Constitutional mafumu. Dualistic mtundu kasamalidwe gosudarstveenogo

Constitutional ufumu - mawonekedwe a ulamuliro. Mu boma pali mabwalo palokha ndipo yamalamulo. wolamulira wa mphamvu okha ndi malamulo a. Mbali khalidwe la uyu mtundu wa ulamuliro ndi mndandanda boma ndi countersignature.

Last - mgwirizano kuchita wolamulira yolembedwa ndi nduna kapena mtsogoleri wa boma. Countersignature limasonyeza kuti udindo (onse andale ndi malamulo) chochita zinthu zimenezi adzakhala munthu amene ali ndi countersign. Yokhala, izi anafotokoza chifukwa chakuti mfumu yekha, monga mutu wa boma, si udindo pa zochita zawo. Countersignature anayambitsa m'zaka za m'ma 18 ku England. Choncho analengedwa ndi njira Kuchepetsa ufumu. Popeza Kubwera kwa countersignature monarchical boma potsiriza linapambana England ndi maiko ena.

List Civil anatchula ndalama, lomwe chaka zigwire zili ndi mfumu. Kuchuluka kwa malipiro unakhazikitsidwa ndi kumayambiriro lililonse mfumu pa mpando wachifumu. Zotsatira ndi ndalama akhoza ziwonjezeke koma osati utachepa.

Mogwirizana ndi mlingo wa achifumu mphamvu malire kusiyanitsa aphungu dualistic kapangidwe ndi kasamalidwe boma.

M'mayiko ena a ku Asia ndi African dongosolo dualistic umayendetsedwera. Mwachitsanzo, mayiko ndi mafumu malamulo, Morocco, Jordan ndi ena. dongosolo Dualistic akuti ndi maganizo woyambirira wa mphamvu yochepa ya mfumu. Maonekedwe ake ndi ndende m'manja mwa kazembe zambiri ulamuliro.

Dualistic oyendetsera dziko mafumu ndi gawo mbiri mu kusintha kwa absolutism kutanthauza chinachake Boma aphungu zochepa.

Pamene dualistic mtundu wa ulamuliro aphungu (mfundo) wa nyumba yamalamulo. Iwo anasankha nkhani kapena ena a iwo (pa tsiku loponya kalembera kumanja). mphamvu Executive ali anaikira mu manja a mfumu. Iye amaona zimenezo kapena mwachindunji yokha kapena kudzera boma. Zakuweluzidwa kwa milandu komanso limabweretsa mfumu. Komabe, zingakhale zambiri kapena zochepa ufulu wodzilamulira.

Ndi gulu la mphamvu mu mtundu uwu wa ulamuliro zambiri chosakwanira. Ngakhale kuti malamulo wadutsa mu nyumba yamalamulo mfumu ali ndi ufulu kwa imposition a veto mtheradi. Zimenezi n'zimene salola kuti abwere mu mphamvu malamulo atsopano. Komanso, dualistic oyendetsera dziko ufumu amalandiranso mphamvu zonse za mfumu kuti apereke malamulo. Choncho, kazembe akhoza kutengera zochita "aatali chilengedwe", mphamvu ndi wofanana ndi mphamvu ya malamulo.

Mbali yaikulu ya dongosolo dualistic imatengedwa lamanja la King kupasuka yamalamulo, powapatsa boma absolutism.

Ngati kapangidwe ndi kumapereka lingaliro la kukhalapo kwa boma, ndi udindo zochita zake yekha pamaso pa mfumu. Yamalamulo likhoza kusonkhezera boma mothandizidwa ndi ufulu kukhazikitsa bajeti boma. Tikumbukenso kuti si njira yabwino kwambiri zimakhudzira umagwiritsidwa kamodzi pa chaka. Pa nthawi yomweyo, akubwera zosemphana ndi boma, aphungu ali pangozi zonse yanyumba yamalamulo.

Dualistic oyendetsera dziko ufumu yodziwika ndi kukhalapo ya authoritarian ndale. State boma , akatswiri zimaonetsa ngati kukondera pakati pa "kulamulira osankhika" ndi anthu onse, kutsogozedwa adakali mfumu ndi anamuperekeza wake.

Mwa masiku ano oimira limati dualistic mtundu wa ulamuliro titchedwe Thailand. Malamulo ake ikuti kuti mfumu ukwera wachifumu osati mwa lamulo, koma "malinga ndi miyambo kulemekezedwa" ndipo sadzakhala ntchito chilango chilichonse.