Zofunikira za "Mtima wa Dog"

Nkhani ya "Mtima wa Dog ndi" amalola kuti athe kufufuza akamanena za luso wotchuka Soviet wolemba Mikhail Bulgakov. nkhani linalembedwa mu 1925. Chifukwa iye ndi chimodzi cha ntchito chifungulo cha Russian mabuku chiyambi cha XX atumwi, kuyesetsa kumvetsa pamodzi.

nkhani kufika

Issues "Mtima wa Dog" zinapatsira ndi amene maso onse anapeza ntchito imeneyi. dzina wapachiyambi unali "Mtima wa galu. A nkhani yaikulu." Koma ndiye wolemba waganiza kuti gawo lachiwiri kukuwonjezera kokha mutu.

Ophunzira oyamba anayamba nkhani ya abwenzi Bulgakov ndi anzawo, omwe anasonkhana pa Nikitinsky mongodzipereka. Nthano chidwi. zokambirana ake mumangidwa tingadziwe ulemu wake. Mavuto a buku "Mtima wa Dog" anakhala mmodzi wa nkhani zomwe zakambidwa mu m'miyezi ikubwerayi mwa matauni anthu ophunzira. Chifukwa cha mphekesera za iye ndipo anabwera ndi mabungwe yazamalamulo. Mu nyumba Bulgakov udasanthulidwa, iwo analandidwa zolembedwa. Iye sanali anatuluka pa moyo wake, akufalitsidwa yekha mu zaka za perestroika.

Ndipo zimenezi n'zomveka. Ndipotu, mavuto a "Mtima wa Dog ndi" amasonyeza mavuto zikuluzikulu za anthu Soviet, amene anaonekera pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pa October kuukira boma. Ndipotu zoona, Bulgakov poyerekeza ndi mphamvu ya galu kuti kwasanduka munthu wodzikonda ndi zauve.

Muzochitika mu Soviet Russia

Kusanthula mavuto a "Mtima wa galu", n'zotheka kufufuza zinthu zinali bwanji chikhalidwe ndi mbiri yakale ku Russia pambuyo pa Bolsheviks anayamba kulamulira. Nkhani anasonyeza mavuto onse anakumana ndi anthu Soviet mu zoyambirira za 20s lapansi.

Pakati - kafukufuku wa sayansi yogwilizana Chiwalitsiro pulofesa. Iye kumuika munthu galu pituitary. Zotsatira upambana timayembekezera. Mu masiku ochepa galu kwasanduka munthu.

Ntchito imeneyi inali Bulgakov poyankha zinthu zikuchitika mu dziko. kafukufuku wa sayansi, zimene iye anajambula - yowala ndi zolondola chithunzi cha ulimi proletarian ndi zotsatira zake.

Nkhaniyo, wolemba kuzipeza owerenga ambiri zofunika. Kuukira ndi wachibale zamoyo zimene chikhalidwe cha boma latsopano ndi tsogolo la anzeru chiyani? Koma Bulgakov si onse mitu ndale. Iye analinso nkhawa vuto la okalamba ndi makhalidwe ndi makhalidwe. Iye ayenera kupeza ndani wa iwo ndi zambiri uweme.

Kutchulira wa anthu

Mavuto a buku "Mtima wa Dog" ndi Bulgakov mwachuluka wotsutsana ndi kumabungwe osiyanasiyana a anthu, kusiyana pa nthawi imeneyo makamaka pachimake. Luntha ophatikizapo pulofesa sayansi nyale Filipp Filippovich Preobrazhensky. Woimira munthu "watsopano" wobadwa kusintha, ndi Shvonder nyumba bwana, ndipo kenako ndi mipira, zomwe zochitika pa mawu a bwenzi lake latsopano ndi mabodza mabuku chikominisi.

Wothandizira Chiwalitsiro, Dr. Bormental, maina a Mlengi, koma wolemba bwino ali ndi maganizo osiyana. Iye sali okonzeka amasirira pulofesa.

malamulo kusanduka

Amanena chachikulu ndicho kuti Chiwalitsiro zopha malamulo lofunika kwa zinthu, kuyesa udindo wa Mulungu. Adalenga munthu ndi manja ake, atagwira, kwenikweni, ndi kuyesera lamkunkhuniza. Apa Bulgakov limatchula dzina lake pachiyambi.

Dziwani kuti anali ngati Bulgakov kuyesera anatenga chirichonse chimene chinachitika pamene dziko. Ndipo lalikulu kuyesera pa sikelo ndipo nthawi yomweyo oopsa. Chinthu chachikulu ndi zimene wolemba sichitha Chiwalitsiro - ndi ufulu makhalidwe a Mlengi. Pambuyo vesting yosokera galu makhalidwe abwino anthu, Preobrazhensky anapangidwa kuchokera Sharikov mwiniwake wa oipa onse, kunali anthu. Professor Lee anali nao ufulu? funso limeneli yodziwika ndi mavuto a "Mtima wa Dog ndi" ndi Bulgakov.

Maumboni zopeka

Mu buku Bulgakov a analemba zambiri Mitundu. Koma odziwika ndi kutchulidwa kwa yopeka. Kuti iwo ali mbali yaikulu ya zosemasema. Chifukwa, Kuzindikira wabweretsedwa mpaka absurdity.

Chimodzi mwa mfundozo waukulu wolemba - kulephera moumiriza kusintha kwa anthu. Makamaka oterowo kwakukulu. Mbiri imasonyeza kuti iye anali kulondola zinthu zambiri. Zolakwa anapanga ndi Bolsheviks, tsopano kupanga maziko a m'mabuku a mbiri yakale zoyenera nthawi imeneyo.

Mpira anapanga munthu akuimira khalidwe avareji chi. Chinthu chachikulu pa moyo wake - kalasi kudana adani. Mwachitsanzo, proletariat sangakhoze kuima pa bourgeoisie. M'kupita kwa nthawi, udani izi anawonjezera kuti olemera, ndi kwa anthu ophunzira ndi luntha wamba. Iwo likukhalira kuti maziko a dziko latsopano - udani izi zonse akale. N'zoonekeratu kuti dziko zachokera udani, kunalibe tsogolo.

Akapolo mu mphamvu

Bulgakov akuyesera kuti akapereke malo awo - mphamvu anali akapolo. Ndi ichi "Mtima wa galu." mavuto kwagona kuti ufulu wolamulira analandira pamaso osachepera maphunziro kochepa ndi kumvetsa chikhalidwe. Anthu amenewa kudzuka ndi achibadwidwe kwambiri pa ballpoint. Anthu ali wopanda mphamvu pamaso pa iwo.

Pakati mbali luso ntchito tisaiwale mayanjano ambiri ndi maumboni zapamwamba zoweta ndi achilendo. Chinsinsi mankhwala akhoza analandira mwa kupenda padzuwa kutsogolera.

Zinthu zimene timapeza Vuto "Mtima wa Dog" (Mkuntho, nyengo yachisanu, ndi yosokera galu), tikunena "khumi" ndakatulo Blok.

The yofunika ankaimba ndi moperewera mwatsatanetsatane, ngati kolala ndi. Blok mu kolala amabisa mphuno yake bourgeois ndi Bulgakov anali galu pokhala ndi kolala Mzimuyo udindo wa Chiwalitsiro, pozindikira kuti pamaso pake - zopindula, osati njala proletarian.

Ambiri, tinganene kuti "mtima wa Dog" - ntchito kwambiri a Bulgakov, zomwe ndi mbali yaikulu pa ntchito yake, ndipo mabuku onse Russian. Choyamba pa dongosolo maganizo. Koma kutamanda mbali woyenera ndi luso, ndi kuti mavuto, limene limatulukira nkhaniyo.