Zojambula Bellini Dzhovanni kufotokoza

Giovanni Bellini (1433 - 1516 gg.) - ndi zojambulajambula chapadera cha Kubadwa Kwatsopano, mwana wamng'ono wa Venetian wojambula Jacopo Bellini. Choyamba awathandize bwinobwino Giovanni anapatsa bambo ake kukopa pa ntchito mmisiri novice lotembenuzidwa ndi mkulu m'bale Amitundu.

Zimakhalira pachibale ndi mbuye

Udindo wofunika kwambiri chitukuko cha chithunzicho wamng'ono ankaimba ndi wa zojambula wotchuka Andrea Mantegna, amene analowa banja Bellini mu 1453 n'kukhala mlongo mwamuna wake Giovanni Nicolosi.

ANZANU pakati pa banja kumene zinapangidwa mofulumira kwambiri n'kukhala katswiri chidwi mwagwirizana kugwirizana ndi kupenta. Andrea monga woimira yowala kwambiri Tuscan ndi Florence sukulu ya kupenta, Giovanni anatha kusonyeza zambiri. Kamodzi 1460 Andrea anakhala bwalo zojambulajambula ku Duke wa Gonzaga, anatenga maphunziro zodziwitsa mu chilengedwe, koma chikoka cha mbuye linali kwambiri.

nzika

Bellini Dzhovanni kupenta wa nthawi yoyamba wa ntchito zake makamaka zochokera nkhani nkhani. Iye anasankha "Madonna ndi Mwana". Kenako, wojambula akulemba Madonnas ambiri kalembedwe Venetian, onse a iwo adzakhala ankaimira pensive ndi wotanganidwa kwambiri. Pafupifupi onse zojambula ndi Bellini Dzhovanni amalembedwa ndi anthu mozama kudzipenda. Best "Madonna," iye analemba 1460, chimaonedwabe "Greek Madonna".

Chinsalu kukula 82h62 masentimita analengedwa ndi mfundo za upamwamba iconographic Madonna akufanana Virgin Mary, koma ndi moyo limaonetseratu. Mwanayo m'manja ake zikusonyezedwa gawo zinthu zambiri.

Bellini Dzhovanni zojambula zoyenera Madonna, ngakhale kuvala mthunzi wa chiyero, koma anali ndithu padziko lapansi. chithunzicho sanayese kupereka khalidwe lawo mzimu m'Baibulo, kunapezeka involuntarily monga zithunzi mutuwo zapiringizana kwambiri moti ndi malamulo a zaumulungu. Komanso, pa Middle Ages zikhulupiriro za chipembedzo chogwidwa muzochitika zones za moyo wapoyera, nadzinenera panali okhawo amisiri amene ankatsatira malamulo mpingo. Onse achikunja zina.

kupatulika

Mu 1462, Giovanni linayamba kukhazikitsa triptychs anayi akuluakulu Mpingo mu Venice, amene anaikidwa pa maguwa banja Scuola. Bellini Dzhovanni zojambula kale anataya chinthu chimodzimodzi wa fano chibadidwe ojambula zithunzi akutulukira, zikuchokera anakhala lililonse limatisokoneza, see. Ndipo ngakhale wakeyo chachikulu - Andrea Montenya - analalikira ndendende chitsanzo chinthu chimodzimodzi, Giovanni anachoka zopanda izi. Iye anayamba kalembedwe wake kulemba.

njira Dutch

Mu nthawi kuchokera 1470 mpaka zaka 1480. Bellini anakopeka ndi wotchuka mwini chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi Antonello da Messina, ankadziwika kuti luso la ntchito njira koyera mafuta kupenta. Inde mwanjira imeneyi Messina anatenga kuchokera ojambula zithunzi Dutch. Iye anakana tempera, kupereka mmalo utoto mafuta, amene, mu maganizo ake, amatha kupereka akuya svetonasyschennosti kwathunthu.

Bellini Dzhovanni, amene zojambula kale muli mithunzi wachikuda, anakhala wotsatira wa ziphunzitso za Antonello. Nsalu "maliro" (1480) ndi "Madonna ndi Oyera" (1476) zitsanzo za ukulu zomvetsa chisoni zimaonekera kalembedwe kupenta mafuta. Pa luso Bellini ndiye gwero lake kusintha kumayambiriro kwa Kubadwa Kwatsopano kwa nyengo High Kubadwa Kwatsopano.

"Madonna ndi Oyera"

Chithunzi anali utoto kwa Mpingo wa San Giobbe ku Venice ndipo anali altarpiece Sacra Conversazione. Chithunzi kuonekera zinthu za iconography wa Madonna waima pa mpando kutsogolo kwa apse wa mpingo, oyera ozungulira mu mkhalidwe meditative amalingalira. Nato ndinaganiza malo a m'nkhaniyi, pali ubale wa oyera. Madonna ndi mwa malo kuperekedwa kwa wina - ali mlingo wake.

Mpingo chithunzi kupenta Bellini Dzhovanni "Madonna ndi Oyera" ndi osiyana mgwirizano zikuchokera, ŵakusanga otchulidwa wauzimu, kumizidwa mu lingaliro. chithunzicho amayesetsa kuphatikiza kupatulika kwa nkhaniyo zovala zokongola, ndipo iye anakwanitsa zonse - zili nsalu organic ndi umamumvera cholinga mlembi.

"Nyanja Madonna"

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka khumi ndi ndi chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi, Bellini Dzhovanni, amene zojambula anali atayamba kale kuona chitsanzo cha luso mkulu, walenga imodzi mwa ntchito zofunika kwambiri. Icho chinali "Nyanja ya Madonna," chimene chinapatsa kuganiza za kukhudza mochenjera moyo ndi imfa. Choncho n'chosathaŵika zojambula achipembedzo, mupumule kuya ndi ungwiro. "Chinsinsi zophiphiritsa" (dzina lina chithunzi) anasonkhana pa bwalo Venetian ya zilembo zazikulu ya phiko sacral, amene cholukanalukana kulingana ndi maganizo a ziboliboli. Virgin izi, kukwera pa mpando nsangalabwi; akazi; akale; Sebastian, analasidwa ndi mivi; ana pa pansi zithunzi. Pa chipongwe ndi mtumwi Petro ndi Paulo.

Bellini Dzhovanni "Madonna ndi Mwana"

Chimodzi mwa zojambula wotchuka wa mmisiri panopa m'nyumbayi waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse - "Metropolitan" (New York). 89h71 centimeter kukula chinsalu akuimira Kubadwa Kwatsopano. Chithunzi angafanane mu kutchuka yekha "Mona Lisa" ndi Leonardo da Vinci, umene uli Louvre.

"Kupachikidwa"

Pa nsalu ya, olengedwa mwa 1503, chaka chithunzicho wakhala zinasonyeza anapereka Yesu Khristu. chithunzi chogwidwa ndi maganizo okhwima, osatembenukira ku malo ndi kukodzedwa. Organic mogwirizana buku kumafeŵetsa voteji chiwembu. Mu kupenta Bellini Dzhovanni "Kupachikidwa" kupenta njira unkagwiritsidwa "chikvechento", umene mobwerezabwereza kulankhula ndi wojambula kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yake.

Kupachikidwa kwa Khristu umaonekera maziko zotsatira za Islam, minarets ndi kuonekera patali ndi nyumba kalembedwe kalelo. Kandachime kapena inagona mwa anasiya zipilala manda pansi pansi pa zigaza anthu. The vuto ambiri N'zokhumudwitsa, pozungulira - osati solo. Yesu anapachikidwa pa mtanda, ananena yekha.

Tirhana monga cholowa chikhalidwe

Bellini Dzhovanni zojambula kufotokoza chiwembu, kusonyeza kuti nthawi ya chilengedwe ndi deta zina mwa zinthu zochititsa chidwi yaikulu padziko lonse. Onse ali mbali ya dziko chikhalidwe cholowa ndi a anthu onse. Ngakhale zojambula ndi amene wokwatibwa ndi okhometsa payekha, kungotchula m'gulu mndandanda UNESCO ngati mbali ya chikhalidwe cha dziko.

ofalitsa Special kubala owonetsera zakale Catalogs, kuimira ntchito Giovanni Bellini - kupenta (ndi maina, tsiku chiyambi, limanena komanso kusungiramo zinthu). Bukuli lili ndi mfundo zokhudza mbiri za zojambulajambula, ndi nkhani yake ya moyo ndi imfa.

katswiri

Pa nthawi yonse, chithunzicho analemba mabuku makumi asanu ndi anayi, amene ambiri a aphatikizidwa zotolera za zinthu zochititsa chidwi padziko lonse.

Ndicho chimene analenga zojambula Bellini Dzhovanni. mndandanda ndi chidwi:

• "Akufa Khristu angatheke ndi Angelo", 1460, Venice, Correr Museum.
• "Madonna ndi Mwana", 1455, ili mu mzinda wa Pavia owonetsera zakale.
• "Saint Jerome akulalikira mkango", 1450, Birmingham, Barber Institute.
• "Greek Madonna", 1460, Brera Gallery, Milan.
• "M'chipsinjo mu Garden", 1455, London, National Gallery.
• "Pieta", 1455, Bergamo, Accademia Carrara.
• "Kubweretsa ku Kachisi", 1460, Venice, Gallery Querini Stampalia.
• "Transformation", 1455, Venice, Correr Museum.
• "Pieta", 1458, Milan, Brera Gallery.
• "Triptych wa St. Sebastian", 1464, Venice, Academy Gallery.
• "Polyptych wa St. Vincenzo Ferrer", 1466, Venice, Mpingo wa Santi Dzhovanni Paolo.
• "Pesaro Altarpiece" mu 1480, ili m'tauni ya Pesaro Museum.
• "Coronation a Mary", 1479, Pesaro.
• "Woyera Terence", mu 1480, Pesaro.
• "Saint George", 1481, Pesaro.
• "Madonna ndi Oyera. Guwa la San Giobbe", mu 1478, Venice, Academy Gallery.
• "Madonna", 1475, Venice, Correr Museum.
• "Madonna", 1479, New York "Metropolitan" owonera zakale.
• "Madonna", 1483, Bergamo, Accademia Carrara.
• "Madonna", 1487, Venice, Academy Gallery.
• "Frari Triptych", 1488, Venice.
• "St. Mark", 1465, Murano.
• "Kucheza Opatulika", 1490, Venice.
• "Chithunzi cha mnyamata wofiira", 1490, Washington.
• "Chithunzicho ya Young Man", 1500, Washington.
• "Chithunzicho wa condottiere", 1487 Washington.
• "Chithunzi cha Doge Loredan", 1501, London, National Gallery.
• "Chinsinsi zophiphiritsa (Black mutu Madonna)," 1498, Florence, Uffizi Gallery.
• "Madonna mu dambo", 1505, London.
• "Pieta", 1514, Venice.
• "Madonna pa mpando wachifumu", 1506, Venice, Mpingo wa San Zaccaria.
• "Oyera", 1513, Venice, Mpingo wa San Giovanni Crisostomo.
• "Wamaliseche pa galasi", 1516, Vienna.
• "Maliro a Khristu", 1510, Venice.
• "Phwando la Amulungu", 1514, Washington.
• "Chithunzicho Teodoro De wa Urbino", 1515, London.

Ambiri mwa katswiri Dzhovanni Bellini ali mu Italy. Iwo ndi chuma cha zinthu zochititsa chidwi ku Venice, Bergamo, Florence ndiponso mizinda ina. No zithunzi za zojambulajambula wotchuka mu Rome. Izi mwina chifukwa chakuti pa High Kubadwa Kwatsopano apapa ntchito misonkhano aluso ndi wolemekezeka, ndipo Giovanni anali angoyamba ntchito yake. Komanso, zojambula wake ndiponso ngakhale kunyamula zinthu za luso iconographic, koma wonse padziko lapansi, ndi Vatican adamfunsa murals mipingo aang'ono mu kalembedwe m'Baibulo.

Ena ntchito Dzhovanni Bellini ntchito ndi m'mamyuziyamu lalikulu padziko lonse, monga "anakumana" ku New York kapena Washington. katswiri ambiri mu London.