Chilumba cha Shikotan. Kuril Islands, Chilumba cha Shikotan

Pali malo ambiri okondweretsa padziko lapansi omwe amadziwika ndi okonda zachilengedwe. Chilumba cha Shikotan chimakopa okonda alendo omwe ali ndi mpumulo wapadera komanso zosiyanasiyana. Palibe mapiri ndipo palibe odyetsa. Malo ochepetsetsa komanso okongola kwambiri (malo apamwamba - mamita 405) amapanga mikhalidwe yabwino yoyendera chilumba nthawi iliyonse.

Mbiri

Dziko lapansi adaphunzira za chilumba chodabwitsa chifukwa cha Kamchatka yachiwiri, yomwe inachitika mu 1733-1743. Dzina lake loyamba ndi Figured, izo molondola zikusonyeza khalidwe kudula mzere wa mabanki. Pambuyo pake, dera laling'ono la nthaka linayamba kutchula dzina la wom'pezayo - Mbendera Yachisipanishi MP Shpanberg. Masiku ano amadziwika kuti chilumba cha Shikotani, chomwe chimasuliridwa kuchokera ku chinenero chakunja chimatanthauza "malo abwino kwambiri".

Poganizira njira zabwino kwambiri za gawoli, "kulimbana" kumeneku kumachitika pakati pa mayiko awiri: Russia ndi Japan. Dziko la Dzuŵa likuyesera kubwerera ku Kuril Islands kwa zaka zoposa makumi asanu ndi limodzi . Chilumba cha Shikotan kale chinali chake kuyambira 1885 mpaka 1945. Chinthu china chofunika kwambiri cha mbiri yakale ndi chivomezi champhamvu cha 1999, pambuyo pake anthu ambiri akuchoka m'mayiko amenewa. Mpaka lero, zinthu zasintha.

Kumalo komwe kuli

Kumpoto kwa Pacific kulizilumba zazing'ono - ku Kuril Islands. Chilumba cha Shikotani chili m'mbali mwa mapiri awiri (Minor), omwe amapanga chinthuchi. Ikulingalira kuti ndi yayikulu kwambiri ndipo imagwirizanitsa ma digiri 43 ndi 48 kumpoto kwa latitude ndi 146 madigiri 45 mphindi zakummawa. Chisumbu ichi chimatsukidwa ndi Pacific Ocean ndi madzi a Nyanja ya Okhotsk.

Chigawo cha malo

Ku Russia kuli dera limodzi lokha la utsogoleri, lomwe liri pazilumba, ili ndi dera la Sakhalin. Chilumba cha Shikotan ndi mbali ya District ya South Kurile ya bungwe lolamulira ndipo ili ndi malo okwana 182 lalikulu mamita. Km. Kutalika kwa dera laling'ono la nthaka kutalika liri pafupi makilomita 28, ndi m'lifupi - pang'ono kuposa makilomita 9.

Maphala

Mapu a chilumba cha Shikotan amasonyeza momveka bwino kuti mchenga umadulidwa. Choncho pakati pa zochitika zomwe zimadziwika, m'gulu lina pali malo ambiri:

• Malokurilskaya . Zimatengedwa kuti ndizo "zabwino", chifukwa banki yanyumba imalola kuti ziwiyazo zisangalale pang'onopang'ono. Pano, pali zomera zowopsya taiga, zomwe zimapezeka kuderali.
• The dolphin . Malo awa amatchulidwa ndi chotengera cha dzina lomwelo, komwe kafukufuku wa gawo lino anachitidwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20. Ndiwotchuka chifukwa cha miyala yoopsa yomwe imatseka pakhomo la ngalawayo, ndi lachigololo lokongola lomwe limapangidwa pamtsinje wa Ostrovnaya. Malowa ndi chisanu m'nyengo yozizira, yomwe imasiyanitsa ndi ena onse.
• Nkhanu . Pano, monga m'madera ena akumidzi a chilumbachi, nkhanu za Far East ndi saury zikugwedezeka. Kuzama kwake kukufika mamita 15, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nsomba zonse zisamalire. M'ngalawamo muli nyumba yotsegula, yomwe imatchulidwa pambuyo poti anapeza chilumbacho.
• Mpingo . Iyi ndi malo okongola kwambiri kwa okonda nyanja zamchere. Umboni wa izi ndi dzina lina - "Bay of Aivazovsky."

Cape

Zizindikiro zazikulu zambiri za dzikoli ndi zochitika zosiyana kwambiri zomwe chilumbachi ndi chimodzi mwa zokongola kwambiri. Izi ndi izi:

• Cape Edge of the World . Malo awa ndi otchuka kwambiri kwa alendo a pachilumbachi, omwe amatha mwadzidzidzi ndi dambo lakuda ndi lamwala kwambiri mamita 40 pamwamba. Cape iyi imayendera ndi alendo onse akufika ku Shikotan. Umboni wa mboni zoona zomwe zatha kuyendera m'mphepete mwa mphepo zikusonyeza kuti dzina loopsya ngati limeneli ndi loyenera. Amapereka maonekedwe okongola a madzi a m'nyanja yaikulu padziko lapansi. Ndizodabwitsa kuti anthu ambiri amasokoneza dzina la Cape ndi chilumba ndikukhulupirira kuti Land of Light ndilo dzina lakumapeto.
• Cape Voloshin . Ndi dambo lokongola kwambiri, lokhala ndi miyala yamwala. Anatchulidwa ndi wojambula wa ku Russia, amene kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la makumi awiri ndi makumi asanu ndi awiri adakhazikitsa malo osungirako anthu opanga zovuta. Kuril Islands lero ndi malo oyendayenda a "maburashi" otchuka omwe amalimbikitsidwa kuchokera ku chinthu chapadera cha kukongola kwachilengedwe.

Flora

Chilumbachi chimatchuka chifukwa cha nkhalango zamtengo wapatali zafiritsi, spruce, juniper ndi larch, zomwe zimakhala mbali ya dera lino.

• Mitengo yapadera ya mitengo ya birch ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi malo a kumaloko. Iwo ali pafupi ndi gombe, kupatula gawo la kummawa kwa chilumbachi.
• Nsanamira za m'deralo (Kuril) ndi yew zimapezeka m'mayendedwe ambiri omwe amapezeka pafupi ndi mitsinje.
• Teya, yomwe imamera pachilumbachi, imakonda alendo ndi anthu ammudzi. Kulowetsedwa kwake kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti thupi likhale lokonzeka, ndipo limaphatikizidwa mu mapu a mapu a zakudya zonse.
• Kuphatikizana ndi zomera zomwe zili kumpoto, pali mitundu yambiri ya "kumwera" monga acacia, mphesa ndi liana.
• Mtengo woopsa. Ndi shrub yomwe imakhala ndi masamba ambiri. Kuyanjana ndi gawo lirilonse la zomerali lingayambitse khungu mwamsanga - kutentha. Koma ziyenera kudziwika kuti chomerachi chingakhale choopsa kokha kanthawi kochepa kwambiri.

Zinyama

Chilumba cha Shikotan chimasiyana ndi "oyandikana nawo" muzinthu zosiyanasiyana:

• Mbalame. Ambiri oimira mbalame za m'nyengo yozizira pano, mwachitsanzo, mphungu ndi swans. Mbalame monga kulik, oyendetsa panyanja, ndi zina zotero, ziyimire pachilumbacho kuti zikhalepo panthawi yomwe amasamuka.
• Nyama. Pano palinso zinyama zomwe zimatetezedwa: nyanja yotchedwa sea otters, zisindikizo (anthu, nyanjayi, ndi zikuluzikulu), akavalo zakutchire.
• Mu mitsinje yambiri ya chilumba, salimoni ndi kunja mumakhala moyo.

Kutsiliza

M'tsogolomu, chilumba cha Shikotani chikhoza kukhala malo amodzi omwe amadziwika bwino pamadzi a m'madzi. Malinga ndi zochitika zamakampani ogulitsa alendo, kulenga malo apadera kwa okonda masewera a pansi pa madzi, chifukwa pali zonse zomwe zingathetseretu ntchitoyi.