BTR-3 (APC "Guardian"): mwachidule, maonekedwe, makhalidwe ndi maonekedwe

Zinthu zamakono kugula magalimoto atsopano oti muli nazo zida si mayiko onse. Ndipo limati olemera salinso kukhala chipani cha ndalama mazana angapo, madongosolo zochepa pa mayunitsi 40-50-70. Ndicho chifukwa amafuna Mlengi ali kwambiri mkulu. Chiyukireniya BTR-3 ndi chimodzi mwa zitsanzo amene ali ogula ngakhale panopa zenizeni ndi mavuto a zachuma.

Start chitukuko

Ntchito yomanga luso latsopano inayamba mu 2000. The makina oyamba sichinapangidwe pa kanthu ake, ndi kwa mpikisano, umene unachitikira pa kusankha zida za nkhondo ku UAE sitima. Sikuti kukhulupirira kuti BTR-3 china zatsopano, monga anachitira pa maziko a zaka BTR 80. More ndendende, pa maziko a BTR-94, amene ali ndi mfundo zomveka citukuko ca "Mipingo" chitsanzo. makina anayamba kupanga pa Kharkov makina zomanga mbewu. Ntchito yomanga chitsanzo latsopano inatha mu 2002.

Mu ndondomekoyi, nawo zinayi zikuluzikulu gulu chitetezo ku United Arab Emirates, Germany, USA ndi Ukraine yokha. Kupanga zigawo zikuluzikulu nawo pafupi dazeni makampani Chiyukireniya. ntchitoyi anali ngati "Internationale."

kupanga

Kupanga latsopano nyumba BTR-3 wochititsidwa osati kuchokera zikande, koma ndi remaking wakale BTR 70 ndi BTR 80, umene ndi kuchuluka yaikulu mphatso anapita Ukraine pambuyo kugwa kwa Soviet Union. Msonkhano wa magalimoto atsopano oti muli nazo zida ali pa Kiev mbewu oti muli nazo zida. Akatswiri amanena kuti ndalama opaleshoni ya "troika" palibe zoposa zikwi zisanu hryvnia pamwezi, omwe ali kangapo zosakwana mtengo kukhala mmodzi wa BTR-4.

Kucotsa vuto kumanga

Pamene chaka cha 2015 anauzidwa kuti dziko wakhala katswiri yopanga osachepera 90% ya zigawo zikuluzikulu kwa luso latsopano. Izi kuchepetsa kudalira pa ndi kupanga nkhani ya oti muli nazo zida ogwira onyamula, zambiri yosafuna.

M'mbuyomu posachedwapa, Kiev kasamalidwe ka mbewu inanena kuti kuyambira chiyambi cha ulimi ndi nthawi kamangidwe ka makina kale kuti pafupifupi 800 kusinthidwa zosiyanasiyana kukonza zolakwa munapeza mu ntchito. Komanso, anakwanitsa kwambiri kusintha manufacturability okha kukwaniritsa malo olondola a welds ndi. Mu chaka chathachi anali anayambitsa maphunziro kwambiri pa kuthekera khazikitsa ndi oti muli nazo zida ogwira chonyamulira mu German injini MAN.

Akuti kumayambiriro November 2015, Thailand lakwaniritsa kusaina mgwirizano, malinga ndi zomwe izi paokha kubala BTR-3 ndi zigawo zake pa madera ake. Izo sizikumveka Komabe, ngati Thais akupita kubala housings. Kaya adzatsegula nyumba zawo foundry kwa BTR-3, kaya mukufuna kugula akale BTR 70/80 kuchokera Ukrainians.

mbali Design

Popeza chiyambi cha makina, n'zosadabwitsa mawonekedwe ndi kutsogolo-wokwera ulamuliro gawo. Tikufika adalira chipinda ndipo ili pakati oti muli nazo zida, ndi injini - mu kumbuyo. makontena amenewa Kamangidwe BTR-3 mwachindunji Anabwereka awo "makolo".

Ngati iwo, chitsanzo ichi amatha mphamvu yake kukakamiza zopinga madzi. Pakuti zoyenda Pankhaniyi ntchito injini ndege, wokwera kutsogolo. Pakhala kwa mayiko dalaivala. Kotero, iye kuyamba kukakamiza nyanja kapena mtsinje sayenera kusiya kuntchito; zishango kubweza madzi ndi kutulutsa kwa ikukoka zobwera ndi aphatikizidwa ku zashuga ndi.

Choncho, ophimba yachibadwa adzakhala akalembetse m'kaundula anthu awiri okha: dalaivala mwachindunji ndi kuphana wagawo woyendetsa. The ankafika chipinda aikidwa omenyana osachepera asanu ndi atatu zida zonse kuti akhoza kubwera ndi mwa makina mwa hatches lopinda, kusema pansi pa mbali iliyonse. Lidalembedwa chiwembu tingachipeze powerenga: mmunsi mwa khomo ndipamene Chigawo yabwino, ndipo chachiwiri kugawa khoma, atatsamira kutsogolo akukumana, chimakwirira Troopers ku zotheka bombardment mmikono yaing'ono payekha. Zinthu mwadzidzidzi anapereka hatches pa denga la galimoto oti muli nazo zida.

Pali utumiki wa nthawi wagawo chifukwa cha mpweya, komanso dongosolo basi moto wozimitsa m'chipinda injini-HIV.

digiri ya chitetezo

Koma mfundo imeneyi ndi chidwi kwambiri kuganizira. chakuti mbali Chiyukireniya ndi kuika galimoto oti muli nazo zida monga otetezeka kwambiri, kuyerekeza zimakhala ndi thanki yodzadza. Kodi wolungamitsidwa ngati njira Ndipotu BTR-3, makhalidwe luso lomwe tiganizire, amatha kupirira zosiyanasiyana njira chiwonongeko?

Iyi ndi nthawi yoyamba oti muli nazo zida galimoto chiyambi Chiyukireniya yomanga omwe ntchito kusiyanitsidwa zida: zitsulo amateteza adalira kwa kuipa kwa zipolopolo ndi moto wambiri anagogoda pa braking zizimva zinyalala. Monga tidanena, ndi nyumba ali anasonkhana kwa zaka Soviet zopangidwa oti muli nazo zida ogwira chonyamulira ndi china chotulutsa zina zida mbale wa adagulung'undisa pepala zitsulo. Kupatula chakudya onse anakhala ndi kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino zomveka kuti azidwala linagawidwa ndi kupereka kuzikonzanso chitetezo makina adalira.

Nyumba BTR-3, umene uli pafupifupi mu zithunzi zonse mobwerezabwereza makhalidwe BTR 80 losiyana appreciable contours yosalala. Monga akunenera okonza Chiyukireniya, zinachitika chifukwa cha chomasuka kuthana ndi mavuto madzi. Kachiwiri, pali zambiri kuti makasitomala akhoza optionally kukhala wokwera M'gulu chipinda ndi kutalika 150 mm, uyenera kuthandiza kulowa ndi kuchoka omenyana, komanso gulu la ovulala pa nkhondo.

makhalidwe sayenda

Wosalira kasamalidwe, ndi kuchepetsa katundu pa dalaivala bwinobwino ndi wamphamvu hayidiroliki mphamvu chiwongolero. Anayi (!) Mwa kutsogolo-chiwongolero, amene bwino maneuverability ndi flotation makina. Pali dongosolo centralized cha umboni wa tayala ndi limagwirira kulamulira awo kuti amalola kuti msanga, popanda kusiya makina, kusintha magawo. Izi ndi zofunika kwambiri makamaka ngati kusuntha chofunika kugonjetsa madera matope ndi madambo.

Magetsi ndi HIV

Panopa BTR-3 "Penyani" walembedwa German injini Deutz BF6M1015, akukamba mphamvu 326 HP. a. makina ali okonzeka ndi HIV kwathunthu basi Allison MD3066. Pali njira bajeti, pamene oti muli nazo zida ogwira chonyamulira amalandira galimoto UTD 20, anayamba mphamvu malita 300. a. Koma si kwambiri kufunika kaya m'dziko kapena kwa makasitomala akunja, monga kuyenda zida chotero kufikira zogwira mtima silikugwirizana.

Achedwa ndi chitsanzo watsopano unakhazikitsidwa injini MTU 6R106TD21, mkati buku - 7.2 malita. galimoto zimenezi kuti apereke mphamvu kwa malita 325. a. Ndipo nthawi iyi, alimi anaganiza kukhazikitsa HIV kwathunthu basi Allison 3200SP. Akuti kumayambiriro 2015 linakonzedwa (chiphunzitso) a zinachitika Chiyukireniya kwathunthu basi. N'zokayikitsa ngati polojekitiyi kudzachitika mu zenizeni panopa zachuma, ndiye yekha kwa kupanga chiphatso zitsanzo yachilendo.

koyilo zofunika

BTR-3E1 ali okonzeka ndi zipolopolo French Michelin matayala. [9] matayala opendekera, tubeless, alternating kuthamanga ndi gawo 365/90 R18 ndi 335/80 R20.

Onyamula zida zatsopano oti muli nazo zida galimoto

Makamaka njira imeneyi wakhala anayamba nkhondowo wagawo CBA-105 "ukuwa" chachikulu chidwi mphamvu ya ndilo masiku 30 mm mfuti ZTM-1 chitsanzo. Atatero, awiri amathamanga mu 7.62 mm makina mfuti 7.62 CT. Kodi adalira BTR-3 (a masiku ano oti muli nazo zida galimoto pambuyo onse) pamsonkhano ndi thanki mdani? "Mpikisano-M" Chifukwa chaichi, makina ali okonzeka ndi awiri ATGM launchers muli 9M114M. Kuukira oyenda kapena kuonetsa kuukira ake 30 mm basi grenade Launcher angagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Pakuti moto kudziletsa ndi olimba wa mfuti waukulu akukumana zovuta OTP-20, amene m'gulu kamangidwe ka latsopano stabilizer VCA-500 zida. ntchito zake kwambiri kuwongolera kuwombera lolondola ngakhale pa mndandanda wautali.

Wina zosinthika ya nkhondowo gawo

Pali zosinthika ya oti muli nazo zida galimoto nkhondowo zida gawo BM-3M "Mphepo". Kumasiyana yekha olimba pachikhalidwe zida ndege ziwiri. Izo zachitika dongosolo, kuyang'aniridwa mwachindunji M. D. Borisyuka. Monga momwe zinalili m'mbuyomu, maziko gawo ndi yaotomatiki 30 mm Cannon chitsanzo ZTM-1 (mfuti - zipolopolo 350) ndi 7.62 mm makina mfuti zipolopolo mu CT ndi zipolopolo 2,000. Kumanja kwa gawo waikidwa kuyambira chidebe "Barrier" ndi anayi mivi odana thanki, ndi kumanzere pali 30mm KBA 117 (basi grenade Launcher).

Monga momwe zinalili m'mbuyomu, utsogoleri pa cholinga kukakumana ndi lolondola osiyanasiyana OTP-20, amene Sasankhana mu ulamuliro dera ATGM "Barrier". Mu udindo wa manja stabilizer mokomera VCA-500. Popeza olimba imachitidwa imodzi mu ndege ziwiri, BTR-3 "The Guardian" (oti muli nazo zida ogwira chonyamulira) akhoza kuchititsa ogwira moto yomweyo, popanda kuwononga nthawi kusiya ndipo aiming. Pa nsanja palinso mortars yaing'ono (81 mm) anafuna lililonse njuga flue "mtambo."

JMA ndi zowoneka

Kodi ntchito ya moto kulamulira njira (MSA)? zida Brand - "Track-M." Akupangidwa ku Chernihiv Radio Zida Bzalani. Zolinga za dongosolo lino monga kudziwika yake ya mipherezero nthaka ndi Helicopters ndi otsika ndege okwera, kukhazikitsa kutsata, komanso mphamvu ya kutali zonse zovuta nkhondowo galimoto.

Mkulu ali kumbali-yekha Unit (ndi mbali yomweyo), "Panorama-2P". Komanso akhoza kukwaniritsa awiri ulamuliro manja mwa wapadera kutali gululi. Large-mtundu panolamiki kamera, omwe ali mbali ya onse mayunitsi ankhondo, angaukitsidwe kukhala ndi kutalika kwa mapazi awiri, kupereka mkulu ndi gunner apamwamba zotheka review. dongosolo lino kubala pa Chernihiv Radio Zida Bzalani.