Antokolsky ziboliboli Mark Matveevich: yonena, banja, ntchito

Nkhaniyi itithandiza kulankhula za ziboliboli ANTOKOLSKY. Munthu uyu anatchuka chifukwa analenga chodabwitsa, amene okondedwa ndi ambiri. Monga Mark Matveevich moyo, zimene moyo wake? Mayankho a mafunso amenewa amapezeka m'nkhani.

ubwana

Mark Matveevich Antokolsky anabadwa mu 1840, pa 2 November. amuna labambo amabwerera dzina la mzinda wa Vilnius Antakalnis, kumene anakhala banja lonse. Mark wakhala abale 8 ndi alongo. Iwo onse anabadwa mu banja Ayuda. Mayi ndi bambo moyo ndithu modzichepetsa, monga anthu anali m'malo osauka. Pa nthawi yomweyo chidwi linaperekedwa kwa chipembedzo. Komabe, iye si chidwi ndi Mark wamng'ono, amene adakali aang'ono ankachita chidwi mu zojambula. Popeza mnyamata anasolola chimene iye ankafuna ndi kumene iye ankafuna, makolo anachita zowawa zake poyamba mopepuka kenako negative. Koma chifukwa sanali kokha kuti - iwo sanafune kuona ana ake wojambula. Komabe, patapita nthawi, ndi mtima makolo anasintha monga iwo anamdikiriranso khama la mwana wake. Pamene Mark anakulira ndipo n'zoonekeratu kuti luso zojambula, anam'tumiza kuphunzira carvers nkhuni. Munthuyo mofulumira ophunzitsidwa ndipo posapita nthawi ngakhale kuposa mphunzitsi wake. Patapita nthawi, ndi yuntse luso kale ndi anthu ambiri.

Tsogolo ziboliboli chidwi Antokolsky mkazi Wilna General V. Nazimova, amene anathandiza matalente wamng'ono. Ndi kuyamika zinafuna ake ndi Relations Mark anatenga kuphunzira pa Academy of Tirhana. Iye analoledwa kukhala mongodzipereka mu kalasi chosema.

Kupambana loyamba

Kale mu 1864 Mark Matveevich Antokolsky amalandira Mendulo siliva wa mkulu mpumulo "Myuda-telala" analenga. Pambuyo ntchito mwakhama zaka zinayi munthu amatenga golide mphoto mpumulo mkulu lotchedwa "The Miser."

Mwa njira, pamene wophunzira pa Academy of Tirhana munthu mwangwiro katswiri Chirasha, komanso kufunira mabuku Russian ndi mbiri. Motero m'pofunika tione kuti kunyumba analankhula Chiyidishi. Chidwi ndi chikhalidwe Russian, Analenga fano la "Ivan Grozny" mu 1970, zomwe zikutipatsa zimakhala mlengalenga - wosema wamng'ono Antokolsky analandira udindo wa academician mu sukulu yake. Duchess Maria Nikolaevna, amene anali woyang'anira wa Academy of Tirhana, anadza anasangalala chodzala tsaya ataona ntchito Maliko. Zinali iye amene analankhula za luso mnyamata kwa Mfumu Alexander Wachiwiri, amene fano la anakhudzidwa komanso. Iye ngakhale anaganiza kuti agule izo kwa Hermitage ndi kugwira ntchito 8 zikwi rubles, amene panthawiyo anali ndi kuchuluka yaikulu ndalama.

nthawi kukhwima

Antokolsky Mark Matveevich, amene yonena kuti tiganizire, atamaliza maphunziro awo Academy zopita ku Paris ndi Rome. Mwa njira, mu masiku amenewo ambiri anali omaliza. Ndiko kunena kuti, mitala. Iye akhapidziwa kuti munthu akhale ndi mbuye wake wabwino, ndi kutha chinthu chatsopano, iye anali kuona ntchito ya ojambula zithunzi zabwino zoyambirira, amatanganidwa m'mlengalenga chikhalidwe. Chipilala Peter 1 mu Taganrog pathupi chosema ngakhale pa maphunziro ake pa Academy, koma ntchito pa izo, anayamba okha Rome. Likufanana ndi ichi, munthuyo nakhala membala lolingana wa Paris Academy. Kale mu 1878 iye amasonyeza analenga zabwino chionetsero World unachitikira ku Paris. Mwa njira, Peter 1 chipilala mu Taganrog ndi chimodzi basi yabwino.

Ziboliboli Antokolsky analandira apamwamba zotheka mphoto ndi Order ya Legiyo Ulemu. Patapita nthawi, munthu wakhala membala lolingana wa maphunziro ambiri ku Ulaya Western: London, Vienna, Berlin ndi ena.

Patapita zaka

Mu 1889, munthu amalenga fano "Nestor ya mbiri." zaka 2 kenako ziboliboli anamaliza ntchito zina ziwiri zofunika izi: fano la mkuwa "Ermak" ndi majolica "Yaroslav Mudry."

Kuwonjezera ziboliboli, Marko analemba kwambiri m'zaka za posachedwapa. nkhani zake za luso lofalitsidwa zosiyanasiyana magazini Europe. Mu 1887 iye lakuti "Autobiography", ndipo atatsala pang'ono kufa, iye analemba buku "Ben-Isaac" amene anadzipereka moyo wake kwa Ayuda.

Pambuyo pa imfa ya buku lalikulu munthu linasindikizidwa "Mark Matveevich Antokolsky. moyo wake, ntchito, makalata ndi nkhani. "

Antokolsky anafa Frankfurt am Main, koma ena amati m'manja mlengalenga m'tauni ya Bad Homburg. Iye anaikidwa pa Chiwalitsiro ya manda Ayuda ku St. Petersburg. Dziwani kuti ubwana munthu wokhulupirira, zotsalira za masiku onse a moyo wake, kusunga miyambo ya Chiyuda. tombstone ali chokongoletsedwa ndi zithunzi Torah mpukutuwo, menorah ndi Nyenyezi ya Davide.

banja

Monga banja, ndi ziboliboli analibe mkazi kapena ana. banja lake amaona kuti kukhala mphwanga Elena Tarhanova, amenenso anali wojambula. mkazi anali atakwatiwa ndi physiologist wotchuka Ivanom Tarhanovym. Ndi Antokolsky anali abale mizimu, choncho nthawi zonse anali kulemberana, pamodzi anakumana ndi mavuto kulenga.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Ziboliboli yang'anirani antokolsky wotchuka kwambiri. Munthu wotereyu aluso anali otsatira ambiri. Awiri a iwo - ndi Boris Schatz ndi Ilya Ginzburg.

Woyamba Russian zopangidwa chosema, umene anagula mu West - ntchito Antokolsky "Tsar Ivan Vasilievich kwambiri." Anapeza ntchito anali mu Kensington Museum.

Mu Yerusalemu pali msewu umene chikutchedwa Antokolsky.

"Ermak" ndi "Ivan Grozny"

Taganizirani banja lina ziboliboli chidwi kwambiri yang'anirani antokolsky - "Ermak". Choyamba, tiyeni tinene kuti ntchito zonse ziboliboli anaphedwa kalembedwe Kuzindikira, ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani ali ndi wokongola. Komanso, tikamaona yolinganizika ndi momveka wa chilengedwe chake. Ntchito pa "Ermak" Antokolsky inayamba mu 1881. Ermak Timofeevich - m'mbiri. Mumadziwika Cossack Mtsogoleri amene anatsogolera anagonjetsa Siberia boma Russian. N'zosadabwitsa kuti Mark, amene anali wofunitsitsa mbiri Russian, anakopeka Ermak chithunzi. Ndi lingaliro kwambiri za izo ali mlanduwu wozungulira tsiku - ndi tercentenary wa anagonjetsa Siberia. "Top" yafika nthawi yomweyo mwalamulo analamula kuti akonze chosema.

Ngakhale kuti mu mabuku pali kufotokozera chokwanira cha ngwazi za, Antokolsky ankatanthauza fano omveka, kusonyeza mtima. Pamaso pake inali ntchito kulenga chithunzi kuti anaimira mphamvu ya mzimu wa anthu onse Russian. Modabwitsa, Mark Matveevich kwenikweni anakwanitsa recreate izo zonse mu nkhope ya munthu wosakwatiwa. A chithunzi yaikulu munthu chidwi ndi kukula kwake ndi mphamvu. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti wankhondo zida zopangidwa ndi zolondola kwambiri ndi lodalirika mbiri. A zambiri nthawi ndi khama anathera pa chilengedwe cha chosema lodabwitsa, koma zinali zopindulitsa.

Chifaniziro "Ivan Grozny" anali yoyamba ntchito za amuna. chilengedwe ichi imagwiridwa ndi chidwi zachilendo mwatsatanetsatane. Mfumu okhala pampando wa chifumu mkulu, mapewa ake ataphimbidwa ndi odula zofewa, ndi pa mapazi ake - mphamvu pa dziko lonse. Ndi zodabwitsa bwanji mu chosema wina Marc Antokolsky akhoza amasonyeza pafupifupi anthu onse odziwa ndi amene anali ofunika kwa iye. Mu ulamuliro wake, mfumu ipyole kwambiri, chifukwa iye anali atakalamba mantha. Koma mfumu zovuta kuvomereza zolakwa zawo, ndi chifukwa chopendekekera mmbuyo, kupanga izo zikuwoneka ngati surly nkhalamba. Ngakhale kuzindikira za machimo ake, sakhoza kupempha chikhululukiro, chifukwa izo zimakhala ngakhale kovuta.

Mark Matveevich Antokolsky: "Imfa ya Socrates"

lingaliro anabadwa kuchokera wolemba mu 1874. Amadziwika kuti ambiri mwa ntchito za Mlengi ndizodzazidwa ndi sewero mkati, makamaka zifaniziro za aphunzitsi wakale. ntchito chinalengedwa 1877.

Socrates anali kusankha: kusiya maganizo ake kapena kufa. Woganiza anasankha njira yachiwiri. Ntchito chosema chinali zinkaimira ikutha mukusowa moyo ndi makhalidwe ukulu wa feat. Mark Matveevich anati iye ankafuna kuti akonze chosema pa nthawi ya imfa ya Socrates, kuwonetsera tsoka lalikulu la mmene anthu amafa chifukwa cha malingaliro awo.

Tinakambirana za moyo ndi ntchito ya ziboliboli Antokolsky. mayendedwe ake kudzera moyo linadzaza zazikulu osati, komanso mavuto. Ngakhale ena kulimbana ndi thupi, munthu amakana patsogolo kuchita zinthu mumakonda, kuchibweretsa icho ku ungwiro.