Zolowa Participial: monga anatsindika? Akulamulira wapakamwa participle mawu

Kuthana ndi mfundo zimenezi wapakamwa participle mawu, monga anatsindika yomanga imeneyi, momwe disassemble kukana zinthu pa zikuchokera, nthawi yoyamba likukhalira osati onse. Kuphunzira mmene ntchito mayunitsi izi kalembedwe, chonde amanena kuti chiyambi chake.

Kodi gerund?

Kupendanso nkhani imeneyi ayenera choyamba kudziwa ambiri gerund amenewa. Iwo anazindikira monga mbali palokha wa kulankhula, mu Russian kutanthauziridwa monga wapadera mtundu wa mneni. The lexical tanthauzo gerundive - kanthu za chilengedwe sekondale, anachita imodzi ndi pakati.

Gerund ali makhalidwe adverb ndi mneni. Kuchokera mbali yoyamba ya kulankhula, zinatitengera wosasinthika ndi udindo syntactic m'sentensi - chochitika, ndipo kuchokera chachiwiri - m'gulu la reflexivity ndi transitivity. Childs, mafunso otsatirawa tingafunse kuti: "Kodi", "Kodi ndichite chiyani?", "Kodi akuchita?".

Russian chinenero Learning: zolowa participial ndi gerund

Participle mu Chirasha ananyamuka mogwirizana mkubwela kwa yochepa mawonekedwe a munthu wa miliri Sacramenti ya. Pamene beschlennye participle mu chinenero Old Russian anataya mawonekedwe declination, ali gerunds, wogwidwa mneni zizindikiro, mu nthawi imeneyo. Lero iwo ntchito ndi mapeto a "-vshis" anatuluka kasewenzetsedwe ka mau reflexive.

Wapakamwa participle mawu, mafunso amene lifanane ndi anthu gerund limodzi ndi gulu la mawu "gerund + yozungulira Mau" kumene ngati chigawo chachiwiri kukhala mbali iliyonse ya kulankhula. Pankhaniyi, mawu yozungulira zambiri kumathandiza sekondale chiweruzo.

ntchito syntactic

zolowa Participial ndi allocated ndi mipatuliro mbali zonse, ndipo, monga ulamuliro, n'chofunikira mu zochitika mukuiganizira. Nkofunika kuti azitha kusiyanitsa wapakamwa participle mawu kuchokera gerunds wosakwatiwa, ofanana mu ntchito kwa m'zilembo wokhala phindu chifaniziro cha chinthu (mu pempholo, iwonso ali zochitika, koma olekanitsidwa). Ngati wina afunsa inu za zimene wapakamwa participle mawu, iye anatsindika, ndi mbali zake, mungayankhe kuti zimenezi zichitike ndi mzere lili ndi mfundo.

Ena mwa mawu participle mawu sangathe kudzipatula. Awa ndi mayunitsi, amene amanena yake kwambiri chokhudzana ndi mkhalidwe ndi kupanga maziko a ziganizo ali pempholo. Wapakamwa participle mawu, miyambi Komanso si kuzipatula (malinga ndi malamulo a kalembedwe Russian).

Akulamulira wapakamwa participle mawu

Wapakamwa participle mawu akhoza adzaikidwa pa mneni chiweruzo, kuchita ntchito ya mkhalidwe, ndipo adamtsata Iye. Kaya kumene ili, tiyenera kuonetsetsa koma kumbali zonse. Mwachitsanzo: "Mariya, lotseguka mtsuko wa kupanikizana, nawatsanulira mu mbiya wokongola nachiyika pa tebulo." Wapakamwa participle mawu "lotseguka mtsuko wa kupanikizana" ndi mkhalidwe ndipo akuima pamaso koma ndi.

Ena mwa nyumba awa akhoza anakonza zoti subordinative kapena Kutsata zolumikizira, komanso anagwirizana mawu. Pankhaniyi, iwo amagwiritsidwa ankasiyana koma, ndipo zolowa akhoza kuchotsedwa pa mapeto ina ya chiweruzo, mphamvu ambiri amene mu nkhani iyi si kuwawa. Mwachitsanzo: "Moyo nkhanza anthu kuti, wosanyengereredwa chisoni, sikutheka kuphunzira chikondi." Pankhaniyi, pempholo zikhoza kusintha: "Moyo nkhanza anthu kuti simungathe kuphunzira kukonda, satha kumva chisoni." Tanthauzo la mawuwo akanali yemweyo, kokha dongosolo la zigawo zikuluzikulu lisinthike.

Milandu-kuchotserapo

Ena ophunzira nthawi zambiri zolakwa wapakamwa mawu participle, popanda zokhudza kupatulapo. Tikuyankhula zokhudza pamene eg amenewa ili mu pempholo kwa molumikizana adversative "koma." Pankhaniyi, izo sizidzakhala amasamukira ina umafuna malo, monga kapangidwe ka iwowa ali inawonongedwa.

Ngati zolowa participial anakwatulidwa awiri anatsutsa mzake mamembala homogeneous zotsatsa imakhudzana ndi ntchito adversative Union "a", tiyenera kuonetsetsa koma kumbali zonse. Mwachitsanzo: "wakale Kodi kutha, koma lidzasinthidwa zinthu zamakono, chikudziwikabe moyo pakati pa anthu."

kudzipatula

Kamodzi inu mukudziwa chomwe wapakamwa participle mawu akuti zazikulu zigawo zake, ndi nthawi kudziŵa za milandu kulekana kwa nyumba deta. Zolowa, womwenso particles "okha" ndi "okha" ndi mbali. Intonation particles anasiyanitsidwa ndi wapakamwa mawu participle, koma amakhala naye.

Ngati inu mukakumana ndi awiri wapakamwa mawu participle, amene chikugwirizana ndi mawu akuti "ndi", inu mukudziwa kuti iwo ankasiyana koma, ndipo zinthu m'madera monga homogeneous chiganizo kuti milandu ofanana. Mwachitsanzo: "Tsiku lina woyendayenda pa nyanja buluu ndi kumverera obiriwira kukhuta, anakumana mosayembekezereka ...".

Nthawi yovuta

Pamene kulumikiza awiri sali wapakamwa participle mawu, ndipo zisinthe wina ndi nyumba zina (predicates, ziganizo losavuta, ndi zina zotero. D.) Union losiyana semicolon, potero kubwerera kulekana wapakamwa participle mawu. Mwachitsanzo: ". Anali atakhala pa makwerero, yawning pang'ono, ndipo ankaganiza kuti mawa iye kachiwiri ndi kupita kuntchito wosakondedwayo"

Ngati milandu zofanana, awiri wapakamwa participle mawu ogwirizana ndi kugwirizana asyndetic, m'pofunika kuti anthu amvetse tanthauzo la pempholo. Only pa maziko kudzakhala kotheka kudziwa ndi mkhalidwe akhoza zimachitika iliyonse. Pankhaniyi, pakati pa nyumba sayenera chizindikiro chilichonse zopumira.

Pamene participial loba si olekanitsidwa?

Mukakhala kumvetsa zimene wapakamwa participle mawu, monga anatsindika zimenezi umafuna chidutswa (dontho-mukapeza-dontho-mukapeza) ayenera kuthana ndi vuto limene kapangidwe si allocated ndi mipatuliro. Zikatero ndi pang'ono, koma moyo wawo zimapangitsa kukhala osamala kwambiri.

Ngati wapakamwa mawu participle kwambiri kugwirizana ndi mneni tanthauzo lake lexical, ndi ndipamene pa nkhani yolembedwa chiganizo lonse, si zokhazi. Mwachitsanzo: ". Kamodzi pa Ivanovs aliyense popanda kukangana" Chinthu chofunika kwambiri pano anali ndi mfundo iliyonse, mwachitsanzo pali kugwirizana kwambiri ndi mneni.

Kodi kupewa?

Malamulo wapakamwa participle mawu monga pamaso pa nyumba kuti musakhale kutulutsa koma. Mwachitsanzo, Zining'a: "Iye anagwira ntchito mu slipshod" kapena "anagona kuyang'ana pa denga." Pankhaniyi, pali kuchotserapo Mwachitsanzo, mazira mawu kusewera ndi ntchito ya nyumba athandizira, "zikuoneka", "Kunena mwachidule," etc ...

Wapakamwa participle mawu sangathe allocated mbali zonse za koma, ngati iye anakumana ndi tinthu "ndi" ndi manenedwe phindu. Mwachitsanzo: "Inu mukhoza kukhala odzichepetsa ndipo akugonjetsa mdani kwambiri." Pankhaniyi, palibe mipatuliro sizili, ndipo nthawi zambiri ndi kulakwa kwambiri.

Kodi china chimene muyenera kudziwa?

Ngati pali osakaniza wapakamwa participle mawu akuti "SS + gerund kuti "mawu ogwirizana zimakhudza, ndipo ndi mbali ya kamangidwe. Mwachitsanzo: "Iye anapeza zambiri zovuta zosiyanasiyana, popanda kusankha kuti apite patsogolo." Pakuti andakatulo chakale zinali zofala kuti kupereka kwa wapakamwa mawu participle, limene lili mkati phunziro, si olekanitsidwa mbali ziwiri ndi mipatuliro.

Ngati participle monga gawo la zolowa zotayika verebu lotanthauza kuti wataya kuthekera kulekana. Mwachitsanzo: "Ine ndidzakhala pa ntchito kuyambira naini koloko m'mawa." Mu nkhani iyi, gerund "chiyambi" akhoza amachotsedwa pempholo, ndipo tanthauzo la izi sizisintha kwambiri, chifukwa mitundu "popeza" apa atenge ntchito ya chabodza. Pankhaniyi, pali kuchotserapo, amene lero kutsutsana ndi akatswiri a zinenero akutsogolera akatswiri mu philology Russian.

zolowa Participial sangakhoze kuima padera ngati kusewera udindo wa mbali homogeneous cha chiganizocho, mkati limene pali sanali popeleka ma chochitika. Pamene pamodzi ndi kumbuyo adverb gerund, akhoza kumasulidwa ndi mipatuliro mbali zonse.

Information mmene maimidwe kapangidwe ndi gerunds, angakuthandizeni kudziwa ntchito zawo syntactic. Tsopano inu mukudziwa zomwe wapakamwa participle mawu, monga anagogomeza zigawo zake Choncho mavuto ndi tanthauzo mulibe.