Hanseatic League. The malonda woyamba ndi chilumikizano chuma mbiri ya Ulaya

Mu Germany lero, pali chizindikiro chapadera cha kusiyana, umboni kuti mizinda isanu ndi iwiri ya boma ndi ndizo miyambo osowa mbiri ya yaitali, matanthauzo opindulitsa ndi zaufulu mgwirizano. chizindikiro ichi - Latin kalata H. Zikutanthauza kuti mzinda, anayamba ndi kuti mbale kalata chilolezo, anali m'gulu la League Hanseatic. HB makalata bwalolo chilolezo iyenera kuwerengedwa ngati Hansestadt Bremen - «Hanseatic City a Bremen», HL -. «Hanseatic mzinda wa Lübeck" Kalata H ndi m'kachipinda galimoto ufulu mizinda ya Hamburg, Greifswald, Stralsund, Rostock ndi Wismar, kusewera mu akale Hanse mbali yofunika.

Hansa - dera lino, imene XIII - XVII zaka United ufulu mizinda German kuteteza amalonda ndi malonda ku mphamvu ya ambuye ang'onoang'ono, komanso olowa atasemphana achifwamba. Yonseyi ikutchulapo mzinda umene ankakhala, anthuŵa - nzika free, iwo, mosiyana ndi nzika za mafumu ndi ambuye ang'onoang'ono, kumvera malamulo a "ufulu m'tawuni" (Lubeck, Magdeburg). The Hanseatic League nthawi zosiyanasiyana linakhalapo inkakhala mizinda 200, kuphatikizapo Berlin ndi Dorpat (Tartu), Danzig (Gdańsk) ndi Cologne, Konigsberg (Kaliningrad) ndi Riga. Kukhala kuvomerezedwa kwa amalonda onse malamulo ku Lübeck, wakhala pakati yaikulu malonda apanyanja mu beseni la North ndi Baltic Pacific, zonse zimapita msonkhano ophunzira wamphumphu. Mu ena m'mizinda ya ku Ulaya, si mamembala a League Hanseatic, panali "maofesi" - nthambi ndi maudindo woimira League Hanseatic, maudindo kutetezedwa ndi encroachments akalonga m'dera ndi mizinda yambiri. Yaikulu "ofesi" lili London, Bruges, Bergen ndi Novgorod. Tinganene, "makhoti German" anali doko awo ndi malo, ndi sayeneranso kwambiri za malipiro ndi misonkho.

Malinga ndi olemba mbiri ena amakono, zochitika, anayambitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mgwirizano malonda ayenera kuonedwa ngati maziko a Lübeck mu 1159 League Hanseatic anali chitsanzo kawirikawiri ndi macheza, imene magulu onse ntchito kumafano wamba - chitukuko ubale malonda. Chifukwa amalonda German ya kum'mwera ndi kumadzulo kwa Africa analandira katundu kuchokera kummawa ndi kumpoto Europe: matabwa, tsitsi, uchi, phula, rye. CPSB (sailboats), othodwa ndi mchere nsalu, ndipo vinyo zinali zosiyana. M'zaka za m'ma XV League Hanseatic anayamba kuona kugonjetsedwa pambuyo kugonjetsedwa ndi mtundu boma, kukonzanso akutulukira m'dera la zake zofuna zachuma: England, Netherlands, boma Muscovite, Denmark ndi Poland. Olamulira a amitundu kupeza mphamvu sanafune kutaya ndalama kuchokera zogulitsa kunja Choncho, kwathetsa Hanseatic makhoti malonda. Komabe, Hansa analipo mpaka m'zaka XVII. mamembala ambiri kugonjetsedwa la Mgwirizano anali kwenikweni inasokonekera Lübeck - chizindikiro cha mphamvu amalonda German, Bremen ndi Hamburg. Mizindayo mu 1630 adalowa atatu njira mgwirizano. Hanseatic malonda mgwirizano anakomoka pambuyo 1669. Zinali ndiye mu Lübeck anali msonkhano wotsiriza, amene anakhala chochitika chomaliza mu mbiri ya League Hanseatic.

Analysis wa zinachitikira yoyamba m'mbiri ya Ulaya zachuma ndi malonda kucheza, zikayenda ake ndi miscalculations chidwi mbiri yakale ndipo kuti amalonda masiku ano andale amene maganizo amakhala otanganidwa ndi nkhani European kusakanikirana.