22 LR (katiriji): makhalidwe, review

.22 LR (katiriji) - ndi munition wotchuka kwambiri pakati alenje ndi masewera kuwombera (oyambirira Long mfuti, pomasulira kwa English - "mfuti yaitali"). Zida pansi pake tsopano kumasulidwa pang'ono, chifukwa specialization yopapatiza: kwenikweni izo ntchito masewero ang'ono kusaka.

kusiyana

.22 LR - Amaika ang'ono likungosonyeza rimfire. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pamene wopha kuwombera kugunda mu malo ndi mu zapamadzi flange (gawo zotumphukira wa zimayambira). Motero, zida phunziroli kulibe monga chilli, lonse kapangidwe mantha mu mawonekedwe wothinikizidwa mwachindunji pansi pa kudzanja. Childs, chipolopolo makatiriji rimfire kutsogolera, ngakhale nthawi zina pamakhala ena. Low-mphamvu zipolopolo ntchito yopanga nyama zing'onozing'ono: agologolo, marmots, komanso dongo njiwa kuwombera. Mwachitsanzo, mu US amaona ndi katiriji kwambiri yabwino gophers kuwombera.

nkhani

Mu 1887, dziko atamva za .22 LR. katiriji The linatulutsidwa ndi kampani American J. Stevens mkono & Chida Company. Masiku ano, makatiriji rimfire nkomwe ntchito, koma Long mfuti akali otchuka ndi otchuka. Iye akufuna umboni chiwerengero cha mavuto.

Chifukwa kutchuka ndi

Zingaoneke kuti munthu ano sangathe kukopa .22 LR - katiriji, limene kwa pa atumwi, ndipo ntchito pokhapokha okonda Zosayiwalika. Komabe, siziri choncho. Pali zifukwa zitatu kutchuka kwake: mtengo otsika pafupifupi palibe angadzachite ndi zabwino ballistic khalidwe pamene kuwombera pa mtunda pafupi.

Pa mfundo imeneyi, amakhala ndi zida wangwiro yaitali kusaka nyama zing'onozing'ono ubweya kubereka ndi maphunziro, chifukwa poyerekeza ndi Chuck chapakati nkhondo, .22 LR akhoza kukhala mu nthawi yomweyo amathera pa dongosolo la udzakwaniritsidwa kwambiri. Zimenezi ndi zoona makamaka dongo chandamale kuwombera, pamene mu kakafupi maphunziro m'pofunika kuti akatemera mazana angapo, ndipo ngakhale pafupifupi kubwerera amakhala tcheru kwambiri.

A pang'ono mifuti

Kwambiri ndi chakuti zida chifukwa makatiriji ya .22 LR likungosonyeza mwina pafupifupi mtengo yotsika mtengo kwa msika wamba, ndipo makamaka chipangizo ndi zazing'ono ndi odalirika, chifukwa mphamvu yake otsika. zida zotere lidzayenere ngakhale oponya mivi kwambiri wosadziwa.

Izi makamaka kusaka ndi zamtunduwu mfuti, koma pali mfuti, ambiri komanso kuphunzitsa-masewera. Osowa mfuti kuti adziteteze pansi pa LR. Interchangeability zosiyanasiyana .22 likungosonyeza zosintha kochepa Mwachitsanzo, mu mikono ya .22 LR angagwiritsidwe ntchito .22 Short ndi Long, koma ena, monga .22 WMR ( "Magnum"), si abwino chifukwa cha kusiyana kukula kwa kudzanja (6.1 mamilimita ndi 5,75 mamilimita pa "Magnum" ndipo LR, motero).

zida chambered

Chitsanzo pansi pa .22 LR mfuti ndithu kwambiri. Izi zikuphatikizapo revolvers ndi kudzikonda potsegula mfuti, monga mfuti Margolin (Soviet mfuti kwa kuwombera masewera, mpikisano ankagwiritsa ntchito kuyambira 1954 mpaka 1979), komanso IL 34 ndi MC-3. Ku sitolo mfuti ndipo carbines kusaka pansi n'zotsimikizira izi zitsanzo abwino, monga TOZ-11 (Soviet kusaka mfuti, opangidwa Tula fakitale mikono) TOZ 17 ndi 18, ndipo TOZ 78.

Pakati pa masewera ndi mfuti maphunziro magazini kwa mndandanda wa zida pansi pa LR zikuphatikizapo zina kuti adzipeza 7-2 ndi TOZ-9. Komanso, ngati tikukamba za kudziletsa potsegula mfuti, Long mfuti adzabwera kwa American kungomanga mfuti AR-7, anayamba mu makumi asanu mochedwa. Mu United States ndi kumadzulo kwa Ulaya, iwo akadali otchuka kwambiri. Amaona abwino maphunziro kuwombera, monga adzatengedwa kwa ulendo alendo. mndandanda akhoza wodzilemekeza ndi TSV-1 Sniper mfuti Sukuluyi, imene anayamba kupanga pamaziko a SVD. N'zoona, ndithudi, sangapatsidwe dzina chifukwa cha osiyanasiyana otsika: 100 yekha m, koma kwathunthu wolungama dzina lake.

Ena ang'ono-likungosonyeza Sniper mfuti ndi .22 LR - ndi sv 99, amene tsopano ntchito m'madera ena a Russia. mlingo wake - 10 zipolopolo pa mphindi, ndi liwiro chipolopolo - 345 m / s. Top zipolopolo asanu ndi munthu pazipita yowotcha osiyanasiyana mamita 150.

kwa mphamvu yapadera

Mphamvu yapadera komanso ndi zida makatiriji ya .22 LR. Mfundo izi "mfuti" - pafupifupi soundless mpirawo. Izi mfuti chete Mwachitsanzo British Welrod, amene anayamba kupanga mu 1942 zosowa za nzeru ndi mayunitsi wapadera. Mbali chidwi n'chakuti pamene masitolo mwadzina mu zipolopolo eyiti mphamvu tikulimbikitsidwa kuti akonzekeretse isanu yokha, kuonetsetsa okwanira kudalirika. Ichinso pazikhalanso otchedwa "de Liesl" - De Lisle Carbine, komanso British masitolo chida carbine, wokhala silencer Integrated. "De Liesl" anali kugwiritsa ntchito Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, kuwonjezera asilikali British, iwo zida zina mayunitsi of America.

Pali zitsanzo zina zambiri za kusaka ndi zamasewera zida chambered kwa .22 LR.

makhalidwe a

Katiriji kutalika ndi 25,4 mm. Koyamba chipolopolo mathamangidwe ndi otsika, kuchokera 250 mpaka 500 m / s, malingana ndi chida, ndipo chifukwa osiyanasiyana ka ndege. chipolopolo mphamvu J: 55 mpaka 90 - kwa mfuti, ndi ku 125 259 - kwa mfuti. The awiri a flange ndi (a gawo zotumphukira wa zimayambira pa) ndi 7.1 mm, m'mimba mwake wa m'munsi malaya - 5,74 mm, ndi m'litali - 15,57 mm. Chipolopolo kulemera ndi kwa 1,9 kwa 2.6 ga, ndi kulemera kwa mtengo chopopera ntchito zingakhale za 0,07 kuti 0,11 ga

Usilikali

Ngati ife kulankhula za ntchito ya katiriji ponenera anthu, n'kumene iye alibe makhalidwe apadera. Chifukwa cha otsika ndi pafupifupi konse pankhondo, chifukwa chabe kubweretsa anthu pansi, tinali ambiri ndithu lalikulu kumenya. Komabe, pali ntchito zingapo bwino, mwachitsanzo mu nkhani ya submachine mfuti American-180. A mlingo mkulu wa zipolopolo kwa mazana khumi ndi asanu pa mphindi ndi voluminous ndithu sitolo (kwa zipolopolo 165 kwa 275) angalipirire zofooka mu mphamvu zida kuboola ndi Long mfuti.

Ntchito ina chidwi munitions opezeka kuphunzitsa ogwira ya Red Army nkhondo isanayambe. Pamaso kuwombera makina mfuti Degtyarev ndi yovomerezeka, asilikali anali ophunzitsidwa aang'ono-likungosonyeza makina mfuti Blum - sukulu wogwirizira nkhondowo mfuti. Zimenezi zinathandiza osati kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha ngozi, komanso kuchepetsa mtengo wa oyang'anira. Kenako mfuti Blum nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chida kwa kuwombera mimbulu.