Mongolian kavalo: ofotokoza ndi makhalidwe

Mongolian kavalo mtundu ali chiyambi wakale. Equine mtundu uwu wakhala anayamba ndithu kwambiri kale m'zaka za m'ma XII - nthawi ya kugwirizana kwa Mongolia mafuko. Apakavalo - nthambi zikuluzikulu za Genghis Khan ndi m'malo m'tsogolo. Nyengo ankhanza, woyendayendawu ndi ulimi, akavalo theka-zakutchire zili kwa zaka zambiri - zonsezi zinathandiza kuti kupulumuka kwa anthu Zamphamvu, mkulu mlingo wa olimba ndi thanzi la mpanda wolimba kwambiri.

General maonekedwe a mtundu wa

Waukulu khalidwe kavalo Mongolian - kukhoza kudzikundikira mofulumira ndi kumwa ndalama za nkhokwe mafuta. Komanso, mwina ndi kukhuta pang'ono madzi ngakhale mu nyengo ya dzinja ndi yaitali scalp yokutidwa ndi undercoat wandiweyani. Ngakhale nthawi yaitali aliko, mtundu sanasinthe kwambiri. Ntchitoyo Mongolian kavalo limabweretsa mitundu kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu mapaketi, chishalo ndi oyang'anira. Komabe, sangathe kuchita ntchito ndi katundu osati kwambiri ndi samatha, ngati ali msinkhu waung'ono ndi moyo kulemera.

Mongolian nyengo

The nyengo Mongolia ndi zikuchepa chokhala, louma amphamvu, ndi mphepo lolemera. Makamaka ozizira kumpoto, ndi kusinthasintha lalikulu kutentha (80 °). Mu malo otentha ntchentche youma akubwera yaitali aakulu yozizira (mpaka 40 ° m'munsimu). Zimachitika kuti Mkuntho kukuchitika kwa masiku angapo, ndipo anabwera yotentha kum'mwera, kum'mwera kumadzulo mphepo yamphamvu ndi otentha. mvula kawirikawiri. chisanu sanama yaitali.

North wa dziko ladzala ndi zitsamba. Pa phiri otsetsereka kukula udzu - fescue, Ostrets, Timoteo, bluegrass, bluegrass; m'zigwa mtsinje pa malo otsetsereka a kumpoto kwa mapiri, pa m'madambo meadows zitsamba ambiri zakudya: cinquefoil, saxifrage, Pedicularis ... steppe zomera chimakhala chogwidwa ndi pakati mabwalo a. zomera chipululu sali oyenera mtundu umenewu monga Mongolian kavalo. Photo akavalo kusonyeza maonekedwe a thupi ndi chilengedwe, kuganizira kunja amenewa.

chikoka nyengo pa mtundu wa

Nkhanza ndi theka-zakutchire akavalo Mongolia okhutira, kusankha awo achilengedwe lisachitike zoyesayesa kusintha mtundu. Patsalanso wodzichepetsa ndi wamfupi. Ng'ombe ya Mongolian Anagonjera kusintha mothandizidwa ndi asilikaliwa analanda akavalo nakulitsa Mitundu, monga ku Central Asia. Mlendo mtanda pakati pa kavalo ndipo sanathe azolowere moyo mu ng'ombe ndi nyengo nkhanza.

Komabe, chilekano miyala pafupi Mongolia (Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan) ndi kumpoto (Minusinskaya thanthwe), mochuluka Mongolian kukula. Ambiri mwina, chifukwa cha mlingo wapamwamba njira zamakono kuswana kavalo ndi wofatsa nyengo. Mofananamo, zinthu ndi ofanana m'madera a Mongolia - dera Chita, ndi Buryat-Mongolian, Altai ... Mahatchi m'madera awa ndi thupi misa wamkulu, sipangakhalenso kulongotsoledwa ndi mavuto a mtsogolo.

Mitundu omwe Mongolian kavalo. Kufotokozera kunja

Madera ena a Mongolia zosiyana nyengo, mtunda ndi zikhalidwe za kavalo kuswana ziweto. Zimenezi zimaonekera mitundu ya miyala kumadzulo iwo amakhala akuluakulu, ndi kumwera - yaing'ono. Ambiri kungokhala pamodzimodzi kutalika pa zinafota wa masentimita 123 cm 125. Iwo ayipanga m'madera theka-m'chipululu cha kum'mwera Mongolia. Constitutional osiyana maonekedwe a Mongolian akavalo ndi m'kukoma squat ndi, cylindrical thunthu, lalikulu strata mafuta ndi ubweya wakuda chivundikirocho. Zimenezi zimathandiza nyama kuteteza thupi ku kwambiri amadza kutentha. Luso sachedwa masitolo mafuta kulenga thupi nkhokwe mphamvu zofunika pa moyo pa nthawi yovuta.

Features Lolamulira

Malamulo Oyendetsera Dziko komanso kunja kwa Mongolian Akavalo motere:

• Lolemera, chachikulu mutu.
• Small maso.
• Wandiweyani, lalifupi khosi ndi zokolola otsika.
• Chachitali komanso chozama pachifuwa.
• Molunjika.
• Kuŵeramitsa croup.
• Pasterns molunjika, lalifupi.
• miyendo Short (chestnuts sangakhale alipo).

Malinga ndi suti, kavalo Mongolian si ankayimira. Makamaka chogwidwa ndi imvi kuwala, buckskin, nightingales, wofiira, Bay, Kaur, yofiirira, roan, Chubarov. Akavalo Mongolia ndi cholimba (zaka 20-24) ndi mochedwa (chitukuko udzatha mu zaka 6).

kupirira

Akatswiri monga Przewalski, Kozlov ndi ena ambiri, anatsindika kupirira kwambiri, ndilo Mongolian mtundu wa akavalo, ndipo undemanding kudyetsa ndi kusamalira. Normal kavalo effortlessly pochitika wokwera pa 80 Km patsiku, ndi kuyenda ulendo wa tsiku limodzi - mpaka ku 120 Km. Mahatchi ntchito lalikulu zedi chifukwa atakwera kuyenda zitheke nthunzi, zochitika za masewero, kayendedwe paketi, ng'ombe ikudya, mbuzi, nkhosa ndi nyama zina za pakhomo pa ulimi. udindo wawo ndi wopambana kwambiri moyo wa Mongolia, kuti munthu ali kavalo kuposa wina. Mongolian kupirira akavalo amakopeka obereketsa kutulutsa mitundu yatsopano, koma mpaka dera limeneli sangathe kudzitama chifukwa cha zotsatira wapadera kuswana.

ulimi

Kupita patsogolo luso kunathandiza kuti zaluso m'munda wa kuswana kavalo. mafamu ambiri kukolola udzu m'nyengo yozizira, kumanga nyumba yosavuta pogona mu nyengo yoipa, nachita kuswana kusankha, ndi kumuyesa ndi kudutsa akavalo m'dzikoli Don akavalo, galimoto katundu ndi zina akavalo thoroughbred. Ntchito yofuna pa matenda osiyanasiyana kupewedwa angathe kuwononga kwambiri boma ambiri makamaka kuswana kavalo. Mu ulimi, akavalo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kubala nyama ndi mkaka.

kuswana

Today Mongolian kavalo ayipanga pa msipu m'chigulu. Malamulo, malamulo, makhalidwe ake ena makamaka anapanga mchikakamizo cha nyengo, zimachititsa chilumbachi, makhalidwe a nyumba, kudya, ziweto ndi ntchito. Dera kwambiri Mongolia - m'dera atazungulira m'mapiri. The mtunda ndi kukwezeka pamwamba pa nyanja ndi mamita 1300. Mbali kumpoto ndi phiri nayonso mitunda ndi kupereka njira pakati pa steppe nkhalango, yomwe imapita kum'mwera mu yotakata lamba steppe. Kudera limeneli zonse malo theka Mongolian ndi kwathunthu m'chipululu.

Zima ng'ombe zili m'madera amene ambiri kutetezedwa mphepo, ndi udzu ndi akavalo ludzu kuzimitsira chisanu. Chilimwe anasamukira akavalo msipu pa madzi (mitsinje, nyanja, makiyi). Apa, kulemera kwa Mongolian kavalo akutsitsimuka. Koma gawo lawo kugwa mavuto ambiri: kutentha kwambiri, mphepo yotentha ndi mitambo ya fumbi, kusowa kwa madzi, ntchentche ndi udzudzu ndi kuukira. M'dzinja mpweya kutentha akugwa, kotero akavalo kudziunjikira nkhokwe zazikulu mafuta pokonzekera yozizira kwambiri.

Nkhani za akavalo achinyamata ndi moyo wautali wa moyo

Chaka loyamba ndi lachiwiri la mwana ndi kovuta sadziwa chakudya. Iŵiri (atatu) miyezi chilimwe Mare mkaka mkaka. Nthawi imeneyi, colts ndi nthawi yambiri awo pa zana chala. Choncho, kumwa mkaka wam'mawere, iwo angakhoze kokha usiku. Foals odyetserako zitayenda bwino usiku. Iwo anabweretsa m'banda kusamukira ku msipu forage, kumene kumakhudza kukula ndi chitukuko.

Mongolian kavalo amayambitsa cholimba. Ambiri a iwo amatha ntchito bwino kupitirira zaka 18. Panthawiyo, anapuma cabbies owomboledwa zaka akavalo usilikali (zaka 20-22), amene ankagwira ntchito pa iwo nthawi yayitali.

zida mbali

Ambuye kwa kupanga oyang'anira wakhala anasamala mwapadera ulemerero wake. Kapangidwe amene ali Mongolian chapakamwa kwa kavalo, walola kuti tinyamuke pokha, popanda kuchotsa izo. Chapakamwa anapanga zomangira yopapatiza rawhide. Kawirikawiri ndi woonda linapanga snaffle, kumene amagwira yaitali, zopangidwa webbing, chembur. Iye nthawizonse amakhalabe manja ndi kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chikwapu ndi. Pakuti tchuthi chapakamwa ndi chishalo molemera chokongoletsedwa.

Saddles anapanga kalembedwe mwambo. Matabwa lenchik tichipeza maalumali awiri aafupi kwambiri ndi lonse kakulidwe trapezoidal uta, gawo kutsogolo kwa yemwe ali pamwamba kumbuyo ndi wokwera kuti flanges ndi angled. Onetsetsani kuganizira poika Kwera, zaka wokwera ndi jenda. Chishalo zimachitika tsiku ndi tsiku ndi chikondwerero, ziwalo zonse zimene molemera okongoletsedwa ndi siliva monga chapakamwa. Stirrups holide kwambiri chokongoletsedwa ndi chosema. Chishalo, tenyok chokongoletsedwa ndi nsalu ndipo embossing. Saddles ndi utoto, pinki, wooneka, wachikasu ndi zina mithunzi variegated.

ntchito

Mongol popanda kavalo, popanda manja kapena miyendo. Ankafunika banja lililonse - ngati kuti asamuke, ntchito, mkaka molondola. cholinga chake: asilikali utumiki, kalembedwe, kukwera mahatchi, omwe ntchito yapadera Mongolian chishalo. Akavalo Komabe, ndi drawback kwambiri, kuwapanga zovuta ntchito mu ntchito ndi yonyamula mphamvu yaikulu - kukula ang'onoang'ono. Imodzi Mongolian kavalo si bwino analekerera ndi nyengo ndi dampness kwambiri, zomwe kwambiri kumalepheretsa ntchito yawo lonse m'madera ena.

Chifukwa mofulumira, sitepe ake zipatso ndi canter zosavuta, ntchito zabwino kusambira, Mongolian kavalo chabwino kusuntha mumchenga, n'zosavuta kukwera phiri, adzatsika kuchokera iwo. Mungapeze kavalo-Pony, omwe amaonedwa kwambiri m'deralo.

wotchuka zosangalatsa mitundu. Pakati pawo, ambiri kutali (25 km). Kavalo pafupifupi chililaka kuwala wokwera 25 Km padziko maminiti forte- awiri. Top racers anachoka pamaso Undurhana. Kuchokera pamenepa anali kuwapititsa ku malo osiyanasiyana Mongolia ndipo ngakhale zimagulitsidwa ku China. Ulan Bator ali racecourse, amene makamu anagona. Kumene, timayamikira kavalo mtundu, malamulo ndi kunja. Siyense kavalo ali ndi liwiro, ndi racers khalidwe. Best wa mtundu chifukwa anagona muwoloka pamene mukumwa m'dera thoroughbred Mayi ndi stallion a mitundu ina. Ngakhale panalibe socialization, mu Mongolia, pali malo ambiri racehorses.

Mwachitsanzo, miyala: borzhigon, Galshar, Bayantsagaan. Pambuyo socialization wa thoroughbreds ziweto sali kupita kunja funso. Koma, chifukwa ndi nzeru pastoralists njira, iwo anatha kusunga gawo la Mitundu racehorses.

Modernity masamba chizindikiro chake pa Mongolia. Masiku ano, anthu kunadetsa mupewe apakira. Choncho, akavalo kutaya chathu chofuna awo achilengedwe khalidwe. Ngakhale kavalo - kunyada kwa Mongol, magalimoto ndi njinga zamoto kubwera kwa m'malo ...