Vasilisa Kozhin: yonena, ft

Mu mbiri ya Russia panali zilembo ambiri, mfundo za moyo umene ali pafupifupi osadziwika. lamulo ili ntchito osati masiku kutali epic, komanso posachedwapa kwambiri. Vasilisa Kozhin, amene mbiri chabe chitsanzo cha "mawanga woyera", limabweretsa zino laulemerero.

Folk ngwazi 1812

Kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo ya 1812 chaka anapereka dziko ambiri mayina amunamuna. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti mwazi kwa nthawi yoyamba mu nthawi yaitali kwambiri mwachindunji kupyolera m'dera la Russia. Kumatetezera osati asilikali zonse, komanso asilikali anthu. mwanjira ina, koma nkhondo ya 1812 anasiya ana awiri wotchuka dzina wamkazi. Iwo Nadezhda Durova ndi Vasilisa Kozhin, amene yonena pafupifupi osadziwika.

Pankhaniyi, woyamba wa iwo anatumikira mu apakavalo, kupanga za udabuluka kwambiri za umboni zopelekedwa. Kozhin komanso poyamba anali m'mphawi, amene, ndithudi, sanathe koma bwanji chifaniziro chake. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ku Soviet Union sadamdziwa iye yekha ndi mawu a m'munsi ting'onoting'ono Encyclopedia Great Soviet.

Umunthu Vasilisa Kozhina

Mwachidule yonena Vasilisa Kozhina lili mfundo zotsatirazi. Iye anali mbadwa ya chigawo Sychevskii m'chigawo cha Smolensk. Wamba anali starostihoy (mkazi wa Mtsogoleriyu) ndi hamlet m'dera lotchedwa Gorshkov. moyo wake Ndipotu, anazindikira wosaperewera magwero pa oyambirira moyo wamtendere. Ngakhale sadayidziwa chimodzimodzi pamene yomweyo anabadwa wowerengeka heroine Kozhin (pafupifupi 1780 m).

m'chigawo Smolensk anali pa njira ya Napoleon, amene anali kuyenda mu Moscow. Asilikali French anatentha m'midzi yambiri. Ankayendera anapsa mfundo lapansi. Kumbuyo mizere kunali midzi ambiri. Anthu a m'dera lino makamaka mupite ku zigaŵenga zankhondo za kulimbana ndi aggressors. Iwo anali m'gulu la anthu ongodzipereka ndipo Vasilisa Kozhin. Wambiri starostihi lili mipata yambiri, koma zokhudza udindo wake yogwira m'gulu la asilikali kumeneko akugwiritsabe kumeneko.

Olimbanawo gulu Kozhina

Kozhina detachment inkakhala makamaka amayi ndi achinyamata. Amuna okhala m'mudzi, pamaso pa anapita kupita kunkhondo. Pambuyo French wotanganidwa zigawo kumadzulo boma lakale kumeneko anakhala untenable. Panalibe mmodzi bungwe zigawenga. Anthu akuchita izo sakuvomeredwa, ndipo ambiri - okhala m'midzi ndi m'midzi ing'onoing'ono. Iye anali mmodzi wa atsogoleri ndi Vasilisa Kozhin. Wambiri wamba pamaso kanthu chidwi mosiyana. Komabe, mwa chirengedwe starostiha iye anali munthu wochangamuka ndiponso wamakani. makhalidwe amenewa anamuthandiza kusonkhanitsa anthu.

Komabe, monga kuti tipezenso mphamvu kwa zigawenga gulu sikunali kokwanira. Anthu anafunika chida. Kawirikawiri Malovu anachita mwa muyezo wake monga, nkhwangwa, pitchforks - zida mwachizolowezi zida zaulimi. The yogwira gawo Kozhina kumuwombera kanthu anayamba ndi mthunzi French ku Moscow.

Napoleon "chinagonjetsa" ku likulu la dziko ndi mosadziwa anapereka kanthu njira m'manja mwa Russian. Posachedwapa, "Great Army" anapita mopupuluma ulendo kunyumba. ndimabwerera anali kudutsa m'chigawo unawononge- Smolensk, omwe ali mbadwa Vasilisa Kozhin. Wambiri, ana, ubale akale - zinthu zonsezi moyo wamtendere anataya tanthauzo lake. Tsopano mkaziyo anakhala ankhanza ndi opanda chifundo.

Msampha kwa French

The French mu mthunzi anataya mwambo wake wotchuka. asilikali anayamba amadwala matenda, njala ndi ozizira. Russia ndi yozizira nyengo walondolera alendo amene anawoloka malire a ufumuwo m'chilimwe makhothi woonda. Komanso, asilikali anali kubwerera m'misewu iwowo juga miyezi pang'ono.

asilikali French zambiri akuvutika ndi njala, wosiyana ndi asilikali waukulu ndipo anatumizidwa m'madera akutali kupeza chakudya. Iwo anali kuyembekeza kupeza mu minda anasiya osachepera chakudya. M'malomwake, interventionists m'midzi anadikira kulukana gulu la partisans. Mmodzi mwa gulu lalikulu ngati anatsogolera Vasilisa Kozhin. Wambiri, anthu chikumbukiro heroin - onse a mafunso amenewa, akatswiri anayamba kuphunzira patapita nthawi yaitali. Pa nthawi yomweyo za izo, nkomwe aliyense anadziwa.

Kumwa wamba zigawenga kayendedwe

mofulumira kwambiri asilikali French omwazika mphekesera ya mtsogoleri wa unit zigawenga, nkhanza cholimbana ndi Aisiraeli. Ndicho chifukwa mozungulira umunthu Kozhina nthano zambiri ndi mfundo ochepa. Pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, palibe amene amatengedwa ndi deta systematized pa wamba kayendedwe kuti kulimbikira French. Pamene olemba mbiri ya mibadwo ya m'tsogolo ankadziwa, izo zinali mochedwa.

Mwina mfundo imeneyi anafotokoza parsimony loti Kozhina analankhula mabuku Soviet. Pakuti Soviet Union amakumana ake Wamkulu kukonda dziko lako nkhondo Leka anamanganso wowerengeka pakati pa anthu wamba ku dziko izo analandidwa.

Mu Russia pa chiyambi cha XIX atumwi ulamuliro serfdom. Iwo wakhazikitsidwa pa chuma ndi nzeru za apamwamba, ndi mipira ake ndi soirees. Kwa amphawi ndi ankapatsidwa monga nzika wachiwiri kalasi, kotero palibe amene sichinachitikepo pofuna kutsindika anamanganso a m'mudzimo wamba. Nkhondo itatha, alimba mtima nkhondo zigaŵenga zankhondo anabwerera ku zigawo lolemera ndipo anapitiriza kapolo ntchito yawo.

Kubwezera mwamuna

Fano onse otchuka nkhondo ya 1812 maina wotchuka Vasilisa Kozhin. Wambiri, banja ndi mfundo zina za moyo wake pafupifupi osadziwika. Akatswiri zafotokozedwa zaka mkazi mu imeneyi kuyambira azaka 30 mpaka 40. Vasilisa ndi mwamuna amene ankagwira ntchito Pilato wa Pamudzi akumidzi. Pamene alowererepo French, anaphedwa.

Zikuoneka kuti chifukwa cha maganizo kubwezera Kozhin ali anayamba njira ya nkhondo osatekeseka ndi alendo sanatiitane. Izo zinachitika pamene France anabwerera kwawo. Mu miyezi ya nkhondo wamba kukana kuti iwo anali chabe ndithu. The linga makamaka zobisika mu nkhalango ndi kutentha minda yawo kotero kuti iwo alibe kwa mdani.

kukana yogwira

The French ndi anzawo poyamba komanso sunachitepo ndi osauka. Iwo okha anatengedwa chakudya kapena chakudya mahatchi. Komabe, pamene Napoleon anayamba kuvutika kulephera, m'mlengalenga Asilikali ake chimaonekadi mantha. Anyankhondo aipirwa, thangwi nkhondo otayika, anachitazi wonyansa nyengo ndi gulu osauka a msonkhano. Zandichitikira ukali wawo pa osawuka amene anagwa m'manja otentha.

udani nonse anakula, ndi kuti kukula kwa magulu zigawenga, mmodzi amene anali wotsogozedwa ndi Vasilisa Kozhin. Wambiri kinovoploscheniya masewero ano ndi zina zambiri mfundo zosangalatsa zokhudza starostihoy, tsopano chidwi kuti anthu ambiri a m'dzikoli wathu. Komabe, mu 1812 iyo inali chabe Russian mkazi yosavuta. Ngakhale nkhondo itatha, pa moyo wake, silinali zodziwika bwino monga izo ziriri tsopano. Ndi nthawi Kozhina la anthu heroine khalidwe ndi folklore.

Nkhani mu "Mwana wa Dziko Lathu"

Choyamba Kozhin okha bungwe misewu. Pamene gulu lankhondo Russian n'kuyamba chakumadzulo, Vasilisa tinagwirizananso likulu. Iye anayamba kutenga akaidi French, ndi kuwatumiza kwa asilikali zonse.

Wambiri Vasilisa Kozhina anali woyamba poyera atchulidwe nkhani yaing'ono kwa magazini "Mwana wa Dziko Lathu" mu 1812 chomwecho. Zofunika amatchedwa "Starostiha". Ndi mtima ichi tikuona m'maganizo otchuka. Yakhala n'chimodzimodzi ndi fano Kozhina.

M'nkhani ino ife azipereka nkhani zokhudzana ndi yaing'ono French detachment analanda zigaŵenga zankhondo. Alendo anasonkhana kutsogolera ku tawuni yoyandikana nayo, kusamutsa asilikali Russian. The kuperekezedwa chachikulu chinali Kozhin. Mmodzi wa Afalansa anali okwiya kuti mkazi, ndipo ngakhale mlimi amayesetsa kuti awatsogolere. Iye anakana kumvera malamulo starostihi. Ndiye Kozhin kugunda osamvera oblique mutu, ndipo iye anagwa akufa pa mapazi ake.

Awiri mapiko a gulu la zigaŵenga

Lero, ndi chithunzi ndi mbiri Vasilisa Kozhina uliwonse mbiri Russian buku wodzipereka kwa XIX atumwi. Iye anali mtsogoleri wa gulu wamba zigawenga, ndipo zimenezi ngakhale kuti pa nthawiyo panali wina "chipembedzo" khamu la partisans, amene anali wotsogozedwa ndi chimodzimodzi wotchuka Denis Davydov.

Kubverana awa formations awiri osiyana zinali zovuta kwambiri. mayunitsi Cossack ndi asilikali zonse zambiri anadwala alimi chimodzimodzi. M'mudzimo akhoza molakwika ŵanyake kwa French ndi kukalimbana nawo ku abisalire msewu. chifukwa kuti anali sewn mu kalembedwe European zovala usilikali. Mtsogoleri wa partisans ndi Cossacks Denis Davydov anakana yunifolomu wake. Iye anali kukhala ndi zovala wamba wamba ndi kusunga ndevu, kotero izo zinali zosavuta kupeza chinenero m'mudzimo.

Mphotho Kozhina ndi kukumbukira

Nkhondo itatha, atsogoleri a gulu la zigaŵenga analandira mphoto boma. A ntchito yapadera ndiye chidwi yonena Vasilisa Kozhina. Personal moyo ndi mfundo zambiri za mbiri ake anali pafupifupi osadziwika. Komabe akuluakulu aona starostihu ndipo anam'patsa Mendulo ndi phindu ndalama.

Chotero wagawo mphoto sangasangalale alimi. Kumapeto kwa nkhondo pakati pawo anakhala mbiri yotchuka Tsar Alexander I posachedwa kupasula serfdom. Kuti amasule yaitali kungoti anali kumaliza kugonjetsedwa kwa Napoleon. Komabe serfdom inatenga zaka 50. Mu unyamata wake, Alexander Pavlovich anali owolowa manja. Iye ankafuna kuchita kusintha, koma anaopa anthu otchuka kukaniza.

Vasilisa Kozhin komanso mkubwela mtendere wabwerera ku chigawo kwawo. Iye anamwalira mu 1840 ali ndi zaka 60 zakubadwa. M'zaka za m'ma XIX wakhala phunziro zipsera angapo otchuka zatchuka zojambulajambula. Today Kozhina dzina m'mizinda ya siteshoni za sitima.