Memo anamanga Ulugbek - Observatory (Samarkand, Uzbekistan): kufotokoza, mbiri ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

Mu Uzbekistan, pali zazikulu ndi zokongola mzinda Samarkand, omwe kawirikawiri komanso kutchedwa panja owonetsera zakale. Ndipo zimenezi sizinachitike mwangozi. M'mbuyomu, m'dera limeneli linali limodzi mwa malo amphamvu kwambiri chipembedzo, ndale, chikhalidwe ndi sayansi Asia. Pamene asayansi ndi zithunzi onse amene anali m'gawo lake, apeza zinthu wapadera pano ndipo anamanga nyumba zazikulu. A chopereka makamaka lalikulu sayansi wapanga wolamulira Mohammed Taragay, imadziwika ndi Ulugbek. The Observatory anamangidwa ndi chimodzi cha zokopa waukulu mumzinda. Ndi wolemera mbiri ndi chikhalidwe cholowa.

A pang'ono wolamulira lodziwika bwino

Mohammed Taragay mdzukulu wa wamkulu amir Timur. Kuyambira ndili mwana yoyambirira ankachita chidwi kwambiri ndi sayansi zosiyanasiyana ndi chikhumbo chachikulu kudziwa. Mnyamatayo anali osati mwa chibadwa mgonjetsi, ngati agogo wake wotchuka - Tamerlane. Maphunziro a wolamulira wam'tsogolo wa Samarkand linachititsa aphunzitsi a nthawi imeneyo. Aphunzitsi anali wokhoza kuphunzitsa iye chikondi cha luso ndi sayansi.

Kukhala wamng'ono kwambiri, iye anapita ndi agogo ake mu msonkhano wina aukali. Akupita, anaona yomanga osaka Ulugbek. The Observatory anamangidwa ndi asayansi a Azerbaijan, anapambana mnyamata ndi zomangamanga ndiponso kukongola. Tikhoza kunena kuti pa nthawi yeniyeni mu mtima waung'ono Mohammed Taragay anakakhala maloto a malo ake chomwecho kafukufuku. Patapita kanthawi Ulugbek anakhala wolamulira wa Maurya, likulu amene anali Samarkand. Iye anayamba kuzindikira maganizo awo akale linanena.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe cha maloto onse moyo

Kumanga yomanga inayamba mu 1420 pa ntchito yomanga ntchito yake chidachitika zaka zitatu. Mu dongosolo la chitukuko la nyumba chopereka chachikulu zimene asayansi ndi zakuthambo, choncho kenako Samarkand Ulugbek Observatory ndi chipangizo abwino kuyan'anila zosiyanasiyana sanali muyezo ndi choyambirira matupi dziko. Mpheroyi apansi zitatu ndipo anali mawonekedwe a yamphamvu ndi. Nyumba imeneyi ndi kukwapula kukongola ndi m'maganizo, monga zomangamanga anali sizionekaoneka nyumba za makolo ku Middle East. nyumba izi zazikulu lili ndi makoma ake ndi protractor chachikulu, amene utali wozungulira ndi wofanana oposa 40 m. Chifukwa cha chipangizo izi zinali zotheka kuyeza kutalika kwa zinthu zakuthambo monga iwo kudutsa meridian zakuthambo.

Pa dera la malo sayansi ndinayesa kuwononga nthawi yawo Ulugbek. The Observatory anakhala kunyumba yake yachiwiri. Iye anayesera chitsanzo chake kuuzira asayansi atulukira latsopano, komanso anali mtsogoleri wa sayansi pafupifupi ntchito ndi kafukufuku. Koma zochitika okhazikika ntchito ya boma kuti kuchotsa kwa mkulu wa nthawi yambiri ndiponso khama, kotero nthawizina anapita ndi maganizo a kutseka Science Center. Mwamwayi, pa zakuthambo novice anatha kusintha maganizo ake kusintha njira kuti anasintha maganizo ake Ulugbek. Observatory ndiye udachita mphamvu ina yake yatsopano. Mohammed Taragay analenga zikomo dongosolo lapadera mapepala ake sayansi. Ndipo iye anapita mpaka mu mbiri monga luso zakuthambo, masamu ndi kafukufuku.

Tsoka wotsatira

Ngakhale Ulugbek anasonyeza wokha ngati woganizira ndi monga wolamulira, mwatsoka, si onse ngati udzayesedwa kuti ndale. Ambiri anali okonda kuti iye amaganiziranso nthawi yake yambiri ndi sayansi pang'ono m'zochitika anthu. Choncho, 1449, mwana wake Abd Latif, analowa chiwembu wonyenga ndi adani a bambo ake, iye anapha Mohammed Taragay Akunjenjemera mphamvu.

Ngakhale kuti zinthu izi zoopsa, Ulugbek Observatory wapitiriza ntchito ngakhale kwa zaka makumi awiri. Koma anayamba kuzunza asayansi, kukakamiza kuti achoke osati pakati kafukufuku, komanso Samarkand. nyumbayi anamangidwa Wofufuzayo kwambiri ndi kazembe, anali atasiya kwa nthawi yaitali. M'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi Ulugbek Observatory anali anagwetsa pafupifupi pansi, ndipo anachita okha maziko kuyambira izo.

The zofukulidwa Mu zaka zapitazo

Mu zaka za m'ma XX, katswiriyo ndi kafukufuku L. Vyatkin sanathe kwa nthawi yaitali kupeza malo kumene kunaima Center Research. Zotsalira za nyumba akale anapeza chifukwa cha chikalata chomwecho, amene anali kudzipereka kwa dziko ndipo wakhala analembedwa m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri. Gawo lotsiriza la ntchito yomanga anapangidwa mu 1948 pamene nyumbayi ntchito zidutswa apezeka, chimene adachipasula kale munali ndi Observatory wa Ulugbek (Uzbekistan). Komanso wa protractor anapezeka, amene tamutchula pamwambapa. chipangizo ichi mwangwiro anasunga mu gawo mobisa kwa nyumbayi. Iye ali tsopano chionetsero mu mabungwe chikhalidwe Samarkand.

chikumbukiro

Mu zaka zao za sikisite Mu zaka zapitazo, m'nyumbayi linatsegulidwa Suli kutali ndi malo a lodziwika bwino pakati kafukufuku akale. Iwo unatchedwa Ulugbek. Mkati mwa nyumbayo ndi chokongoletsedwa ndi osiyanasiyana murals, zomwe zimasonyeza mphindi ku moyo wa wolamulira wamkulu ndi zakuthambo. Chionetsero tichipeza zithunzi anatengedwa pa ntchito yomanga, komanso zida wakale zakuthambo ndi magome a zakuthambo. Mu 2010, pafupi nyumbayi anamangidwira malo polemekeza Muhammad Taragay.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Iwo likukhalira kuti chofunika kwambiri ntchito sayansi moyo Ulugbek linasindikizidwa pambuyo pa imfa yake. Izi zinali zotheka chifukwa chakuti wina wa zakuthambo wake akhoza kutenga kuchokera Samarkand, asayansi anazunzidwa. Choncho, "New Guraganovye zakuthambo matebulo" zinasindikizidwa mu Istanbul nakhalabe bata zaka zambiri, wapadera mtundu wake. Ndi kupyolera mu ichi anthu m'ndandanda anamva kuti chaka Nyenyezi tichipeza masiku 365 ndi maola 6.

Ulugbek (Samarkand, Uzbekistan) - nyumba zazikulu, makoma a omwe anapangidwa ndi akaidi ambiri ndi kuphunzira, anakhala chopereka kwambiri kuti chuma cha nzeru za anthu za zakuthambo.