Aigupto cartouche - ndi chizindikiro cha Afarao

Zamatsenga ndiponso mwachinsinsi dziko la Egypt yakale chimakopa anthu ku dziko lonse. Ambiri mwa makhalidwe ake tsiku ndi tsiku lero ndi chinsinsi kwa ambiri.

Nkhaniyi adzayesa pang'ono kuchotsa chophimba mwachinsinsi. Mudzaphunzira zimene cartouche Iguputo. amulet ichi, chizindikiro zopumira, kapena chinachake?

Kodi kumvetsa hieroglyphs?

Ndi kalata chachilendo ndi zachilendo analanda Mwachidule. "Zizindikiro wopatulika," monga iwo anali kutchedwa Agiriki akale, kapena hieroglyphs chosema pa mwala zidutswa za mapiramidi, Stella, mapale zinalembedwa pa gumbwa ndi zikopa. Koma palibe anthu oyandikana sanali cholinga kudutsa mu chinsinsi chawo.

Choncho, ndondomeko decoding kalatayi anachedwa kwa zaka zambiri. The yojambula anabwera yekha mwa ngozi. French wofufuza Francois Shompolon athe kumvetsa mbali yaikulu ya zilembo ntchito ndi Rosetta Stone. Zinali awiri a lemba chomwecho. Mmodzi mwa Greek wakale, wachiwiri - pa Aigupto.

Woyamba kuwerenga maina a Cleopatra ndi Ptolemy, unazunguliridwa mu cartouches.

Choncho, chiyambi cha Egyptology kuika ndendende atchulidwa. Photo wa Rosetta lolembedwa Tingaone pansipa.

Mitundu ya kalembedwe kakale

dongosolo kulemba anayamba kwa nthawi yaitali. Deti limeneli, ofufuza amakhulupirira pakhomo IV ndi III Zakachikwi BC.

Poyamba panali pictograms wophweka, kuti akukoka mawu amatanthauza. Ngati dzuwa anakopeka, ndiye ndiye yekha kuti kuwala ndi china chirichonse.

Kenako kuyamba kukuza kuchuluka kwa mafano. Tsopano dzuwa angatanthauze osati wokha wokha, komanso mawu otero monga "tsiku."

M'kupita kwa nthawi, kalata amakhala zovuta. Tsopano hieroglyphics zikuimira zilembo, syllables, mawu.
Pali kulemba machitidwe ena. Pali tsopano m'chinenero ndi hieratic kalata, ndi chakale hieroglyphs wopatulika. Photos ya zilembo ziwiri zoyambirira zili pansipa.

Cartouche ndi chiyani? chithunzi

Popeza hieroglyphs Aigupto kuwerenga ndi French, ndi chizindikiro ichi anaitanidwa chinenero. "Cartouche" amatanthauza "phukusi, mtolo," Ndipo zimenezi, iye anati.

Kwenikweni, kunapezeka, ndi fano stylized mphete muyaya. Za iye tidzakambirana ina.

Choncho, kodi tanthauzo la chizindikiro ichi? Aiguputo anaitcha "chenois" - "muyaya". Cartouche - dera wapadera ndi zinatsimikizira - okoltsovka mfumu dzina malemba. Zofanana ndi njira yamakono ya kulemba ndi likulu kalata. Mu hieroglyphics chifukwa sanali yaikuluikulu makalata, zopumira zizindikiro.

Koyamba kwa chakacho khalidwe mu ulamuliro wa Farao Sneferu, pafupi zaka 2500 BC.

The cartouche kukhomereza woyamba awiri mayina asanu a Farao, monga atatu otsalira anali maudindo chabe. Mawu oyamba ndi dzina chitunda ufumu, ndipo chachiwiri - anapatsidwa akangobadwa.

Monga tanena kale, mu Egypt panali zolembedwa zingapo, zilembo. The kalembedwe ka (m'chinenero) cartouche - izo zangokhala awiri m'mabokosi ndi mzere umodzi.

mphete shen

Poyamba, chizindikiro ili mukuimira muyaya ndi kutetezedwa magulu a adani. Kenako, mu nthawi Agiriki ndi Aroma, amagwirizana ndi Ouroborosom, kuti njoka ikuluma mchira yake.

Pakati pa lachitatu Zakachikwi BC, Afarao anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito dzina lake ichi zoteteza matsenga mawonekedwe. Mawu awiri oyambirira dzina wachifumu kuperekedwa pa kubadwa ndipo akhala kudziwika kwa ambiri.

Izo zinkakhala kuti ngati inu kudziwa dzina lenileni la munthu kapena chinthu, kukhala wamphamvu pa iwo. zikhulupiriro izi lidakalipobe kwa XIX atumwi, pamene Abale Grimm nthano olembedwa 'Rumpelstiltskin. "

Nthawi zambiri walembapo "chenois" mabwenzi a Farao akulamulira ndi Horus, kabawi mulungu. The yamasika amateteza mfumu, komanso lilili adzalamulira mpaka kalekale monga wolowa wake. Zimenezi zikusonyezedwa ndi nthambi ya kanjedza, limene pali stylized cartouche. Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha ulamuliro.

Motero, Farao mwalamulo ankanena mphamvu ya Umulungu wake pa Upper ndi wotsika Egypt.

nji-

Kukhulupirira matsenga luso mobisa kuvulaza munthu wina anapereka chitukuko cha umenewu, monga kupanga mphinjiri ndi chithumwa.

Poyamba, anali kokha chizindikiro cha banja lachifumu. Iwo azungulira dzina la Farao ndi mkazi wake. Koma kenako, pamene dziko anabwera mchikakamizo cha agonjetsi zosiyanasiyana, khalidwe anasamukira ku gulu la ogula. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, cartouche Iguputo - izo zangokhala akusowekapo kwa amulet lapansi.

Izi chowulungika piritsi ya mwala, chitsulo, matabwa kapena dongo lomwe linalembedwa dzina la munthu amene anagula izo.

Pali nthano zambiri za chiyambi cha cartouche mu udindo wa amulet ndi.

Malinga woyamba wa iwo, ndi stylized ubweya chingwe, kumene wongosamukasamuka ndi Bedouins anazungulira kumahema awo. Zimenezi kumathandiza ingress wa tizilombo yaing'ono, zinkhanira, njoka ndi zokwawa zina mkati.

Baibulo chachiwiri ndi chakuti wamba zoteteza matsenga bwalo.

Wapafupi ndi mwambo Aigupto lachitatu. Apa cartouche ndi kuwona chithunzi stylized a dziko lapansi mulungu Geb (mzere yopingasa), pamwamba womwenso wamkulu wamkazi Mtedza. Limafotokoza ndi kuteteza ku mavuto ndifotokoze mavuto.

Mfundo mu mwambo lachinsinsi la Egypt izo ankakhulupirira kuti cartouche muli ndi chidutswa cha moyo wa munthu, dzina kwalembedwa mkati.

Mu njira iyi, owerenga wokondedwa, lero timaphunzira inu kuti cartouche izi Iguputo.