Chombo "Lenin" - oyamba padziko lonse lapansi nyukiliya zoyendetsedwa ngalawa

Pamene mu 1959 pomanga chombo choyamba nyukiliya zoyendetsedwa linamalizidwa mu Soviet Union padziko lonse, onse atolankhani akunja anayamba kulemba za zipambano chachikulu ichi sayansi ndi luso asayansi Soviet. Ngalawayi unatchedwa mtsogoleri woyamba Soviet wa zisinthe. Chombo "Lenin" chinali chiyambi cha nyengo yatsopano mphamvu atomiki zolinga mtendere.

Mbiri ya pomanga woyamba chombo nyukiliya zoyendetsedwa

Mu 1953, pa Party Congress mu Moscow, anaganiza kuyamba kumanga latsopano kalasi ayezi kulowerera, amene adzakhala ndi mphamvu za nyukiliya mbewu. Kukula kwa sitima zapamadzi nyukiliya analamula asayansi kuchokera ku Central Design Bureau-15 (tsopano wotchedwa CDB "madzi oundana"). Kwa zaka ziwiri, kuchokera 1953 mpaka 1955, anali ndi ntchito nambala 92 (malamulo dzina la sitima zapamadzi nyukiliya). Ndiye, mu chaka cha 1953 ndi Bungwe la nduna za USSR, anaganiza pa dzina latsopano chotengeracho. Chombo "Lenin" - momwe woyamba anali kutchedwa Chombo pa dziko. Malo glavkonstruktora apatsidwa Vasily Ivanovich Neganova. The CRI "Prometheus" chifukwa Zombo anayamba wapadera zitsulo nduna. Pamene mapeto a 1955 kamangidwe inatha, pomanga chombo anaganiza kuti tisasenzetse wotchuka Leningrad doko la zombo zapanyanja. A.Marti ndi womanga wake waukulu yoikidwiratu V. Chernyakova. Komabe, zinthu zambiri ayezi wokonzedwera m'mafakitale osiyana a dziko. Mwachitsanzo, turbines m'madzi chopangidwa pa fakitale mzinda Kirova magudumu - Ukraine, ndi Kharkov electromechanical zomera ndi zisa Motors - pa "mphamvu Zamagetsi" (Leningrad), etc. Mwachidule, anamanga dziko lonse. Mu December 1957, woyamba nyukiliya zoyendetsedwa Chombo "Lenin" unayambitsidwa pa madzi Neva. Zinali chamadzi sitima ndi masts awiri ndi ndegeyo nsanja aft. Iye anali magawo zotsatirazi: m'lifupi (pazipita) - 27,6 m, gulu kutalika - 16,1 m, kutalika (pazipita) - mamita 134, ndi kusamuka kwa chombo - 17810 tonnes mphamvu yaikulu unsembe - 44.000 ndiyamphamvu, liwiro la patsogolo H ya .. - 19,6 mfundo.

Mayesero loyamba

Panafunika wina miyezi 22. Mu September 1959, ndi doko la zombo zapanyanja mbewu A. Marty anabwera ake mayeso oyamba kupalasa zoyendetsedwa Chombo "Lenin". Woyendetsa ngalawa anaikidwa PA Ponomarev. Kuyambira atolankhani a zaka anadziwika kuti panali nthumwi ambiri ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana pa bolodi. Alendo ambiri otchuka anali tsogolo la United States Pulezidenti Richard Nixon ndi Nduna British Harold Macmillan. Manyuzipepala ndi magazini padziko lonse buku lotchedwa "Chombo" Lenin ", chithunzi cha wotchuka alendo nyukiliya zoyendetsedwa ndi odziwika bwino pa bolodi. Pambuyo pa mapeto a nthawi mlanduwu chotengeracho m'manja mwa USSR MMF. Mu 1960, anali kale mu Murmansk, pamene anali kupita ku North Pole.

kufufuza tsiku Arctic

Chombo "Lenin" - oyamba padziko lonse lapansi nyukiliya zoyendetsedwa chombo, wakhala chizindikiro osiyanasiyana kozizira. Mu August 1960, izo anapezerapo navigation wosapitirira Arctic. Zinatha masiku 100, ndipo kutsogolo kwa sitimayo anadikira ntchito zambiri udindo kuti amachita ngati zenizeni chimphona-mpulumutsi, kuchotsa njira munakhala mu ayezi kwa zombo zambiri. Kunanenedwa imakafika convoys monga mtsogoleri. Ndi Hardy ndi wamphamvu kwambiri chombo wakhala ndipo nthawizonse kunyada kwa zombo Russian.