Ziti ali ndi ufulu kukhalanso?

Jurisprudence - sayansi zovuta, tiyeni malamulo yekha lonse, ndipo ngakhale koposa choncho. Zodziwika bwino zizindikiro, koma pali ena zikalata amawatenga UN, koma vuto lagona pa choona kuti awo kukhazikitsa Sizotheka kuti tikwaniritse chifukwa wamng'ono wa asilikali malamulo. amphamvu dziko nkhondo zambiri kubala zochita zomwe sizikugwirizana mu kusamvana, ndipo sindichita kanthu mungathe. Only chinthu chimodzi - kudalira precedents ndi kuziona ngati mfundo zikuluzikulu za kusalakwa kapena M'malo mwake, lamulo la padziko lonse. Apa zoyenera kuchita ngati mbali ya boma linalengeza chigamulo chake kuti mupewe umembala wake? Ndipo ngati tifuna kulowa ena? Zikatero anthu ambiri.

chikalata malamulo

Chophweka njira ndi odziwika kuti vutoli - ndi referendum. Monga izi ndi kufunsa anthu, ngakhale iwo kukhala mosiyana, kapena amakonda kukhala zokhazikika m'dziko logwirizana. Pa nkhani imeneyi, pali basi zonse chikalata losadziwika. Ndi hayala United Nations. M'nkhani yake yoyamba ananena momveka bwino lamanja la mitundu ya anthu wodzilamulira, komanso kutaya ufulu chuma zachilengedwe ndi chuma. Komanso, dera mbiri asalandidwe njira ang'onoang'ono. Ndi mwayi ntchito lamulo limeneli, maphwando onse anasaina chikalata (kuphatikizapo Ukraine) kuti analonjeza kuti, kulimbikitsa, ndipo ngati Gawo Trust ena a dziko, chifukwa ndi udindo. Izi - mfundo yofunika kwambiri ya lamulo lonse. Onse bwino. Koma chifukwa Ndipotu nthawi zambiri chikuyenda molakwika, ndipo nthawi iliyonse mosiyana?

Kosovo chochitika

Pa Balkan mavuto ku Soviet umodzi wa boma boma ndi mayiko palokha - Croatia, Slovenia, Bosnia ndi Herzegovina. Europe ndi United States analandira kusankha anthu, kutchula kale hayala UN. Pa nthawi yomweyo, Chisebiya Krajina, ufulu umenewu wakhala adakana. Anayamba zapachiweniweni, ankavala njira onse, koma olakwa anamuzindikira mbali imodzi yokha mkangano. Patapita nthawi, pambuyo alowererepo NATO, Kosovo wakhala anazindikira ngati boma palokha, ndipo ngakhale kuchititsa referendum mu kunapezeka kuti chilibe ntchito. Pankhaniyi anakhala chitsanzo, kenako kugawikana kwa dziko m'magulu osiyana ndi salinso amaona chinthu chodabwitsa. Anthu anaganiza - ndiye zikhale momwemo. Lamanja la mitundu kukhalanso ndi wopatulika, koma funso ndi lakuti: ndichiyani? anthu chiyani? Kodi zikutanthauzanji mawu awa?

Kodi mtundu?

Poyambirira, mu Soviet Union, funso angayankhire wophunzira aliyense amene anaphunzira ngakhale mmene mokhulupirika. Iye ankadziwa kuti anthu - ndi gulu lalikulu la anthu ogwirizana ndi zingapo zochititsa, kuphatikizapo chinenero, dera ndipo i ambiri, kuphatikizapo omwe akusonyeza ngakhale khalidwe. Izi chiphunzitso yaitali anatulukira I. V. Stalin yekha, amene, monga ife tikudziwira, anali connoisseur lalikulu la funso anthu. Iye akhapidziwa kuti anthu a Soviet Union mochuluka monga mayiko ake constituent, kuti ndi khumi ndi zisanu (ambiri a nthawi ya Soviet Union). Koma pambali panali anthu, izi ndi za yemweyo, kakang'ono kokha ndipo popanda ufulu wodzilamulira, zotchulidwa mu Constitution. Kuti ndi theoretically (ndipo kunapezeka, ndipo mochitika), Ukrainians, Azerbaijanis ndi Armenia akhoza anapambulwa, koma Ingush kapena Karyaka - palibe. Koma nthawi ikamapita patsogolo, mfundo kusintha, wodzazidwa ndi okhutira yatsopano, ndi tanthauzo Stalin wa anthu (amitundu) sizikuyenda. Mwachitsanzo, Bosnia Asilamu, ndipo ngakhale tanthauzo la mtundu musalekane. Awa ndi Serbia omwewo kulankhula chilankhulo chomwecho, Asilamu okha.

Russia

Inde, iyi ndi yovuta kwambiri. A nambala yaikulu mitundu, ogwirizana mu dongosolo logwirizana boma la m'gawo lalikulu ndi chinenero yake, chikhalidwe komanso zikhulupiriro za zipembedzo. Mu zaka 90 mavuto azachuma komanso kumwalira umodzi maganizo nsanja kwachititsa kuti m'badwo wa asilikali centrifugal ndi kuopseza kugwa kwa dziko. izi unaonekera kwambiri bwinobwino mu Republic Chechen, ndipo nkhondo inayambika. Malamulo a atsogoleri yachilendo zinali zovuta, pa dzanja limodzi akuthandiza kukhulupirika Kupititsa (mawu), Komano umanena pa anthu ufulu kukhala paokha. Mu Chechnya, ikuchitika misa kuyeretsa fuko mwachibale kwa Chirasha anthu, likulu zinthu awkwardly ndi ntchito mphamvu yakusatetezeka, koma pamapeto pake, zosemphana ndi vuto lalikulu ndi imfa ndithu akhoza adafuthula kwambiri kwa kuwawidwa kwa West ankaganiza kuti ndondomeko ya azingokhala adzakhala chigumukire . Mwamwayi, mfundo ya utsogoleri Russian zidachitika molondola.

Crimea

Vuto Crimea kupanga chimaonekera kwambiri. Chiwerengero cha chilumba kusonyeza kufunika kwa tsogolo lake mu referendums awiri. Komabe, mu nkhani iyi, otchedwa "mayiko" watenga malingaliro amphamvu. Kunena, referendum pa kugwirizana yoyenda yokha m'chigawo cha wosadziŵa Russian, izo unachitikira "pa gunpoint". Anthu a ku Ulaya ndi United States mokoma anaika chithunzi choopsa: pa Sevastopol wotanganidwa (.. Simferopol, Yalta, etc.) kupita olondera wachisoni, anthu amaopa, mantha anthu Tartars, ndipo ambiri, ntchito kumeneko.

Pankhaniyi, mukafunsa iliyonse German Mwachitsanzo, chochita ngati anthu ali ambiri timafuna kukhala mbali ya Russia, iye ankayankha kuti ndilipo: "Chabwino, ngati inde, ndiye chiyani?" Mu chikumbumtima chake European basi ine sindingakhoze kumvetsa momwe munthu akhoza kukhala kuti chinachake kukakamiza, makamaka kudera zochuluka monga Crimea. Chabe kumadzulo ayi komabe akukhulupirira kuti referendum imachitika mwachilungamo. Mwina, ngati utsogoleri Russian analipereka ilo kachiwiri kuyang'aniridwa ndi nthumwi lonse, ndi kutseka nkhaniyi, zikuoneka kuti anavomera. Koma njira izi ndi zolowana suona.

North Ossetia, Abkhazia ndi ena "kukangana achisanu"

Mu mayiko nazonso, panabuka mkangano chifukwa Kupititsa kukhulupirika, ndi chowawa kwambiri chimene chinali, zochepa mpata bwino anakhalabe. referendum, ndithudi, boma Chijojiya wakhala si wonyamulidwa, zikuoneka kukhulupirira kuti chabwino chilichonse izo sizidzatero. Komabe, iye anali mu Abkhazia ndi North Ossetia, ndi kudziyimira pawokha olekanitsidwa ndi zambiri muyaya. Kale kwambiri zofanana ndi zimene zinachitika mu mawanga ena otentha wa USSR kale, Transnistria ndi Nagorno-Karabakh. nkhondo izi anafotokozedwa monga "atapanga", ndipo mwina njira yokhayo kupewa kuphana payokha.

Donbass

"M'madera ena," monga momwe limatchedwa mwa oimira boma Kiev, monga Ndipotu ali mu zone ya "mazira" (komabe ndithu) nkhondo. Chiyembekezo cha kubwerera kwawo ku logwirizana boma Chiyukireniya ndi zochepa chifukwa ovulala zambiri kwa anthu akhafuna ndipo anatha akhululukireni iwo. Kachiwiri referendum, ndipo zikuoneka kuti wapathengo. Komabe, kuvomereza imfa ya gawo Kiev, nawonso ayi. Mtsutso waukulu, ngati inu sanatchule ndi mawu delirious za "United Ukraine" za yemweyo: "Palibe mtundu wotere - Donetsk (Lugansk, Crimea). Ndipo pamene mbali achangu decommunisation mwanjira osaganizira zimene amagwiritsa ntchito mtima chomwecho zaka Stalinist mtundu onse.

World pa

Mavuto kukhalanso ndi silili danga pambuyo Soviet. Evince chikhumbo ufulu Catalans, okhala Ireland Northern, ndipo ngakhale Texas. Nthawi zambiri, nkhani zimenezi tatsimikiza mwamtendere, Mwachitsanzo, nkhondo itatha, Saar m'dera "anagwidwa" mu Germany. Mu 1962 panali analanda dziko la India Chipwitikizi njuchi a Goa ndipo ambiri m'madera ena. Mu 1965, Singapore ananena kusadalira Malaysia. anthu ochepa kumbukirani kuti Norway mpaka 1905 (ngakhale zaka 111 zapitazo!) linali gawo la Sweden. Ndipo pali zitsanzo zina. Nthawi zambiri, referendum unachitikira, ndi onse - pali dziko lina. Ndipo kumenya nkhondo. Ogwiritsa ali ndi ufulu wosankha mmene angathere bwino.