Kodi malire parachuti commando ambiri? Kufotokozera chipangizo mitundu ya parachutes

Kodi mukudziwa angati mizere ku parachuti commando? Kumene iwo anapanga? Pa mafunso amenewa ndi ena mudzapeza mayankho nkhaniyi. Parachuti ndi chipangizo cha nsalu mwa mawonekedwe a semicircle, kwa yemwe ali Ufumuyo katundu gulaye kapena dongosolo kuyimitsidwa. Ndi kubweza kayendedwe ka chinthu mu mlengalenga. Parachutes ntchito kuzengereza kayendedwe ka makina mapiko ankafika ndi kumalumpha kuchokera zinthu atathana (kapena ndege) oona ndi cholinga afunika ndipo tidakocheza katundu (anthu).

mitundu

Zambiri zosangalatsa kudziwa momwe mizere ambiri ku parachuti commando. Choyamba Air maambulera ntchito kwa ndegeyo zofewa ya munthu padziko lapansi. Lero, ndi thandizo la iwo kupulumutsa anthu, desantiruyutsya mpweya. Komanso, amatumikira monga zida thupi.

Tikufika Katundu ndi katundu magalimoto anakwera ndi maambulera zakuthambo. Ankafika makina katundu ingagwiritsidwe ntchito zipangizo imodzi angapo amenewa. Kupulumutsidwa System pa ndege kuwala ndi mtundu wawo. makina onga zigwirizana parachuti ndi accelerators analimbikitsa kujambula (chida, ballistic kapena pyrotechnic). Pamene mavuto, woyendetsa yosonkhezera kupulumutsidwa galimoto ndi ndege ndi parachuti akukhala pansi. njira izi nthawi kudzudzulidwa.

Small ofunika parachutes (popeza suction) Udindo wa thupi ankalamulira pa mbadwa mosavuta. Zopinga mpweya maambulera cholinga kufupikitsa wotseka mtunda pa magalimoto ndi ndege zankhondo kusiya magalimoto anagona m'mbuyo. Mwachitsanzo, zipangizo umenewu okonzeka ndege Lachiwiri 104 ndi zitsanzo Lachiwiri-oyambirira 134.

Pofuna kuchepetsa mathamangidwe wa spacecraft pamene ankafika pa chinthu lakumwamba kapena pa gulu mlengalenga, komanso kutsatira parachutes. Amadziwika kuti kwa ikamatera anthu ndi katundu cholinga ochiritsira wozungulira lakumwamba ambulela. A zilipodi parachutes chonse mwa mawonekedwe a mapiko Rogallo ndi losololedwa vertex lamba liwiro supersonic, kites - mapiko mu mawonekedwe a ellipse kapena rectangle ndi ena ambiri.

kwa chipangizo disembarkation

Kotero, momwe mizere ku parachuti commando ambiri? Pakuti ankafika abwino akatswiri anthu apanga machitidwe mpweya ambulera:

• wapadera cholinga;
• kupulumutsidwa;
• maphunziro;
• poukira;
• chipolopolo dongosolo mapulani parachuti (masewera).

Mitundu ndi kumenya (kuzungulira) ndi parachutes "phiko" a dongosolo (mapulani chipolopolo zipangizo).

Mitundu ya usilikali "mpweya ambulera"

Asilikali ayenera kudziwa mizere angati ku parachuti commando. Army maambulera kumwamba mitundu iwiri: lalikulu ndi lozungulira. Dome wa wozungulira ankafika parachuti - ndi polygon, wodzala ndi mpweya, zimatengera mtundu wa Chigawo wina. Pamwamba pali cutout (kapena minofu zochepa wandiweyani) pakati. madongosolo otero (mwachitsanzo, D-5, D-10, D-6) yodziwika ndi zotsatirazi mkulu-nyamuka:

• mwachizolowezi ntchito kutalika - kuchokera 800 mpaka 1200 mamita;
• Kuchepetsa kutalika kwa akuponya - 8 Km;
• akuponya mlingo wotsikitsitsa - mamita 200 ndi kuchepa mu mzikiti wodzazidwa ndi osachepera 10 mphindikati ndi 3 gawo olimba.

Round ankafika parachuti zovuta kukwanitsa. Iwo ali pafupifupi wofanana yopingasa ndi ofukula liwiro (5 m / s). Kulemera kwa zipangizozi chiri motere:

• 13.8 makilogalamu (D-5);
• 11,7 makilogalamu (D-10);
• 11,5 makilogalamu (D-6).

Pa parachutes lalikulu (mwachitsanzo, Russian "tsamba" D-12, T-11, United States) ndi mipata zina pa ntsoyi imene parachutist akulamulira kayendedwe yopingasa. Iwo kusintha maneuverability. Cham'mbali liwiro mankhwala - 5 m / s ndi mlingo wa mbadwa - mpaka 4 m / s.

D-6

Tsopano tikupeza mizere angati ku parachuti commando D-6, amene anali mwakuchita "Research Institute parachuti" (atagwira "Aviation Chalk"). Izo ntchito nkhondowo ndi maphunziro-maphunziro kudumpha zoyendera ndege. Poyamba anali ankagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu airborne wa USSR.

Lero, ndi kusinthidwa chipangizo D-6 mndandanda chachinayi, pamodzi ndi watsopano D-10 zibonga zouluka ntchito ndi magulu airborne mpweya. kudzudzulidwa dongosolo lake ndi mzikiti ndi tichipeza gulaye, stabilizer kugwirizana ndi ndizosowa ndi nsonga. Pa nsonga pansi pa Chipilala pansi zozungulira ikuthandizira matepi 16 ali yamazinga ndi stitched zingwe a chingwe hexanoic SHKP-200. M'litali zomangira lakunja, anaika mu boma ufulu uliwonse kuzungulira kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi m'mphepete zingwe zopota wa stabilizer ndi 520 mamilimita ndi chiyerekezo - 500 mm.

Mokoma wa D-6

M'munsi mwa mzikiti D-6 unapangidwa nayiloni zinthu luso. 560011P ndi mbale - kwa nsalu yomweyo, koma ali ndi luso. 56006P. № pakati pa zingwe 15a ndi 15b, 1a ndi 1b, pa maziko a mzikiti ali ndi kusiyana kukula kwa 1600 mm, anafuna kutembenukira pa Chipilala m'munsi. Pa pamwamba pa zingwe 30 ndi Kuzipeka kuchokera nayiloni chingwe SHKP-150. Kumasula kapangidwe inaimitsidwa № m'mbali 2 and 4 mpaka 7 yakwera gulaye ndi № 1 ndi 3 - 8.

mzere kutalika mu ufulu udindo wa buckles theka mphete ku mphepete pansi mzikiti ndi 9000 mm. Iwo achotsedwa awonetse osiyanasiyana mamilimita 200 m'mphepete m'munsi mwa denga ndi mamilimita 400 kuchokera mphete theka, buckles malekezero ufulu. Iwo atsogolere kwambiri zingwe mzikiti kuika. Ndi № zingwe 15a ndi 15b, 1a ndi 1b ali sewn zingwe kugwirizana. The mzikiti ali ndi malo a 83 sq. m.

Gulaye anapangidwa ndi nayiloni ulamuliro wofiira oyang'anira ShKPkr. Iwo anadutsa mphete sewn kuti mbali lamkati la malekezero lopanda dongosolo inaimitsidwa.

D-10

Ndipo tsopano ndikuwuzani inu momwe mizere ambiri ku parachuti commando D-10. Amadziwika kuti lakumwamba denga parachuti m'malo D-6. mzikiti ake mu mawonekedwe a sikwashi, ndi wokongola ndi makhalidwe bwino ali mamita 100 lalikulu. m.

Zida D-10 chopangidwa ankafika oyamba paratroopers. Ndi kuti sangathe kuchita nkhondowo ndi maphunziro kudumpha kunyamula ndi asilikali ndege AN-26, AN-22, AN-12, IL 76 ndege AN-2, Mi ndi Mi-6-8. Pa akuponya mathamangidwe fyuluta ndi 140-400 Km / h, wamng'ono kulumpha kutalika - 200 mamita ndi olimba masekondi 3, pazipita - 4000 mamita ndege misa 140 makilogalamu munthu, kuchepetsa kumachitika pa mlingo wa 5 m / s. Pa parachuti D-10 mizere ya amayesetsa osiyana. Iye ndiye kuunika ndipo ali ambiri mwayi kusamalira.

Msilikali aliyense amadziwa mizere angati pa waukulu parachuti commando D-10. chipangizo 22 ali chingwe kutalika mamita 4 ndi chingwe 4, chikugwirizana ndi slits kumadalira mzikiti, kukula kwa 7 mamita kuchokera nayiloni chingwe SHKP-150.

The parachuti 22 amadziwikanso zida ndi zina zomangira kunja kwa oyang'anira SHKP kutalika 150 mamita 3. Ndiponso, ali mkati kutambasuka 24 a chingwe oyang'anira SHKP-4 kukula 120 m, lokhazikika kwa kudenga zakuya. Chingwe 2 ndi 14 ogwirizana ndi awiri mizere mkati magetsi.

D10P

Kodi wabwino ankafika parachuti? D-10 ndi D10P - dongosolo chodabwitsa. chipangizo D10P lakonzedwa kuti zikhoza kusinthidwa kuti D-10, ndi mosemphanitsa. Ndi inu mukhoza kuchita popanda olimba a kutsegula zachiwawa. Ndipo inu mukhoza Mlengi amene izo, kuika parachuti pa ntchito ndi chosinthika - ndi ndege mlengalenga ...

D10P mzikiti zopangidwa wedges 24, gulaye ndi kugula mphamvu ya makilogalamu 150 lililonse. Chiwerengero chawo zofanana ndi chiwerengero cha zingwe lakumwamba denga D-10.

stepney

Ndipo momwe mizere mu malo parachuti commando ambiri? Amadziwika kuti kamangidwe ka D-10 limakupatsani ntchito zosinthira mpweya maambulera monga 3-5, 3-4, 3-2. Kuwulura wachiphamaso-phirilo loko kutsimikiza parachuti mayunitsi PPK-U-165A-D AD-kukumbukira-D-165.

Taganizirani malo parachuti zikutanthauza 3-5. Amakhala mbali zotsatirazi: mzikiti ndi gulaye, inaimitsidwa dongosolo wogwirizira, chikwama, ndege Buku kutsegula, matumba parachuti ndi zitupa, mbali wothandiza.

Reserve parachuti kumathandiza kuchepetsa liwiro chosaopsa (touchdown). pamwamba zimakhudza analengedwa mu mawonekedwe karkasirovannogo pamwamba wosanjikiza mphamvu mamembala omwe kulumikiza pamwamba ndi atapachikidwa dongosolo wapakatikati.

The parachuti ali Chipilala m'dera lozungulira 50 sq. m, chomwe ndi zigawo zinayi, zopangidwa nayiloni nsalu zisanu. zigawo zikuluzikulu zimenezi cholukanalukana sewn msoko ya kulinga.

Zingwe zopota Ufumuyo m'tchalitchi 24 kuchokera nayiloni chingwe gulaye SHKP-150. kutalika mu malo ufulu m'mphepete pansi pa Chipilala kwa theka mphete atapachikidwa dongosolo staging ndi 6.3 m. Pakuti chomasuka stacking ya gulaye 12 anapangidwa kuchokera wofiira chingwe (kapena malaya ake ofiira sewn chizindikiro).

Aliyense chingwe pa mtunda wa 1.7 mamita m'mphepete pansi pa Chipilala ali ndi wakuda chizindikiro kusonyeza akamaliza malo stacking mu mizere knapsack selo.

mogwirizana kwa zigawo

Ngati parachuti waukulu sachiza, paratrooper ayenera zikuchepa kukokera Chikoka mphete dzanja dzanja kutsegula amafotokozera. Chifukwa, matumba a chipangizo utsi anaika padziko lumen mzati, kuwonekera mu mtsinje mpweya kutulutsidwa m'chipinda chotetezeka ndi knapsack zomangira za parachuti-chute ndi kuchotsedwa therefrom anthu.

Mothandizidwa ndi mzikiti Mpweya chipangizo izi anafotokoza bwinobwino, kupereka ankafika yachibadwa.