Njoka yokongola. Mayina ndi kufotokoza kwa njoka

Mawu akuti "njoka" mosakayikira amachititsa anthu kuti azichita mosiyana: ena amangowopa, wina amabwera kukumbukira njoka, ndipo wina ali wokonzeka kutenga njoka monga chiweto, kudzitamandira kwa abwenzi ake. Kodi ndi nyama zotani? Zamoyo zam'nyumbazi, zopanda phokoso, zowonongeka zimakhala padziko lonse lapansi, m'mapiri a equator, m'chipululu, mapiri. Njoka zimakhala ndi mitundu yosiyana ndi kukula kwake, kuchokera mamita ochepa mpaka masentimita angapo. Palinso anthu ena omwe alibe vuto lililonse, ndipo pali ena omwe amawapha, ndipo ndibwino kuti asamapite nawo kuthengo kapena kunyumba. M'nkhani ino tidzakulangizani njoka zokongola, zizindikiro zawo, makhalidwe, malo okhala, maonekedwe ndi zosiyana.

Kuwonekera kwa njoka yachifumu

Njoka yachifumu (Lampropeltis) imatanthawuza mtundu wosakhala woopsa komanso banja losasokonezeka. Pali mitundu 14 ya anthuwa, omwe amakhala kumpoto ndi Central America ndi Mexico. Dzina lina "Shining Shield" linapezedwa chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa miyeso yapadera. "N'chifukwa chiyani mwamutcha kuti mfumu?" - mumapempha. Anatchulidwanso chifukwa chakuti kudyetsa amadya njoka zina, kuphatikizapo owopsa. Izi zikuchitika chifukwa chakuti njoka yachifumu imatsutsana ndi poizoni wa achibale.

Mpaka lero, ma subspecies asanu ndi awiri okha a m'banja lachifumu akhala akuphunzira bwino. Zonsezi zimasiyana mosiyana ndi mtundu komanso mtundu, komanso kukula. Thupi likhoza kukhala losiyana ndi mamita 0.8 mpaka 1.5-2m. Monga lamulo, mamba a mtundu uwu ndi ofewa, wobiriwira mu mitundu yowala komanso yosiyana, ndipo chitsanzo chachikulu chimaimira mawonekedwe amitundu yambiri. Nthawi zambiri pali mitundu yofiira, yakuda ndi yoyera.

Kukhalapo kuthengo

Njoka zokongola zomwe zimapezeka kumadera akumapiri a kumpoto kwa America. Kawirikawiri amapezeka ku Arizona, Nevada. Zakudya zowonongeka zimatsogolera moyo wapadziko lapansi, sizilekerera kutentha. Choncho, pakakhala youma ndi nyengo yotentha, amasaka usiku.

Zosiyanasiyana

Pansipa tikukupatsani inu mitundu yowonjezeka kwambiri ya njoka zachifumu zomwe ziri za mtundu wosakhala woopsa:

• Njoka ili 1.5 mamita yaitali. Ali ndi katatu, wakuda, chitsulo kapena mutu wakuda ndi thupi lamphamvu. Chifaniziro chake chikuwoneka mwa kuphatikizapo imvi ndi malalanje.
• Njoka yokongola imakhala mamita awiri kutalika, imakhala ndi mutu wochepa kwambiri, wothandizidwa pambuyo pake ndi thupi laling'ono, lolimba. Mtundu wake ndi wofiira kapena wofiirira ndi mawere a quadrant ofiira ofiira kapena ofiira ndi oyera.

• Arizona - kutalika kufika pamtunda umodzi. Ali ndi mutu wakuda, wozungulira wakuda ndi thupi lochepa thupi, lokhala ndi mtundu wa maonekedwe atatu omwe amawoneka ngati ofiira, ofiira, achikasu ndi oyera.

Ndikufuna kuwonjezera kuti mitundu yotsatirayi yathandizidwanso mwakhama: Common, Sinaloy, Californian ndi Snriped Snake.

Mndandanda wa njoka zosangalatsa kwambiri padziko lapansi

• Honduran Mkaka uli ndi mtundu wakuda ndi wofiira.
• Njoka yokongola kwambiri ikukhala ku Texas ndipo siyiizoni, kuluma kwake si koopsa kuposa kuluma njuchi.
• Chimwenye -kum'maŵa akum'maŵa - malinga ndi deta yosadziwika, yaitali kwambiri ku America, anthu opitirira mamita 9.2 anawonedwa. Kusiyana kwa njoka zina ndikuti ali ndi mtundu wawo wakuda kwambiri. Pali ngakhale ubweya wabuluu wokongola.
• Emerald wood boa constrictor ndi njoka yochuluka kwambiri komanso yosakumbukira padziko lonse lapansi. Iwo amakhala ku South America ndi ku Amazon.
• The Iridescent Shieldtail ndi njoka yokongola komanso yokongola kwambiri padziko lapansi. Kwa nthawi yonse imene anapeza m'chilengedwe, zitsanzo zitatu zokha zinagwidwa. Palibenso zambiri zokhudza momwe amachitira zinthu zakutchire. Koma zomwe tikudziwa motsimikizika, njoka iyi ndi yokongola kwambiri komanso yosawerengeka.

• Rainbow python ya Brazil - idatchulidwa motero chifukwa cha mitundu yake yowala, yowutsa mudyo komanso yowoneka bwino. Mtundu waukulu wa njoka uli m'ma toni a bulauni ndi a lalanje. Amakhala ku America komanso ku Amazon. Njoka ndi ya kukula kwapakati, poyerekezera ndi ena imakonda malo obiriwira ndi mtsinje. Amakhala pafupi zaka makumi awiri.
• Orika aspidamu ndi njoka yokongola kwambiri, koma nthawi yomweyo ndi yoopsa kwambiri, ngati njoka zonse zakoral. Kuwomba sikopezeka kawirikawiri, osapitirira 20 akulira chaka, koma onse amafa, palibe mankhwala. Ngati kwa mphindi zingapo munthu wodwala atabweretsedwa kuchipatala, ndiye kuti sizingatheke kuti athandizidwe.
• Python yobiriwira ndi nyama yokongola kwambiri. Iye amakhala ku New Guinea, Indonesia ndi Australia. Mitundu imeneyi ikuopsezedwa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mitengo. Njoka iyi ndi yokongola kwambiri pa mndandanda wathu.

Njoka yamphesa

Njoka yamphesa yamphesa (Oxybelis fulgidus) imayimira mitundu yambiri ya banja Colubrid. Amakhala m'mapiri otentha a ku Central ndi North America. Mbalame yam'mimba imakhala ndi thupi lokongola kwambiri, pafupifupi 2 cm lakuda, ndi mamita awiri kutalika. Mchira umakhala wofiira komanso woonda, mutu ndi wopota, pakamwa palikulu ndipo umatuluka pafupifupi mutu wonse. Chilankhulochi ndi chobiriwira ndipo chimasunthira mmwamba ndi pansi. Njoka ya mphesa ndi yopanda ulemu komanso yamtendere mokwanira, choncho imakondedwa kusungidwa kunyumba. Kuluma ndi poizoni, koma sikumapha ngati mutatenga nthawi, koma, ngakhale izi ziri zopweteka kwambiri. Angalepheretse chala cha munthu kwa miyezi yambiri. Amadyetsa, monga lamulo, ndi mbewa. Koma ndi bwino kukumbukira, ngati mutasankha kukhala ndi njoka m'nyumbayi, onetsetsani kuti mbewa sizinali zazikulu, mwinamwake njoka sizidzazidya ngakhale.

Njoka Yakuda

Nyoka ya White White, kapena Texas Hold (Elaphe anasiya Lindheimeri). Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa mitundu yambiri ya njoka yomwe ili ndi khungu loyera ndi la buluu lalikulu maso. Kutalika kwafika mamita 1.8. Mitundu imeneyi imakhala ku America ndi kumwera kwa Canada. Nthawi zina mumatha kukomana pafupi ndi midzi. Ngwewe imadyetsa makoswe, mbalame, achule. Zikopa sizinjoka zowopsa, koma zimakhala zowawa kwambiri, makamaka panthawi yopuma. Chiwawa chimasonyezedwa panthawi imene amva kuti ali pangozi ndipo amatha kuonongeka. Amakhala zaka pafupifupi 17.

Zosangalatsa

1. Njoka zamphepete padziko lapansi ndi zochepera osati zoopsa, katatu.
2. Poizoni anthu akewa sakugwiritsidwanso ntchito pofuna kuteteza, koma pofuna kusaka.
3. Zonse zowopsya mu moyo nthawi zonse moult.
4. Njoka yaikulu kwambiri yamoyo ndi anaconda, yomwe imafika mamita asanu mpaka asanu ndi awiri ndipo imalemera makilogalamu oposa zana.