". Ichi chimatanthauza kuti mpaka 31 December 2001 kuthetsedwa nkhani ya udindo Chechnya a.