Vinyo woyera wotchuka kwambiri. Riesling: mbiri, zida, mtengo

Pamodzi ndi Sauvignon blanc ndi Chardonnay, Wine Riesling imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa mafumu atatu a mitundu yoyera. M'nkhani ino tidzakambirana nkhani ya kuswana kwa mpesa uwu. Nkhondo yake yogonjetsa pa mitundu ya mphesa "Riesling" inayamba ndi malo a Rhine. Pang'onopang'ono, mipesa yake inayamba kudutsa m'mayiko amenewo kutali ndi Germany, kumene nyengo siili yosiyana m'chilimwe. Kodi n'chiyani chimapangitsa Riesling kukhala wotchuka kwambiri? Choyamba, acidity yake, yomwe imalola kuti vinyo aziphuka ndi kupindula mu mabotolo kwa zaka zambiri. Chachiwiri, Riesling amalongosola bwino zenizeni za malo otentha - malo omwe mipesa inakula. Ndipo, potsiriza, kachiwiri, vinyo uyu akhoza kukhala osiyana ndi kuchuluka kwa kuchepetsa shuga kuchokera ku youma kwambiri mpaka mchere. M'mayiko ozungulira kumpoto monga Germany, kumene kuli chiopsezo chenicheni chosonkhanitsa kumapeto kwa zipatso za nyengo sizinali kucha, "Riesling" - weniweni wand-zashchalochka. Vinyo wosiyanasiyanawa amapambana kuyambira kukolola koyamba, komanso kuchokera ku otchedwa "spatter". Koma ife tidzatha kufotokoza zonsezi zochepa pansipa.

Kubadwa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana

Ndani ndi pamene anabweretsa mipesa "Riesling" - simukudziwa. Mbiri yoyamba ya mphesa siinapezeke mu mbiri, koma m'buku lachuma. A Germany ndi anthu osunga nthawi, ndipo Count Katzelnbogen wa Rousselheim (Rheingau) analemba mosamala mbiri yake kuti mu 1435, pa 13 thando la March, kholo lawo adapeza mbande zisanu ndi chimodzi za Riesling, kulipira solidas 22. Zaka makumi asanu zapitazo kuchokera ku mitundu ya mphesa akutchulidwa ku Alsace. Kalata yotchedwa Latin herbarium Hieronymus Boca imatchula "Riesling" pamodzi ndi mitundu ina ya mipesa. Kodi makolo awo anali osiyana bwanji? Izi zikufotokozedwa ndi majini amasiku ano. "Riesling" mphesa zinachokera ku tramin yamba yomwe idalowa muukwati ndi French Gouais Blanc, zomwe Amitundu amachitcha kuti Veyser Heinisch. Chabwino, tsopano mipesa iyi yakula mu Austria, South Australia ndi New Zealand - kumene chilimwe sichingawonongeke ndi chilala ndi kutentha kwakukulu kuti zikhale zobiriwira zoyera.

Ndi malo otani omwe ali abwino kwambiri

Vinyo wa Riesling ndi wabwino kuposa ena, amasonyeza nyengo ndi nthaka zomwe zimakhala m'madera omwe mipesa imakula. Ndipo ngakhale nyengo (mvula kapena, mosiyana, yotentha chilimwe) imasonyezedwa mu khalidwe lakumwa. Kodi malo abwino kwambiri a Riesling ndi otani? German iliyonse ikukuuzani kuti vinyo weniweni ayenera kukhala wochokera ku Johannisberg. M'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chitatu, patatha nkhondo ya zaka makumi atatu, abbot wa nyumba ya abambo a Benedictine Fulda adalima malo osungirako mipando yomwe ili ndi mipesa mazana atatu ya Riesling zosiyanasiyana. Kotero, muyezo wina unalengedwa. Onse ogonjetsa ku Rhine anali ofanana ndi Schloss Johannisberg. Mafilimu a "Riesling" amachititsa kuti kulima kulimiridwe m'chigwa cha Moselle. Mvula imakhala yotentha, choncho vinyo amayeretsedwa bwino, ndi zolemba zamaluwa. Ngakhale kum'mwera kwa Palatinate amauza Riesling za kukoma kwa uchi ndi yamapichesi. Mtsinje wa Saar umapangitsa mavinyo okongola, odabwitsa. Koma malo abwino kwambiri, monga a Burgundi anganene, Grand Cru, ndi malo ochepa ku Reingessen, otchedwa Nakenheim Rottenberg. Ma mica ofiira, kuyandikana kwa madzi ndi nyengo ya kumwera amapereka vinyo wamba kukhala kukoma kosaneneka.

Njira yopangira

Ndikofunika kwambiri ngati malo otentha. Riesling m'manja mwa winemaker waluso ali ngati phula wofewa pansi pa zala zojambula zithunzi. Kuchokera pa zosiyanasiyana, mukhoza kulenga chirichonse. Zouma, zowonjezera-vinyo wouma, mchere - zokoma zimapezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga wotsalira, nthawi yokolola. Ndipo izi ndizovuta kwa oyamba kumwa mowa. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ku Germany, kukoma kwa Riesling, kumakhala kofunika koposa. Chifukwa chake, vinyo wotchuka kwambiri wa mtundu uwu ndi Rhine Icewine (ayezi vinyo). Ndi malingaliro awa okoma, Achifalansa sagwirizana. Riesling ya Alsatian ndi yowawa kwambiri. Mawu otanthauzira Chingerezi amatsutsa zolakwika izi pamtunda. Ngati chakumwa ndi chokoma, chimatchedwa "off-drive." Mawu omveka bwino akuti "fupa-wouma" amaimira zakumwa zomwe kukoma kwake sikukumveka konse. Vinyo wouma umatchedwa "Woyendetsa galimoto".

Mlingo wa kukula kwa zipatso

M'mavuto ozizira ndi amvula a German chilimwe, nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti mbewu iyenera kukololedwa yopanda. Komanso kuchokera ku zobiriwira zipatso zimakhala zabwino Riesling. Komabe, mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya vinyo iyi imapangidwa kuchokera ku zokolola mochedwa. Pano muyenera kudziwa mawu ochepa. "Shpatleze" ndikumapeto kwake, pamene zipatsozo zakhala zitakwinya kuyambira kuzizira kwa usiku ndi kuthirira. Zitsamba - zokolola zimachotsedwa ku mphesa zosapsa. "Birenausleze" - sankhani zipatso zapamwamba ndikuzipanga kukhala zofunikira. Ndipo, potsiriza, Trockenbeerenauslese. Pankhaniyi, vinyo wa Riesling amabadwa kokha kuchokera ku mabulosi-kakulidwe, wilted zipatso. Zikuwonekeratu kuti mtengo wa mankhwalawo kuchokera ku chitsanzochi (ukupangidwa, ndithudi, mwadala) ukuwonjezeka.

Dokotala wa vinyo wokalamba

Riesling salola kuvuta. Komanso simungathe kuumirizidwa mu mbiya za oak, monga mitundu ina ya mphesa yoyera. Koma ndi bwino kuti akhoza kuphika m'mabotolo. Vinyo wachinyumba, kuphatikizapo zipatso zamitundumitundu, amapatsa mapeyala ndi apulo wobiriwira bwino. Ndili ndi zaka zambiri, zimapeza zambiri zokhudzana ndi uchi. Vinyo wa vinyo Riesling ndi wapadera. Kutchuka kwa acidity kumapangitsa kuti sogginess, yomwe imapangitsa kumwa moyenera bwino. Maluwa, mfundo za pichesi, apurikoti, maluwa oyera ndi zipatso zachilendo zimasakanizidwa ndi zida za citrus. Kuwomba kwachikulire kumakhala ndi mthunzi wapadera wa mafuta. Mwinamwake izo zikuwoneka zosasangalatsa, koma sommelier amatha kukoma kwa benzoic ya vinyo woyera ngati khalidwe labwino. "Mafuta" akuphatikizidwa mwangwiro mu kapangidwe kake. Mawu sangakhoze kufotokoza kukoma kwake koyeretsedwa.

Austria Riesling

Vinyo wa ku Germany pa dziko la Mozart adapeza mbali zake. Riesling m'dziko lino amakula m'zigwa za mitsinje ya Kamptal, Kremstal ndi Wachau, ku Lower Austria. Nthaka m'madera amenewa ndi stony, ndi zambiri gneiss, slate, granite. Mogwirizana ndi kutentha kwa mlengalenga ndi kutentha komwe kumagwira mapiri a Danube, terroir imakulolani kuti mukule vinyo wokongola. A Austrians amagwiritsanso ntchito botrytis mabakiteriya kuti ayese zipatso pa nthambi - zomwe zimatchedwa "nkhungu zabwino". Austria Riesling imasiyana ndi German ndi zolemba zake za mchere mu kukoma ndi maluwa ochuluka a zipatso zachilendo. Malo okongola kwambiri m'dzikoli ndi gawo laling'ono la Dürnsteiner Kellerberg. Kuti musankhe Austria Riesling yabwino, simukusowa kuti mukhale doko lalikulu. Sankhani botolo kumene buluzi amakoka pa chizindikiro ndipo mawu akuti "Emerald" amasonyezedwa. Vinyo wovomerezeka wochokera ku Austria ndi FX Pichler Riesling Smaragd Dursteiner Kellerberg.

Alsatian Riesling

Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu kwa vinyo wa mtundu uwu mu France ndi kuuma kwake. Malo okongola kwambiri a terracotta omwe amatha kudula ndi malo omwe ali pafupi ndi tawuni ya Ribeauville. Chabwino, "Grand Cru" ndi Rosaquer yaing'ono yomwe ili ku Junavir. Pano pangani vinyo wabwino wouma woyera - "Riesling wochokera ku munda wa mpesa wa Saint Unna" (wopangidwa ndi nyumba "Trimbach"). Kukoma kwake koyeretsedwa kumapangidwa ndi dothi la miyala yamchere ndi miyala ya miyala. Mu maluwa a Riesling otere osati zipatso zokha komanso mchere zimamveka, komanso kununkhira pang'ono. Daimondi ina yomwe ili mumphepete mwa vinyo wa Alsace ndi Grand Cru Kastelberg, pafupi ndi tauni ya Andlo. M'munda wa mpesa uja umatchulidwanso mu 1064. Tsopano ntchitoyi ili m'manja mwa Mark Craydenweiss. A French samalemekeza vinyo wophika - m'malo mwake, amawapanga kuchokera ku mitundu ina ya zipatso. Alsatian Riesling sali wouma - ndi "galimoto."

Domestic Riesling

Kalasi ya mphesayi ndi bwino kwambiri kukula ndi kampani ya Russia "Fanagoria". Riesling imathiridwa ndi timadziti m'dziko la Taman Peninsula. Nyengo pano ndi yosavuta kumayiko, ndipo chilimwe chimatentha kuposa vinyo wofunikira. Ndipo nthaka ya Kuban ili pafupi ndi chernozem, komanso yowonjezera "Riesling". Komatu opambana a Fanagoria adalima ndi kubzala mipesa yochokera ku Austria. Powasamalira bwino, apangitsa kuti zipatso zikhale ndi shuga wochuluka ngati pakufunika. Kukolola koyamba kunasonkhanitsidwa mu 2011. Ankagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga masewera a ayezi - "ayezi". Ndi chakumwa chokoma. Ndipo posachedwapa panali Riesling yatsopano yotchedwa "Reserve Reserve". Chakumwa ndi mtundu wa udzu wowala, ndi zolembera za udzu udzu, laimu ndi mpendadzuwa.

Riesling: mtengo

Choyimira ichi sichidalira kwambiri pa chizindikiro monga pa chikhumbo cha sitolo kuti mupeze phindu lalikulu. Choncho, vinyo wa ku Germany ku Germany akhoza ndalama pafupifupi ma euro. Ndipo Riesling yemweyo mumasitolo ku Moscow - pafupi mazana asanu ndi limodzi rubles. Ngati mukuyang'ana, mungapeze makina opambana. Choncho, wotchuka wotchedwa "Riesling Smaragd Durnsteiner" wochokera ku Austria adzakudyerani rubles zikwi zisanu ndi zinayi ndi theka.