The Romanovs: chovala mikono ya nyumba. History, mafotokozedwe, zithunzi

Wachiwiri kulamulira mafumu mu Russia anali Romanovs. Odula olamulira awa linakhazikitsidwa pa chiyambi cha ulamuliro wa banja - kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XVII. Kwa zaka zingapo anali kusinthidwa mpaka potsiriza mu zaka za m'ma XIX, izo sizinali adaganiza zolenga chizindikiro cha boma cha nyumba lachifumu.

Lingaliro la mphamvu autocratic

Zikamera wa chovala mikono ya Romanovs tiyenera kuziganizira pa nkhani ya ganizo ndale komanso a mbiri m'dziko lathu akale. Mfundo ndi kuti ambiri olamulira zoweta anali yodziwika ndi chikhulupiriro kuti autocratic monarchical boma anali mbadwa, chokha ndi oyenera dziko Russian. Olamulira iliyonse kunachokera makolo awo ndi olamulira wakale wa Byzantium, imene kenako anatenga chovala manja.

Chizindikiro cha mphungu, chimene chikutsimikizira ndodo ndi orb, anali chizindikiro kwambiri limaonetseratu za kukwaniritsidwa kwa lingaliro ndi mphamvu autocratic. Choncho, malaya ili la manja zinakhalapo kwa nthawi yaitali, pafupifupi popanda kusintha kulikonse. Zaluso okha ena makhalidwe koma ikuimira (ndipo ambiri Chofunika, tanthauzo lake maganizo) wofanana. Choncho, ndi kudza kwa ulamuliro wa mafumu atsopano, iye analandira kulembetsa boma.

Ikuimira pa chiyambi cha ulamuliro

Chikadzangotha mapeto a Time ya Mavuto mphamvu mu dziko anafika mafumu atsopano - ndi Romanovs. Odula olamulira awa poyamba kubwereza tatchulazi ochiritsira zigawo atsogoleri ndi mafumu. Monga tikudziwira, iwo ntchito monga chizindikiro cha boma cha chiwombankhanga, anaitenga ku Byzantium. chithunzi Ichi chinali chizindikiro cha ulamuliro wa mafumu woyamba wa mafumu atsopano: Mikhail Fedorovich ndi Alexei Mikhailovich. Iwo ali ndi makhalidwe ndi nyumba yake.

The zikuchokera ndi kupita kwa nthawi kakusintha kusintha zinthu zina. Komabe, iwo sanali za chikhalidwe ofunika. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi zina mphungu akufotokozedwa ndi mitu iwiri, ndipo nthawi zina - ndi atatu. Mbali yoyamba, korona chachitatu chinali pakati pawo. Lachiwiri - iye anavekedwa ndi fanizo lina la mphungu. Mu yoteroyo unachitikira zina, ndodo ndi orb mu zina - lupanga. Choncho, Romanovs, odula manja amene kwa zaka zambiri wakhala si masinthidwe achikhazikitso, kusunga ikuimira mwambo nyengo yonse ya ulamuliro wake.

Background latsopano chizindikiro

Zimasonyeza chakuti kulamulira ufumu nyumba adaganiza zolenga zilembo zake pamene kale mu dziko lathu, ndondomeko kupanga dongosolo heraldic mabanja achifumu. Mu zaka za m'ma XIX, chosankha pamaziko a zophiphiritsa choyambirira analandira ndiponso Romanovs. Chovala manja anatumizidwa kulenga akabwera German katswiri heraldry - Baron B. V. Kene. Iye anali woyang'anira wa dipatimenti zogwirizana mu dziko lathu. Iye alinso wolemba wotchuka Russian mbendera ndi maluwa wakuda, wachikasu ndi woyera. Monga maziko anatenga chithunzi ndi mbendera munthu Boyar Nikita Romanov, amene anali wa mafumu kulamulira.

Kufotokozera za mbendera

Pa nsalu anali chithunzi cha Griffin chithunzi - chizindikiro, makolo mu kalonga ndi mfumu tsiku ndi tsiku kwa nthawi yaitali. Choncho, pa zidebe wa mfumu ndi zinthu zina anapeza chithunzi yoyenera. Choncho, akatswiri ena kuganiza kuti mwina mbuyanga anabwereka chizindikiro ichi kwa mbendera yake. Komabe, pali lina lomwe chiyambi cha chithunzi. chakuti chovala mikono ya Romanovs, Kuwulura chimene zovuta chifukwa chakuti mbendera anali osachisunga lokha popanda gryphon anali ngakhale kachidutswa kakang'ono wa wakuda mphungu. Olemba mbiri ena amanena chikuoneka ngongole, amene anapanga Ambuye, kukhala kwa nthawi mkulu wa mzinda wa Livonia, amene anali chogwirizana chithunzi ndalama.

Chiyambi cha chizindikiro

Palinso maganizo kuti zikamera wa wakuda kanjedza mphungu chikugwirizana ndi miyambo ya chiyambi Prussian wa ana a mafumu izi. Akatswiri ena amaganiza kuti chovala mikono ya Nyumba ya Romanov akukhudzana mwachindunji kwa chochitika masika. Mfundo ndi kuti makedzana imatchula mudziwe kuti imodzi mwa oimira loyamba la banja wakale anali Boyar Andrei Mare. Iye anali mizu Prussian. Ambuye anabwera mu utumiki wa Kalonga wa Moscow Ivan Kalita. Ndipo kuyambira pamenepo, ndipo anayamba kuwuka kwa mtundu uwu. Choncho, asayansi ambiri akukhulupirira kuti zikamera wa wakuda mphungu chishango heraldic - mawu onena za chiyambi Prussian wa oimira loyamba la banja chabwino.

formalization

Mfumu Alexander Wachiwiri analamula chilengedwe cha khalidwe latsopano, Baron Koehne. Iye anatenga monga maziko, monga tatchulazi, kujambula kwa chinsalu Boyar. Griffin, amene akufotokozedwa pa chizindikiro cha Romanov anali kuwapulumutsa. Komabe, wolemba lasintha mtundu wake ku wagolidi lalanje-ocher. Ichi chidachitika kuti kutsatira malamulo a heraldry anavomera m'mayiko Western European nthawi zogwirizana.

chakuti panali mwambo: ngati chithunzi zikuluzikulu chishango heraldic wakhala anaphedwa zitsulo mtundu, golide kapena siliva, kumunda ayenera akhala mitundu ina. Ndi mosemphanitsa. Ngati munda unali wopangidwa ndi golide kapena siliva, fanizo anali sakuyenera kukhala mitundu izi. Kotero izo zinali mu nkhani iyi. Pa mbendera anali golide Griffin Boyar, utoto pa munda siliva maziko. Choncho, Baron Koehne anasintha mawonekedwe mtundu ocher. Mwina anali kusintha yekha anamupanga zikuchokera. Enawo, wolemba ali anapitiriza dongosolo lomwelo.

mafotokozedwe

Odula manja a Romanovs, chithunzi chimene anapereka mu pepala ili imakhala heraldic chishango siliva. Mkati ndiye fanizo la Griffin ndi chishango mu mphamvu yake pamwamba pa zomwe ndi yaing'ono wakuda mphungu. M'mbali mwakemu muli atsogoleri a mitundu golide ndi siliva mikango pa maziko mdima. Kupanga kumanzere makolo mu mfundo.

Nthawi zina gulu zili m'gulu la odula manja a Russian Ufumu mu chimango a mphungu wakuda, korona ndi korona wachifumu ndi ndodo ndipo orb. Ndipo nthawizina ngakhale limodzi korona lalikulu. Mwalamulo, chizindikiro latsopano kwavomelezedwa mu 1856 ndi Alexander II. Choncho, funso la amene akufotokozedwa pa chizindikiro cha banja Romanov, ali kwambiri mizu zakale ndipo zogwirizana ndi mbiri akale akalonga Russian ndi mafumu.

Kulankhulana ndi mabanja ena

Tikaganizira zimenezi, m'pofunika kuona mmodzi kwambiri mfundo yofunika, ndicho chakuti ena a nyumba wolemekezeka ndi magwero ake anali mizu Prussian. Ndipo kotero mphungu wakuda ndi zimapezekanso malaya awo a manja. Pa nkhani imeneyi, ndi fano chishango heraldic ya chithunzi ndi miyambo ndithu. The kwambiri kuti mphungu mitu iwiri anali ankaona chovala chauneneri cha manja a nyumba yachifumu.