Aslan Maskhadov: yonena, mbiri ndi chidwi mfundo

Maskhadov Aslan Aliev - mmodzi wa kanjedza kwambiri maganizo a mbiri ya makono. Anthu ena amamuona kuti ngwazi za anthu Chechen, winayo - ndi zigawenga. Choncho amene anali Aslan Maskhadov? The yonena za chithunzi yakale imeneyi ndipo adzakhala phunziro la yathu.

Ubwana ndi unyamata

Maskhadov Aslan Aliev anabadwa mu chaka cha 1951 m'mudzi waung'ono ku dera la ku Chikazaki SSR, kumene nthawi imodzi makolo ake anathamangitsidwa. banja ache teip Alleroj.

Mu 1957, ndi chiyambi cha m'firiji pamtunda, uko kunali konzanso wa Chechens anathamangitsidwa. Zimenezi zinathandiza Aslan ndi makolo ake kubwerera kwa Chechen-Ingush ASSR. Kumeneko anali kukhala m'mudzi m'chigawo Nadterchenskogo.

Mu 1966, Aslan Maskhadov limodzi ndi Young League Communist, ndipo patapita zaka ziwiri anamaliza maphunziro ake ku sukulu ya sekondale ya m'mudzi mwawo. Mu 1972 anamaliza sukulu asilikali Tbilisi, amene apadera kupanga mafelemu kwa zida zankhondo za. Pambuyo pake, anatumikira mu Army ku Far East kwa zaka zisanu, pamene iye anadzuka kuti udindo wa zamkomdiviziona. Pa nthawi yomweyo, iye anali kulandiridwa mu chiwerengero cha CPSU lapansi.

Mu 1981, ndi zotsatira zabwino maphunziro awo, anamaliza maphunziro a usilikali zida zankhondo Academy ili Leningrad.

Nditamaliza maphunziro, iye anatumizidwa ku Hungary, kumene iye anaimirira kuti malo mtsogoleri wa zida zankhondo Regiment.

Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo

Mu 1986, pamene mtsogoleri wa Regiment ndi udindo wa wamkulu Aslan Maskhadov anatumizidwa ku Lithuania. M'kupita kwa nthawi, lamulo lake mbali, si monga chimatengedwa ngati opambana mu Baltic. anaikidwa Chief wa Wogwila Mphamvu chida.

Pa nthawi iyi mu dziko monga pali ndondomeko kuti posachedwapa zinachititsa kuti azingokhala Soviet Union ndi kusintha kwa dongosolo chikhalidwe. Pamaso pa mayiko ena a zizoloŵezi centrifugal anayamba kutuluka mu Baltic States. Komabe, musanayambe zionetsero yogwira ndi ntchito yausilikali ndi iwo, Maskhadov anali kudzipatula, ngakhale pachikhalidwe ake amakhala ntchito anthu opandukawo.

Mu 1992, iye anasiya Asilikali onyamula zida za Russia. Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti ganizo limeneli anali kwenikweni chifukwa kusiyana wake ndi maulamuliro apamwamba nkhondo, ena - peaking mu malire Chechen-Ingush.

The Chechen loyamba

Potsatira yosiya wa Aslan Maskhadov tinapita ku likulu la Chechnya - Grozny. Pali pa nthawi anali atabwera kale mphamvu, Dzhokhar Dudayev analengeza ufulu wa Ichkeria (CRI). Pomwepo pa kufika, Maskhadov anali anamuika mkulu wa Civil silikhali, ndiyeno - mkulu wa ndodo ya zachitetezo.

Kuyambira m'chaka cha 1994, anayamba otchedwa woyamba Chechen nkhondo. Aslan Maskhadov bwinobwino anatsogolera chitetezo cha Grozny, amene anali okwana Dudaev udindo wa onse akuluakulu. Kamodzi pansi pa utsogoleri wake imachitika zambiri chiwerengero ntchito bwino, makamaka kulanda anthu Grozny pambuyo ntchito mumzinda wa asilikali Russian.

Mu Russia, Maskhadov anali mlandu monga mlengi wa magulu oletsedwa zida zomwe Komabe, sizinamulepheretse kukambirana ndi boma la Russia.

Mu 1996, pa ntchito yapadera, anaphedwa Dzhokhar Dudayev, koma sanaleke ntchito bwino Chechen otsutsana ndi asilikali Russian.

Mu 1996, mayikowo anagwirizana pakati pa boma la Russia ndi oimira wodzitcha Ichkeria. Kusaina choncho mtendere zinachitika m'tawuni Dagestani wa Khasavyurt. Wa CRI Aslan Maskhadov anasaina mgwilizano Aliev. Mbiri ya nkhondo Chechen, zingatanthauze, izo zinali pa. mapangano izi akuyembekezeka achire wa asilikali Russian ku Chechnya, pa chisankho cha pulezidenti watsopano Ichkeria pangano, komanso funso wa amodzi a chigamulo cha tsoka CRI udindo mopitirira mpaka 2001. Choncho itatha yoyamba Chechen nkhondo.

malo a pulezidenti

Pambuyo kusaina mapangano a Khasavyurt pamaso chisankho cha Pulezident, ndi. za. Pulezidenti wa CRI Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev anali. Aslan Maskhadov anali nduna yaikulu ndi chitetezo mtumiki.

Mu January 1997, Pulezidenti inachitika, imene chigonjetso adagonja ndi Aslan Maskhadov, kumenya Shamilya Basaeva ndi Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev.

Poyamba, Maskhadov anali akuyesera kuti amange wodziimira boma Chechen mfundo zokomela a anthu wamba. Koma malo ake anali wofooka kwambiri. M'malo mwake, mphamvu zambiri Chechnya anayamba kufunafuna aziphunzitso Chisilamu, warlords ndi atsogoleri a magulu osiyanasiyana.

Maskhadov zinthu zambiri sizinali wandale ndi munthu asilikali. Anakakamizika akamagwiritsa pakati pa magulu awa, kuti apite kwa iwo asintha. Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti radicalization zina, Islamization ndi criminalization wa Chechen anthu. The CRI polima malamulo Sharia, Republic anali chodzala ndi aziphunzitso yachilendo, warlords anayamba kusonyeza kugalukira kukula boma la Ichkeria.

The Chechen yachiwiri

Chifukwa cha zinthu izi kuti mu 1999, atsogoleri munda Shamil Basayev ndi Khattab amangosankha, popanda ziletso ndi mutsogoleli wa boma Chechen, atalanda dera la Dagestan. Choncho anayamba chachiwiri Chechen nkhondo.

Ngakhale Maskhadov anadzudzula poyera zochita za Basayev, Khattab ndi warlords zina, koma zoona zake sangathe kuwalamulira. Choncho, Russian utsogoleri pambuyo zigaŵenga analiza ku dera la Dagestan, dera wasankha kugwira ntchito mogwirizana ndi chiwonongeko wonse Chechnya.

Kuyamba asilikali Russian pa dera la CRI zinachititsa kuti nkhondo mwachindunji ndi Russian boma Maskhadov. Iye anali mtsogoleri wa kukana lapansi. Pulezidenti wa Ichkeria ananena choyamba mu zonse Russian, ndiyeno kufufuza lonse. Poyamba, Maskhadov akhoza mwachindunji kusamalira okha mphamvu ochepa, monga atsogoleri ambiri munda sanamvere iye kwenikweni, ndipo kokha kuyambira 2002 wakhala anapanga lamulo wonse. Choncho, Basayev, Khattab ndi atsogoleri ena a zigawenga analoŵa Maskhadov.

Zochita za asilikali Russian mu Chechnya, nthawi imeneyi inali yabwino kwambiri kuposa pantchito yake yoyamba. Pofika kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2000 asilikali Russian zikulamulira mbali yaikulu ya Chechnya. Zigaŵenga kubisala mu madera amapiri, staging uchigawenga ndi zonyoza zimayenda.

imfa Maskhadov a

Kuti definitively kuthetsa kumachitika mikangano ndi uchigawenga wa Chechnya, ndi Russian misonkhano yapadera, anaganiza kugwira mndandanda wa ntchito zathu liquidation atsogoleri zigawenga.

Mu March 2005, ife anachita ntchito yapadera kuti am'manga mtsogoleri wakale wa Ichkeria. Pa iye anaphedwa Aslan Maskhadov. Malinga ndi Baibulo lina, iye anawomberedwa ndi asilikali olondera mfumu, monga Maskhadov sanafune kusiya moyo.

banja

Maskhadov anali ndi mkazi, mwana wamwamuna ndi wamkazi. Mkazi Aslan Maskhadov - Kusama Semiyev - asanalowe m'banja lake mu 1972 anali telefoni woyendetsa. Pambuyo pa imfa ya mwamuna wake kwa nthawi yaitali kunja mpaka 2016, kapena chilolezo kubwerera ku Chechnya.

Mwana wa Aslan Maskhadov - Anzor - anabadwa mu 1979. Maphunzilo ku Malaysia. Iye panopa amakhala Finland ndipo anali ovuta kwambiri za boma la Russia, makamaka Ramzan Kadyrov.

mwana Maskhadov a - Fatima - anabadwa mu 1981. Monga m'bale, tsopano tikukhala mu Finland.

makhalidwe General

kovuta kuti kupereka malongosoledwe tsankho umenewu chithunzi maganizo, Aslan Maskhadov. Anthu ena amangokhalira idealize iye, ena - chiŵanda. Tikumbukenso kuti ambiri panokha bwino anthu kufotokoza Maskhadov monga mtsogoleri wabwino, munthu wa ulemu. Pa nthawi yomweyo anasonyeza kulephera kuti atsogolere boma ndipo sanathe pogonjetsa boma zingapo za magulu osiyana a Ichkeria, mu kudzuka amene ankakhala anakakamizika kupita.

Panopa unachitikira magawo ndi chikumbukiro Aslan Maskhadov pickets ankafunitsitsa kuti boma la Russia extradite iye thupi la mbadwa. Koma pamene iwo zotsatirapo osati kutsogoleredwa.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Pa maphunziro ake pa sukulu mu Leningrad Aslan Maskhadov anafunsa kumutcha iye Oleg, ndi zikalata anali m'gulu buru. Komanso, ana asukulu anzanu anaona anasiya yachipembedzo Maskhadov, komanso chakuti iye anali si mantha kuti muphonye muyeso, chinkana koletsedwa kwa Islam.

Malinga ndi anzake, Maskhadov anayankha moyipa kwambiri pa kulengeza ufulu wa Lithuania, kuganizira separatism izi.

Malinga ndi zimene mabuku ena amanena zambiri, ndi Russian mabungwe a chitetezo anatha kuwerengera malo Maskhadov foni yam'manja IMEI.