Uffizi Gallery, Florence - Museum kufotokoza

Florence - mzinda wapadera, ngakhale mu Italy, dziko wolemera mu malo padziko lonse lapansi. History impregnated m'mlengalenga lonse, anapita ambuye lalikulu la Kubadwa Kwatsopano. M'misewu ya Florence awoloke njira ya Michelangelo ndi Leonardo (msonkhano zimenezo mosavuta kutha yosadziwika skirmish, aluso pa nkhondo, ndi nthawi yokha akhoza kuwayanjanitsa iwo). Pa mwala, kamodzi anaima Piazza del Duomo, Dante ankakonda amanena (mwatsoka, changati chimwalacho sikuti zinasungidwa, umene ndi chisoni, koma pamene Iye anaima, kudziwa zonse kuno). Chiphunzitso cha Savonarola, nayenso, anali mu misewu izi.

A ngale weniweni wa Florence - ndi Uffizi Gallery, zimene zinabweretsa pamodzi ambiri a katswiri lalikulu la chisunzo.

Florence ndi ogula ake

Florence, mosiyana ndi mizinda yambiri kalelo wakhala zochokera dongosolo, mzinda poyamba anali mlendo chisokonezo. Wopitiriza kusintha kwa nyumba, m'misewu ndi m'mabwalo kukhala cholinga cha Mlengi zambiri ensembles mapulani. Kumene, ndi maganizo oterewa ndi zimene kunja kwa mzinda uli wathunthu popanda ndalama yaikulu chuma, koma malonda a ndalama, monga ulamuliro, sanakhazikike. Olemera Florence banja, Alberti, Strozzi ndi ena ambiri sanalekerere golide, kuyesera kulenga chimango wangwiro ngale izi wa Tuscany, koma pa nthawi yomweyo ndi kupitirizabe mayina awo.

Medici, amene makolo ankachita machiritso, pakati pa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu anali olemera osunga ndalama. zopereka awo allocated ndi kuwolowa manja wapadera, ndi mndandanda wa zojambula ndi ziboliboli inakhala maziko a tsogolo la m'nyumbayi kwambiri, chomwe chili Italy. The Uffizi Gallery zachokera Medici.

Ntchito yomanga nyumba makonzedwe

Mu 1559, mmodzi wa Medici, Cosimo I (Senior), amene analamulira mzinda pa nthawi, adaganiza zolenga munthu centralized kasamalidwe ulamuliro ndi kusonkhanitsa utsogoleli lonse mu nyumba ina. Iye anali munthu osati ophunzira kwambiri, ngakhale luso moona wolemekezeka, koma ndi maganizo kulenga zomera ndi anabwera mochedwa.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti chosema, kuyambitsa zopereka, anakanidwa ndi Vatican, choncho anapereka kwa Pius V Francis Woyamba. Pa mpingo zonena utsogoleri anachititsa palibe phindu luso la ntchito, ndiponso kuti zifaniziro akuonetsedwa maliseche otchulidwa, izo zinkawoneka ochimwa. Choyamba, chuma onsewa anali mu makolo yachifumu Ricciardi, amene anatumikira Medici banja m'linga.

Pa nthawiyi n'kuti 1560, chaka anayamba kupanga nyumba yaikulu, analamula wotchuka wamanga Vasari. Ndinaganiza kugwetsa nyumba ambiri ndi zidutswa awo analoledwa ntchito yomanga nyumba yatsopano. Mawu "Ufitsii" latembenuzidwa kuchokera ku Italiya monga "Chancellery" (zambiri).

ntchito mapulani

choncho anakokera pa, mu 1574, mbuye anamwalira, ndipo malizitsani ntchito yomanga anatiuza Buontalenti, amene analimbana ndi ntchito mu chaka. Ndi nthawi iyi cholinga cha nyumbayi zasintha koma dzinalo akanali yemweyo, Uffizi Gallery. Florence wakhala amatilimbikitsa ambuye kwambiri analengedwa ndi zinapezedwa ntchito ya Medici banja, koma nazo pa anthu oyambirira yekha wa amazikonda anthu otchuka. zaka khumi, nyumbayi anapitiriza kumaliza nyumba kenako Palace kukonza kupeza horseshoe, ncholinga cha mtsinje kuchokera yopapatiza mbali mawindo. Kuononga ena nyumba zakale (timbewu tonunkhira, okalamba ndi tchalitchi cha San Pietro Skeradzho) mapulani dzanja analeredwa, ndipo iwo analowa gulu loyimba wonse. Pa nthawi imeneyo, maofesi onse ali pa zaka zinayi.

mapangidwe zomera

Pakutha pa ntchito yomanga Vasari (ndipo iye anali wojambula osati wamanga) ankadziwa chakuti si nyumba yomangidwa pa makonzedwe a mzinda, ndi zomera. Uffizi anapeza m'zaka za chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi, ndipo zochita yaitali yotentha ndi katswiri wa zomangamanga, chinathandiza ndi yabwino kwambiri zinthu kuwala padzuwa m'tsogolo. Mu chaka cha 1737, monga mwa chifuniro cha Cardinal Leopoldo, wotsiriza wa banja Medici, banja lonse zosonkhanitsira linakhala cholowa cha mzinda wa Florence. Ngakhale patapita zaka anakhala kowonera zakale pagulu. Pa nthawi yomweyo, mu mmasate za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu, zochuluka choyamba cha zopereka, limene anapambana mabuku khumi linapangidwa.

Self-zithunzi

The Uffizi Gallery wanyamula kwambiri wodzilamulira zithunzi, zakale komanso masiku ano, sipangakhalenso anaphunzira za nyengo. Chifukwa cha chopereka wakhala mndandanda wa ntchito anagula Leopoldom Medichi yemwe anali kadinala mu Roma Academy of St. Luka, ndiyeno nthawi zonse kudzadza. Ikani kukhudzana portraiture anakhala pansi woyamba wa nyumbayi. Ndi chopereka cha anthu chi akhoza kudziwa maonekedwe ndi chikhalidwe cha amisiri lalikulu la Italiya (kuphatikizapo da Vinci, Titian, Veronese, Romano, Raphael, Michelangelo), ndi ku maiko ena (Dürer, Rembrandt, Rubens, Velazquez, Van Dyck ndi Karl Briullov ). Ponena za Briullov. mafani wake anali Walter Scott ndi Kommuchi, anali kusirira "The tsiku lotsiriza la Pompeii", chithunzi kuti ikuchitika Italy, analenga furor ngakhale pamaso kupambana mu St. Petersburg.

Koma ankatsogoleranso ndi Giotto ndi Caravaggio, ndi zina zambiri mayina wotchuka ...

Tribune ya Uffizi

Pali khomo wapadera zomera, ndi yokutidwa ndi chikopa ndi nsalu, wopita ku kufotokoza chapakati wotchedwa rostrum. Malo si lalikulu kwambiri, kuunikiridwa galasi nyali padenga ndipo ali ndi ntchito yaikulu kwambiri, kuphatikizapo ziboliboli, zojambula ku Nthawi osiyana ndi sukulu. Pakati pa chipinda waima ndi Venus vosmistennoy atazunguliridwa ndi kuvina fauns ndi Apollo. Palinso chosema ndi nkhanza kapolo kukulitsa mpeni. Wina ziwiri Venus, nthawi imeneyi zithunzi ndi za Titian. Akukhulupirira kuti Tribune anasonkhanitsa bwino kuti akhoza kupereka chisamaliro kwa Uffizi Gallery:. Raphael a "Madonna wa goldfinch" "Chithunzi cha Papa Julius II a" ndi "Ioann Krestitel" Apa ndi "Kubadwa kwa Venus" ndi Botticelli, ndi ntchito zingapo zosonyeza mutu m'Baibulo kulambira Amagi (Ghirlandaio ndi Leonardo da Vinci), koma weniweni ngale - "Banja Woyera" ndi Michelangelo Kubadwa Kwatsopano titaniyamu.

imfa ya Uffizi

Italy zaka zambiri amakumana kusokonekera ambiri nkhondo, amene anapha anthu osati kokha, komanso ntchito za luso. Nthawi zambiri, anataya katundu ndi Uffizi Gallery. Florence anali mu njira wa makamu Napoleonic. Zosonkhanitsira zawonongekazo ndi pang'ono anagonjetsa pa kumenyana kumene kunachitika mu 1943, pamene Anazi linalanda dzikoli pofuna kuteteza patsogolo anagwirizana mphamvu. Kenako kuphulika kwa madzi mzinda, pansi pang'ono anasefukira. Bede adawonjeza zigawenga anaphedwa mu 1993 ndi bomba, ndipo anthu asanu amene zingawonongeka ntchito yaulere ya luso mu holo ya Niobe. Ena analephera kubwezeretsa frescoes.

Board alendo

Musanapite kukaona zosonkhanitsira ameneyu, m'pofunika kuwerenga zambiri za malamulo ali ndi kumene Uffizi Gallery. Photo ndi kujambula m'zipinda, monga mwa zinthu zochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndikoletsedwa. Izi si potengera anzawo Administration ndipo ndithu muyeso zomveka, izo chofunika kutetezera zojambula. The linanena bungwe pano - Lolemba, wina tsiku pakhomo wochezeka lotseguka ku hafu pasiti eyiti m'mawa mpaka asanu madzulo, koma ndi bwino molawirira, kwambiri alendo, ndipo anapanga ima pamzere, amene adzaimirira osachepera ola limodzi (ndipo nthawi zina yaitali). M'nyengo yozizira, anthu zochepa. The tikiti pakhomo ndalama zokwana mayuro 9 ndi masenti 10, koma tsiku la kubadwa kwa inu nonse mukhoza kupita mfulu. Yemweyo amapita kwa theka wokongola wa anthu, koma mu Tsiku la International Amayi pa March 8 (pano nawonso chikondwerero).

No zakumwa si ofunika kutenga, sadzaloledwa. Anapereka maulendo yolambalalitsira pamzera akubwera kuchokera ena atsogoleri akathyali, ayenera ananyalanyaza. Kodi gulu nthawi yaitali, ndipo nthawi sikudzakhala zosakwana kuima mu mzere, ndi mtengo adzakhala kuonjezera kwambiri. Ndi bwino kuti buku ulendo wanu pa Intaneti, kudikira maminiti makumi awiri okha, mayuro 4 owonjezera kuyang'anira, koma inu simungakhoze kukhala mochedwa.

Chikwama bwino kusiya hotelo, iwo sadzalola iye, koma onse yosungirako pafupifupi mofanana tikiti. Uffizi Gallery mwachifundo akudzipereka kwa mayuro 8 chinthu yabwino kwambiri wotchedwa zomvetsera-kalozera. Kuti izo, muyenera kubweza, chikalata aliyense ndi chithunzi a.

Ndipo musati cholinga kuona chilichonse ulendo umodzi. Iwo sangathe. Ngati angapo ulendo nthawi sikokwanira, ndi bwino kuganizira chidwi kwambiri malangizo zojambulajambula, kwakukulu Uffizi Gallery. Reviews za anzake ndi abwenzi amene anapita pano, bvuto lotere.

Kodi kupeza?

M'nyumbayi zovuta si zovuta kupeza zokwanira aliyense m'dera odutsapo kunena mawu awiri: "Uffizi Gallery". Ndikhudze yosavuta, Uffizi dera la Uffizi Palace. Ndipotu, Chitaliyana zolondola kunena mawu atatu: «Galleria degli Uffizi», koma dziwitsani choncho. Ilo liri mu mtima wa mzinda, pa dzanja limodzi Ponte Vecchio, ena m'dera akuluakulu. Florence ali m'nyumbayi yaikulu pa mtsinje Arno.