Liwiro la chipolopolo ndi chiyani? Liwiro la chipolopolo

Bullets ndi osiyana. Malingana ndi mtundu wa zida zomwe anapanga. Pali zipolopolo kwa mfuti rifled, pneumatic. Choncho, iwo amaoneka mosiyana. Kukula anatsimikiza ndi mtundu ndi kukula kwa zida.

Pali lalikulu moyo zipolopolo, laling'ono kapena lalikulu kwambiri zipolopolo kwa mfuti ndipo revolvers.

Komabe, liwiro la chipolopolo kudzayesedwa osati ndi kukula kwake. Iwo zimakhudza zinthu zina zambiri.

Zinthu zokhudza liwiro la chipolopolo

zifukwa zingapo mwina m'mbuyo mathamangidwe koyamba projectile pamene zipolopolo kwa mfuti. Taganizirani akuluakulu.

1. Yozungulira kutentha. M'munsi kutentha, mphamvu zambiri yaikulu kwa Kutentha wa ufa ndi projectile ndege, i.e. koyamba kunyamuka mlingo amachepetsa.
2. Chinyezi onga. The drier ufa ndi, ndi apamwamba adzakhala kufunika mathamangidwe koyamba, kuyambira kukakamiza chida mbiya.
3. The mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa mbewu za onga. The bwino anamwazikana particles wa mtengo chopopera, liwiro iwo udzayaka. Choncho, kuonjezera mathamangidwe yoyamba ya chipolopolo mpirawo.
4. The kachulukidwe kuyang'anira ufa. Pofuna maximally molondola mosamala mlandu ufa mankhwala amafuna kuwerengetsera wapadera zolondola zomangamanga. Popanda zotheka ambiri osokoneza mu ufa, Izi zidzapangitsa kuti detonation mkati mwa zida. Kapena, Tikawonetsetsa Undercharge, Izi zidzapangitsa kuti kutenthedwa wa chida mbiya. Musamuwuze kuchita kutsegulaso ufa chigawo manja!
5. Kutalika kwa mfuti mbiya. Wamfupi mbiya, kusintha nthawi ndi zotsatira kochepa mpweya chopopera, omwe amachepetsa liwiro la chipolopolo.
6. mankhwala kulemera. The mbandakucha chipolopolo ndi kulemera, ndi apamwamba ndi mathamangidwe koyamba.

Aliyense wa mfundozi siyana pang'ono malingana ndi mtundu winawake wa chida. Cacikulu Komabe, zinthu izi zimakhudza pulayimale ndi liwiro ambiri a chipolopolo pamene ntchito.

Kodi chronograph?

Chronograph - chipangizo wapadera kuti amalola kuti younikira zina zizindikiro za chipolopolo mkati ndi kunja ndi chipangizo zochokera deta analandira kwa lembani nkhani liwiro lake zotheka.

chipangizo lakonzedwa kuti ndi thandizo ake inu mosavuta fufuzani specifications luso zida mu sitolo. Komanso, ndiyo chiyambi ndi liwiro wonse wa chipolopolo.

Pamene chronograph angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti muwone kuwunika zizindikiro zotsatirazi zida:

• kuthamanga cylindrical (mlingo wake);
• masika kutopa kapena osvintsovku mbiya;
• chida adzakusonyezani kulemera kwa katiriji ya;
• Izo kuwunika ubwino;
• kusonyeza avale ndi misozi kwa khafu wa pisitoni ndi;
• kutentha.

Amagetsi chipangizo ndi kuwerengetsera ndi generalizations adzakupatsani zotsatira weniweni kudutsa bolodi. Komabe, iwo ali ndi zovuta zake.

kuipa chronograph

chipangizo ali ndi kulemera zina ndi kukula, zomwe zimachititsa kuti si nthawi zonse yabwino ntchito pa zinthu zina (mwachitsanzo, munda). Palinso kusowa kwa chipangizo ingakhale monga cholakwa mu miyeso (e). Si waukulu kwambiri, koma malo kukhala.

The chipangizo kauntala ndi adamulowetsa ndipo anasiya mukudalira pa malo chiwalitsiro (chipinda), chifukwa amenenso ndipamene mtundu wa cholakwa mu kuwerenga.

Zolondola kwenikweni njira yodutsamo la chipolopolo ndi chipangizo wotereyu sadzakhala kwambiri, chifukwa muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira ina kayesedwe.

Kandachime mtunda osiyana

Ndi olondola ndi njira yeniyeni imene mukhoza kudziwa liwiro la chipolopolo. Izi zimafuna osati chisamaliro, komanso kompyuta ndi Chiwerengero ballistic, zomwe zingatipatse imfomeshoni zonse ndi kuwerengetsera molondola kwambiri.

Ntchito motere:

• katundu mu ballistic Chiwerengero zofunika deta kuti kutenga chida mwa magawo Mlengi mwini ndi analandira (ndi kutsata mikono 100 mamita ziro);
• powapatsa katiriji kulemera zeroing mtunda;
• Ife kuyeza ndi katundu mtunda wa pamaso pa zida mbiya;
• wopanga kutenga deta pa kalankhulidwe ofukula ndi yopingasa mu Optics;
• Kutentha kuwerenga akupanga ndi mpweya pa nthawi ya phunziro (molondola kwambiri, weniweni ndi zotsatira zake zidzakhala qualitatively);
• okwera pamwamba pa nyanja;
• liwiro la chipolopolo ku sewerolo.

The Chiwerengero adzakhala lumbago chintchito mtunda. Limati 200, 300, 500 ndi 700 meters. mtunda wautali kamodzi osavomerezeka. Mu mizati pamene anapempha 1MOA, kulemba mfundo zotsatirazi monga mwa dongosolo la mtunda: 5,8; 8.7; 14.5; 20,3 masentimita.

ntchito kwina konse okha mbewa-kuwonekera pa Chiwerengero. Tsatirani kuyenda panyanja pa chipangizo ballistic, ndipo zotsatira zake zidzakhala zolondola ndi kwenikweni chizindikiro cha kodi mathamangidwe wa chipolopolo ndege.

Ena mwa mfundo zosiyanasiyana likungosonyeza katiriji mathamangidwe kwa makina

Monga ndanenera pamwamba, pofuna kuti adziwe molondola zizindikiro monga mlingo zovuta. Mu njira zambiri, anatsimikiza ndi mavuto ozungulira. Komabe, pafupifupi mfundo kwa osiyana-kakulidwe zipolopolo makina zingabweretse.

Research ndi kuwerengetsera asonyeza kuti mtengo wa liwiro katiriji kuwuluka makina kudzadalira lachitsanzo ndi likungosonyeza, koteronso kukhale chakuti deta m'nkhaniyo. Koma izi zolakwa zazing'ono, kusintha kwa zida zawo wina akhoza nazo.

AK-74 zodziwikiratu likungosonyeza 5.45H39

Ngati kuwombera wapangidwa kukhala zachilendo (ochiritsira) katiriji, mlingo pafupifupi deta zipolopolo kusonyeza zotsatira za 870 m / s. Ngati mtunda kuchita pafupifupi 500 meters, mlingo akutsikira 428 m / s.

Mtundu wa mfuti ali ndi thunthu elongated, kotero chipolopolo liwiro ndi mkulu mokwanira.

AKS-74U 5.45H39 likungosonyeza AK-101

Ngati ife kulankhula za liwiro la chipolopolo ndi AKS-74U ndi munthu likungosonyeza 5.45H39, ndi pafupifupi 740 m / s. Zosakwana wina m'mbuyomu, chifukwa mbiya ndi lalifupi.

AK 101 likungosonyeza 5.56h45 M'malo mwake, kusonyeza zotsatira zabwino kwambiri kwa chizindikiro ichi. About 930 m / s, chifukwa kuleza mbiya eg zida. American analogi wa chida mbiya ali yaitali lalikulu kwambiri, chifukwa onse a mitundu makatiriji makina woyenera zofanana ndi mtengo koyamba mlingo mfuti.

AK 47 zodziwikiratu

The zipolopolo zida izi ndi misa woposa wa onse otsatira wa AK, kotero ndi amphamvu ozama mphamvu. Komabe, liwiro wolephera anzake, chifukwa 740 yekha m / s. Komabe, mokwanira ndithu kuti makina ankaona zedi yoopsa kumenya zida.

Kuipanikiza zipolopolo mphamvu

Kuwonjezera liwiro, khalidwe zofunika kwambiri ndi mphamvu chipolopolo. Kuwerengetsa kuipanikiza mphamvu ndi ofunika kukumbukira yawamba sukulu sayansi Inde. Chilinganizo losavuta adzakhala: (misa × mathamangidwe) ^2/2 (kulemera mu makilogalamu, liwiro mu mamita pa wachiwiri).

Chifukwa chake kuli kofunika kufunika kwa katiriji mphamvu? Chifukwa mphamvu - mphamvu ya chipolopolo, ndi kuphana makhalidwe waukulu. Kulemera ndi liwiro apamwamba, choncho, chotero, apamwamba ndi mphamvu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chida lokha ndi wamphamvu kwambiri ndi losatha.

M'mawu ena, ndi chilinganizo mwachizolowezi kwa mawerengedwe a mphamvu kayendedwe za thupi. Zolemba malire kuipanikiza mphamvu ya chipolopolo ali mfuti. Iwo moyenera kulemera ndi liwiro koyamba chipolopolo kuti ntchito analandira mphamvu ndipo imayenera.

Mwachitsanzo, pa mtunda wa pafupi 100 mamita kuya mfuti chipolopolo kulowa mu zipangizo mokwanira wandiweyani ndi ku 0,6 kuti 350 cm. Nkhanizi, monga mbale zitsulo, matabwa, zitsulo mbale, wosanjikiza ya dongo, miyala kapena mwala wosweka, njerwa, dziko kapena olimbika odzaza chisanu. deta zimenezi n'zochokera maphunziro a kuipanikiza mphamvu ya kulemera zipolopolo kuwala.

Mwachionekere, kufunika mathamangidwe ndi kuipanikiza mphamvu projectile uliwonse waukulu kwambiri, ndipo ndiyo mphamvu ndi losatha zida.

Airguns

Osati choncho kalekale, kunachitidwa mwa eni pneumatics kafukufuku pa nkhaniyi: "Kodi ndi liwiro la chipolopolo mu mlengalenga mfuti anu" N'zochititsa chidwi kuti kuchuluka akusinthasintha liwiro wakufayo kwambiri.

Choncho Mwachitsanzo, ambiri nawo kafukufuku (20%) a chithunzi cha 220-305 m / s. Popeza izi, mfundo ankangokhala pafupifupi ndalama kwa pneumatics, zimakwana sayambitsa kukhulupirirana.

Komabe, pafupifupi 9% amene anafunsidwa amanena kuti zida zawo ndi chipolopolo mathamangidwe a 380 m / s ndipo kwambiri. Ndiko kuti, chithunzi ichi zikutipatsa ankatsutsa lodalirika ake. Pakuti zamphamvu kwambiri ndi zida zankhondo ntchito. Khalidwe limeneli ndi chipolopolo mathamangidwe kwa pneumatic osowa, osati aliyense chitsanzo Zimenezi kudzitama.

Mpaka 19% a ophunzira ananena kuti zida zawo kugunda ndi chipolopolo mathamangidwe cha 100-130 m / s ndipo 130-180 m / s. Pa 11%, chithunzi ichi amamuchititsa 350 m / s, amene ali aakulu kwambiri. Pomaliza, 6% gulu kuwunika liwiro la chipolopolo ake kunyamuka pneumatics 75-100 m / s.

Nthawi zambiri mosavuta kuyeza ndi umboni liwiro pneumatic chida mwa chronometers. Ambiri mwa zipangizozi ndi lakonzedwa basi pneumatics. Ngakhale mlandu wa sinditi paliponse mu miyeso, koma chifukwa adzakhalabe kwambiri ndithu.

njira iliyonse kapena zipolopolo anayeza kuthawa mathamangidwe ya zida zake, zolakwa ukadali Sakanapita kwina, ngati chilengedwe kunja ndi nthawizonse adzakhala osiyana mu makhalidwe ake.