Chiheberi ufumu ndi olamulira ake. Likulu la ufumu Chiheberi

Chiheberi ufumu amafotokozedwa m'Baibulo analipodi XI-X CC. BC. e. Mu nthawi imeneyi ulamuliro wa Sauli mafumu Davide ndi Solomo. Pamene anthu achiyuda ankakhala champhamvu boma centralized.

Nyengo ya aweruzi

History of Palestine kuyambira nthawi yakale kugwirizana ndi nthano zambiri ndi nthano, zoti Yesu amene kupitiriza kutsutsana olemba mbiri ndi ofufuza za makedzana. Chiheberi ufumu kwambiri adziwika Old Testament, limene limafotokoza chatchulidwa nthawi.

Pamaso pa zikamera wa boma limodzi kunkakhala Ayuda motsogozedwa ndi oweruza. Anasankhidwa kuchokera pakati pa mamembala ambiri odalirika ndiponso anzeru a anthu, koma alibe mphamvu zenizeni, ndipo analolera pankhondo mkati pakati pa anthu a. Pa nthawi yomweyo, Ayuda anali m'mavuto nthawi zonse wochokera ankhanza nyumba wongosamukasamuka. Afilisti anali kuopseza lalikulu.

Kusankha kwa Mfumu Sauli

Pafupifupi 1029 BC. e. Anthu okhudzidwa anapempha kuti mneneri Samueli (mmodzi wa oweruza) kuti asankhe mfumu ya phungu woyenera. Tchire poyamba mphwayi m'dziko lake, kuwakakamiza kuti mphamvu ya mtsogoleri wa asilikali chingandithandize kupondereza ndi mantha. Komabe, anthu wamba kulira kwa nkhondo la adani, ndipo akupitiriza mu wake.

Pomaliza, molingana ndi Baibulo, Samuel anafunsira Mulungu, amene anayankha kuti mfumu akhale mnyamatayo Sauli wa fuko la Benjamini. Zinali Ayuda ntchito pang'ono. Mneneri posachedwapa anatsogolera wodandaulayu kwa anthu aludzu. Zinali kenako maere, kutsimikiza kulondola kwa kusankha mfumu. Kwenikweni anatchula Sauli. Choncho panali ufumu Chiheberi.

Kutukuka kwa Israel

Zaka zoyambirira za ulamuliro wa Sauli inali nthawi ya mpumulo kwa anthu a wake. atsogoleri a asilikali anasonkhana ndi bungwe gulu akhoza kuteteza dziko adani. Pa nkhondo, anagonjetsedwa ndi ufumu wa Amoni, Moabu ndi Edomu. Makamaka owawa anali kulimbana ndi Afilisti.

Wamkulu Koposa osiyana yachipembedzo. Aliyense wa kupambana kwake iye anadzipereka kwa Mulungu, popanda amene, maganizo ake, kalekale kuyambira anafa Chiheberi ufumu. Mbiri za nkhondo yolimbana ndi anansi ake limafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane m'Baibulo. Palinso zawululidwa khalidwe la Sauli wamng'ono. Iye sanali kokha wachipembedzo, komanso anali munthu wodzichepetsa kwambiri. Mu tinkasangalalira, mphamvu mwayekha iye nakulitsa kumunda, kusonyeza kuti iye si wosiyana ndi anthu a m'dziko lake.

Nkhondo ya mfumu ndi mneneri

Nthawi ina kuyenda ulendo pakati pa Sauli ndi Samueli anali kukangana. chifukwa iye anali kuchita mwano wa mfumu. Madzulo a nkhondo ndi Afilisti, iye anapanga nsembe, pamene analibe ufulu kutero. Kuchita zimenezi akanatha ansembe okha, koma Samueli. Pakati pa mfumu ndi mneneri anatenga yopuma, umene unali chizindikiro choyamba cha isanayambike nthawi yovuta.

Samuel, yemwe anachoka pabwalo, anakhumudwa ndi Sauli. Anaganiza kuika pampando wachifumu wa munthu wolakwika. Mulungu (amene replicas nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'Baibulo) wakhala anagwirizana ndi wansembe uja n'kumuuza kuti wakonzekera latsopano. Anakhala Davide, amene Samuel mobisa odzozedwa kulamulira.

David

Mnyamatayo anali matalente ambiri ndi zinthu zodabwitsa. Iye anali msilikali kwambiri ndi woimba. Za luso lake zinadziwika pa bwalo la mfumu. Sauli anali pa nthawi imeneyo anayamba kuvutika chifundo cha wozingwa. Ansembe anamulangiza kuchiza matenda ndi thandizo la nyimbo. Choncho khoti anaonekera David zeze wolamulira.

Posachedwa anapita kwa mfumu chimasiyanitsa iyeyekha ft wina. David m'gulu la asilikali a Isiraeli, pamene nkhondo lotsatira Afilisiti. Mu msasa wa adani anali choopsa wankhondo Goliati. Mbeu ya zimphona anali kukula yaikulu ndi mphamvu. Davide anamuitanitsa ndi duel munthu ndi kuwamenya ndi luso lake ndi gulaye. Mu chizindikiro cha chigonjetso cha mnyamata kudula anagonjetsa chimphona mutu. nkhani imeneyi ndi mmodzi wa anthu otchuka kwambiri ndipo tamutchula mu Baibulo.

Kugonjetsa Goliati, Davide ankakonda anthu. Pakati pa iye ndi Saulo panali nkhondo, n'kukhala nkhondo yapachiweniweni anagwedeza ufumu Chiheberi. Pa nthawi yomweyo mu Palestine kamodzinso ankasonyeza Afilisti. Iwo asilikali a Sauli, ndipo iye anadzipha, ndipo safuna kukhala mdani ukapolo.

mfumu yatsopano

Choncho 1005 BC. e. Davide anakhala mfumu. Ngakhale pa bwalo la Sauli, anakwatira mwana wake kuti akhale mwana mu mfumu. Ndi ku likulu la Chiheberi ufumu wa Davide anagwidwa ku Yerusalemu Panopo mtima wa moyo yonse. Mfumu yatsopano ankalimbikitsa mapulani m'matauni ndi beautification oyang'anira zigawo.

Malo a maufumu Chiheberi nthawi yotsala nkhani ya mtsutso. Ngati mulankhula kwa Baibulo tingathe kuganiza kuti malire a Isiraeli anathawa ku Gaza wa Firate. Monga atsogoleri ena a Chiheberi maufumu, Davide anatsogolera nkhondo bwino ndi anzawo. Oyendayenda mobwerezabwereza anataya ku malire pamene iwo anayesetsa kampeni zonse looting ndi kuphana.

Komabe, si onse ulamuliro Davide anali wopambana ndi chete. Dziko kamodzinso ankayenera kudutsamo nkhondo yapachiweniweni. Izi nthawi pa mwana wa boma wa Abisalomu anamupandukira Davide. Iye encroached pa ufumu wa bambo ake, ngakhale kuti anali ndi ufulu izo. Pomaliza, asilikali ake anagonjetsedwa, ndipo mwana wolowerera - anaphedwa atumiki a mfumu, mosiyana ndi malamulo a mfumu.

Solomon

Pamene Davide anali wokalamba ndi yafooka, kachiwiri panali funso la motsatizana. Mfumu ankafuna kusamutsa mphamvu kwa mmodzi wa ana ake aang'ono, Solomo, yemwe anali wolemekezeka ndi nzeru ndi maluso ulamuliro. Kusankha bambo sanali zina mwana wamkulu wa - Adoniya. Iye anafuna ngakhale bungwe chiwembu mwa kusankha coronation wake pa bambo moyo sangathenso.

Komabe, pofuna analephera Adoniya. Chifukwa cha mantha awo, iye anathawira ku hema. Solomon anakhululukira m'bale wake pambuyo kulapa kwake. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ophunzira ena mu chiwembu chiwerengero cha nduna ndi anzake anaphedwa. Mafumu a ufumu Chiheberi mwamphamvu anakhala wamphamvu mu manja awo.

Yomanga kachisi ku Yerusalemu

Davide atamwalira anayamba kulamulira lenileni la Solomo (965-928 gg. BC. E.). Icho chinali heyday wa ufumu Chiheberi. Dziko ndi molondola kuteteza ku ngozi kunja ndi likunena kusanduka ndipo ndinakulira wolemera.

Mchitidwe chachikulu chinali kumanga kachisi wa Solomo ku Yerusalemu - waukulu Ayuda kachisi. Nyumba iyi achipembedzo limaimira mgwirizano wa anthu lonse. ntchito yaikulu pa ntchito yokonza zipangizo ndi chilengedwe cha dongosolo akadali anachitira Davide. Asanamwalire, iye anapereka mapepala mwana wake.

Solomo anayamba kumanga m'chaka chachinayi cha ulamuliro wake. Iye anapempha chithandizo kwa mfumu ya mzinda wa Afoinike wa Turo. Kuyambira pamenepo anadza wotchuka ndi luso amisiri amene anatsogolera ntchito mwachindunji pa ntchito yomanga kachisi. Waukulu nyumba achipembedzo cha Ayuda anakhala m'gulu la nyumba yachifumu. Inali pa phiri, lotchedwa Kachisi. Pa tsiku la kudzipereka mu 950 BC. e. Likasa la Chipangano - waukulu dziko chidina anagwidwa mu nyumbayi. Ayuda chikondwerero cha mapeto a zomangamanga mu masabata awiri zapitazi. kachisi unakhala likulu la chipembedzo, chimene chimakopa amwendamnjira madera onse Ayuda.

Imfa ya Solomo 928 BC. e. Chilombocho kutha chuma cha boma logwirizana. Amlowam'malo Wamkulu Koposa anagawa mphamvu pakati pawo. Kuyambira pamenepo, panali ufumu wakumpoto (Israeli) ndi ufumu wakumwera (Yuda). Nthawi ya Sauli, Davide ndi Solomo ankaona golide zaka ya Ayuda.