Adyo processing pamaso kubzala. Features wa kulima adyo

Adyo ali mankhwala katundu mkulu, pamaso pa zomwe ndi chifukwa imachita mipweya. Lili zoposa 26% chakudya, mapuloteni mu chiwiya, ascorbic asidi ndi mankhwala Arsenic. Iwo ali pamodzi mu ntchito ya adyo yaiwisi ndi zotsatira achire. Komanso, phytoncide mababu ndi zotsatira kutchulidwa.

Pali mitundu itatu ya mbewu masamba: yozizira (muvi ndi nestrelkuyuschiysya) ndi adyo masika. Kukula ndi wachikondi - njira yosavuta, koma ndi zina zapadera. Kuti mudziwe mmene kupeza mkulu zokolola za adyo, kuwerenga nkhaniyi.

mitundu yozizira wa adyo

• Danilovsky Local - nestrelkuyuschiysya Fungo lamphamvu lamankhwala adyo. anyezi Large ndi 6-11 denticles kuphimba mamba ali ndi chibakuwa kulocha.
• Gribovsky 60 - arrowhead adyo, anyezi kupanga mano lalikulu 7-11. Mtundu ❖ kuyanika mamba - wofiira ndi zofiirira.
• Gribovsky chikumbutso - ozizira zosagwira zosiyanasiyana mivi adyo. Babu kulemera 40 ga, kuchuluka cloves ndendende 11, ❖ kuyanika ali wofiirira mtundu mamba.
• Komsomolets - ozizira zosagwira yozizira kalasi ndi kukoma kwake ndi muvi. Major babu tichipeza 7-11 cloves, TACHIMATA Kuwonekera pinki mamba ndi mthunzi violet.

Zosiyanasiyana kasupe adyo

Gulu la adyo zachokera pamene kudzala adyo mu nthaka lotseguka. Zima obzalidwa kugwa ndi masika oyambirira - chilimwe. Wotchuka kwambiri pakati wamaluwa koyamba. Komabe, pali mitundu zabwino kwambiri ndi kutsimikiziridwa wa kasupe adyo.

• Demidov - Urals kalasi kusankha, akulimbikitsidwa kulima mu Russia. Anyezi masekeli mpaka 47 ga, 16 cloves mtundu Kuwonekera mamba - kirimu. Kulawa Peninsula, moyo alumali kwambiri - mpaka miyezi 10.
• Elenovsky - ololera mitundu kugonjetsedwa ndi nematodes, ndi bwino kusunga khalidwe. babu kulemera - mpaka 23 G 16 anapanga cloves. Chakudya cha pachilumbachi. Mtundu ❖ kuyanika mamba - woyera.
• Nugget - lalikulu zosiyanasiyana za mababu kasupe adyo ndi unyinji wa 67 ga, ndipamene 19-23 cloves. Thupi la chilumba cha kukoma, woyera, kuphimba mamba ndi woyera.

Zima adyo: chodzala masiku

Monga tanenera kale pamwambapa, yozizira adyo anabzala m'munda kugwa. Mivi sukulu, ambiri mawonekedwe mababu mobisa kuwonjezera inflorescence, limene anayamba mababu, babu.

Musanayambe kupeza momwe Chitani ntchito ya adyo pamaso kubzala, muyenera kupeza nthawi ayenera anabzala. Monga kuona kuti palibe tsiku lenileni. kusiya-kuchokera nthawi zimatengera pa nyengo. Kuona kuti ziyenera kuchitidwa za 1-1.5 miyezi pamaso pa chithunzithunzi ozizira. Panthawi imeneyi mano ayenera mizu ndi kukhala wabwino mizu kuti likulowerera cm 10-12 kwambiri, koma osati kuti "tiyeni 'masamba. Kumadera ndi nyengo yozizira nyengo kubzala ikuyamba pa 20 September, kum'mwera zambiri - kuchokera October 14. Ngati adyo mbewu pamaso izo kumera, ngati kenako - amaundana.

Kukonzekera zakuthupi kubzala

Kukonzekera kubzala adyo imayamba ndi ulendo zakuthupi kubzala. Ntchito yokolola chaka panopa ali. Sungani ichi bwino zouma, wathanzi mababu. Ngati adzakhala pano mu owonjezera chinyezi, iwo mwamsanga kumera. Mosamala iwo mu mano munthu, popewa kuwonongeka kwa odula mbewu. Ndiye azigwirizana iwo ndi kukula mu lalikulu, sing'anga ndi yaing'ono.

Disassemble babu pa mano ayenera kukhala basi pamaso kubzala, mwinamwake izo zikhoza oyanikapo zimayambira, ndipo izi sachedwa kwambiri mapangidwe mizu.

adyo processing pamaso kubzala zikhoza kuchitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana, ena tikambirana zina. Ngakhale kusiyana onsewo ali ndi cholinga chimodzi - kuthandiza achinyamata clove chisanu ndi kuwateteza ku matenda zotheka. Zotsatirazi njira processing amaonedwa yabwino kwambiri: phulusa njira ya mchere manganese ndi sulphate mkuwa, NPK.

adyo processing asanadzalemo mu saline njira ndi sulphate mkuwa

Kubzala zakuthupi wosambitsa mu saline njira (ndende: 3 supuni ya mchere malita asanu a madzi ..) Pakuti angapo Mphindi. Kuti izo yabwino, mukhoza kuwonjezera kinks onse mu kansalu kapena kukulunga iwo mu thonje ndipo muvale kumalekezero a gawo monga thumba pulasitiki.

Gawo lachiwiri - mankhwala ndi sulphate mkuwa. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kuchepetsa malita khumi madzi 1 tbsp. L. mankhwala ndi kuviika mu adyo njira kwa miniti wina. Pambuyo pake, popanda kutsuka mano, kuponya pa bedi. Kuchitiridwa adyo asanadzalemo sulphate mkuwa makamaka umalimbana popewa chitukuko cha matenda osiyanasiyana. Thiabendazole angagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa onse chisanu ndi mitundu masika.

Pamene chodzala, kutsatira calibration. Sizimayenderana mano zazikulu, kotero inu muti mphukira wochezeka.

Akuwukha mu njira phulusa

Nthawi zambiri mukhoza kupeza funso ngati kuti ankawaviika asanadzalemo adyo. Zimadalira amene zosiyanasiyana mwasankha. Pankhani adyo yozizira, ndi bwino kutero. Cholinga cha akuwukha - kuthandiza mano mofulumira zimaswa. Choncho, n'kofunika pa nkhani ya dzinja adyo. Wake chisanadze kutsogolo, tikulimbikitsidwa zilowerere mu firiji kwa mwezi umodzi.

Akuwukha m'phulusa - mwina njira yakale kwambiri kwa bajeti. The phulusa opangidwa zedi okwanira mu kusamba. Monga m'nyengo yozizira iyo iyenera kusonkhanitsidwa. Kukonzekera makapu awiri phulusa njira lembani malita awiri a madzi otentha. M'pofunika kudikira osakaniza chabwino lagawidwa zigawo. Nthawi iyi, njira ayenera kuziziritsa, kutsanulira kuwala kwake gawo mu chidebe osiyana. Kuti ayenera akhathamiritsa mano a adyo kwa ola limodzi.

Akuwukha adyo yankho la permanganate potaziyamu

adyo processing potaziyamu permanganate pamaso kubzala - kumakhalanso njira sizachilendo. Pankhani ya mitundu yozizira ayenera kupanga mwachangu. Muzilankhula tine zokwanira min 1-2. mu njira pang'ono pinki. Pankhani yotentha adyo, mchitidwe akuwukha kwa maola 10-12.

Komanso, n'zotheka kuchititsa mankhwala mabuku. Pakuti cloves izi adyo nitroammophoska poyamba ankawaviika njira ofooka (1 tbsp. L. mankhwala malita khumi madzi). Pambuyo tsiku lina zinthu kubzala aikidwa mu njira mchere 20 min. Kumapeto kwa adyo choviikidwa wina Mphindi 20. mkuwa sulphate yankho. The woipa ndi amodzi akhala tatchulazi.

Kulima adyo yozizira

Ngati yokonza adyo kubzala chitachitidwa molondola, ngati n'koyenera kwambiri, ndipo mbewu zabwino ndi amphamvu, kasupe oyambirira, mwamsanga ngati chipale chimasungunula m'munda, padzakhala mphukira. Pa nthawi imeneyi, pofuna kupewa mapangidwe kutumphuka ndi kuonetsetsa mwayi kwa mpweya kuti mizu ya zomera, m'pofunika poryhlit nthaka akuya masentimita 2-3.

Kuthirira adyo ikuchitika ku May woyamba masiku khumi a July. Lekani kwa pafupi masiku makumi awiri pamaso pa zokolola kuyembekezera. Voliyumu ya madzi ankadya zimadalira kutentha mpweya. Ndi wofanana ndi pafupifupi 10-12 malita pa 1 mita ² Periodicity a madzi - kamodzi pa masiku khumi (ndi chilimwe mutentha kwambiri yafupika 5-6).

kudya

Kuthirira adyo akhoza bwinobwino pamodzi ndi fetereza. Tiyeni tikambirane zimene kudyetsa yozizira adyo kukula bwino. Nthawi zambiri feteleza bwino ikuchitika mu magawo atatu pamene kukula kwa zomera.

Kamodzi anapanga adyo 3-4 tsamba woona, kutsanulira ndi yankho la urea ndi kuwaza kapena kuthirira. njira ndende - 1 tbsp. L. feteleza pa malita 10 a madzi. kuchuluka amenewa zitikwanira kwa lonse maluwa bedi, monga mlingo wa otaya - malita 3.2 pa 1 mita ^2.

Pamaso chakudya yozizira adyo kachiwiri, dikirani masabata awiri pambuyo mankhwala oyamba. Pakuti yokonza njira michere wasukuluka ndi malita khumi madzi ndi nitrophosphate NPK kapena mankhwala "Agricola" kapena "chonde." mlingo mumayenda ndi 4-5 L pa 1 mita ^2.

Chachitatu feteleza Cholinga 'kuchirikiza "mbewu nthawi mapangidwe a babu, ndipo ndi koyenera kuti theka lachiwiri la June. malita khumi madzi kuchepetsedwa ndi superphosphate wosweka (2 tbsp. L.). Mowa wa njira ndi malita 4-5 pa 1 mita ^2.

Spring adyo: kulima ndi kusamalira

Agrotechnics kasupe adyo si losiyana kwa mnzake ake yozizira. Zomera ayenera kukonzekera nthaka yachonde patsogolo ntchito mchere ndi feteleza organic. Kutalika kwa mabedi akhoza zimasiyana masentimita 12 ndi 15, m'lifupi Sikuti kuchita zoposa 90 cm.

Kunyamula chimodzi mwa njira pamwamba pa processing adyo asanadzalemo. Ndiye mano kutera pa bedi pa mtunda wa masentimita 6-8 kuti akuya masentimita 2-3.

Atangomva mphukira, zomera ayenera manyowa feteleza munali asafe. Ntchito ya urea kapena mullein njira. chisamaliro chinanso adyo ndi yake Kupalira ndi tithe kumvetsa kumasulira nthaka, kuthirira. Mu May, nthaka asungike lonyowa zonse. Pafupipafupi kuthirira mu nthawi ino ya chaka - kamodzi pa sabata.

Pamene mababu anayamba kupanga, adyo ndi zofunika kudyetsa phosphorous-potaziyamu mankhwala. Izi zikhoza kukhala potaziyamu mankhwala enaake, sulphate potassium kapena superphosphate. Mosamalitsa kutsatira mlingo anasonyeza pa phukusi. Pakati Mavalidwe anatsanulira mu kanjira yosavuta mlingo phulusa la galasi mmodzi wa 1 mita ^2.

Spring adyo anayamba kuyeretsa pambuyo misa kuyanika wa masamba a gawo m'munsi, komanso malo ogona ndi chikasu masamba chapamwamba. Mababu bwino youma ndi kugona yosungirako.