Udmurtia: likulu la Republic ndi mbiri yake

Ku Russia zikuphatikizapo limati zoposa makumi awiri. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi a Udmurtia. Likulu la nkhani feduro - Izhevsk.

mfundo zofunika

Mu Izhevsk, kunyumba kwa mozungulira 640.000 anthu. Mzinda uwu makumi awiri waukulu mu dziko. Iye amadziwika makampani wake chitetezo ndi zida. Zambiri ntchito imeneyi anaonekera mu mzinda pa Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Izhevsk ndi likulu zosavomerezeka la zida Russian. zithandiza akhoza anatsutsa okha Tula.

nkhani

mzinda anakhazikitsidwa mu 1760 pa magombe a mtsinje Izh, chifukwa chimene nalo dzina lake. M'zaka za m'ma XVIII panali kokha chomera yekha kupanga chitsulo. Zitsulo anapeza m'dera pakati pa zaka Kama patsogolo. Ichi chinali chi pamene atsamunda Russian mwachangu padziko la Ural, omwe anakhala Stone lamba wa dziko. Makampani anayamba pansi Peter Ine, zinali iye akubera onse amene anali mkati mwa chuma cha boma pa chitukuko ndi kukonzanso wa asilikali chakale.

ana ake anapitiriza lamuloli kupereka mwayi kwa industrialists amene amadzinenera kutsegula mafakitale kuchigawo chimenechi. Ena mwa iwo analemera ndi otchuka magnates, monga Demidov. Ural madipoziti pa nthawi ndimachita anapeza miyala kumene tsopano pali ano Udmurtia. Likulu la Republic Izhevsk anayamba ngati mphero yaing'ono zitsulo.

Poyamba zitsulo opangidwa mu malo awa, anapita Tula, kumene kuchokera anachitira mfuti mfuti, etc. Nthawi zambiri anali State akumeneko, osati kuwataya industrialists palokha ndipo akuluakulu a boma. Mu 1774, mbewu Izhevsk kugwidwa asilikali Emelyana Pugacheva. Opandukawo anaphedwa atsogoleri a kumalo a ntchito. Pugacheva imayendetsedwa ndi Udmurtia - anthu zakwawoko ya mayiko amenewa. Funso dziko mu chigawo ichi sanayese n'komwe kwa zaka zambiri. Dziko Udmurt anali m'gawo la m'chigawo Vyatka.

Kufika kwa ulamuliro wa Soviet

Pambuyo ulimi wa 1917 ndi chigonjetso mu nkhondo yapachiweniweni, ndi Bolsheviks ananyamula mapangidwe mayiko. formations awa anali mbali ya RSFSR lapansi. Choyamba, dera anali dera yoyenda yokha Votskaya. likulu lake linali diso mtsogolo - Izhevsk. Mu 1934, Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic unakhazikitsidwa. Posachedwa anatenga Constitution la dziko la nkhaniyi.

Pa nthawi yomweyo Imathandiza Izhevsk, kenako n'kukhala likulu la Republic. Mu 1935, mu mzinda kunali trams choyamba. Iwo anathetsa electrification a nyumba. Choncho kusanduka kwa Republic of Udmurtia. Likulu kuti sanali kwanthawi kumbuyo mizinda ina Soviet.

Pankhondo

Pa Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, utsogoleri dziko anali mwachangu kuphimba zomera zimene zili m'madera azikhala kumadzulo. Zida ndi makampani nthawi zambiri kusamutsidwa kwa zigawo mu kumbuyo, malo amodzi ngati ndipo anali Udmurtia. Likulu la Republic anatenga 40 zomera latsopano, ambiri amene anatsalira kuno mu yamtendere. Kusankha Izhevsk anaonekera imodzi. Mzinda uwu wakhala mbiri wamkulu pa malo a mbewu, chinkhoswe yopanga zitsulo ndi zitsulo.

East makamaka anasamutsidwa mabizinesi zimene zingathandize dziko polimbana ndi Wehrmacht. Awa anali zida ndi zomera galimoto amene ankamangidwanso pansi ulimi wa akasinja ndi zina magalimoto oti muli nazo zida.

nkhondo itatha,

Pa nkhondo Izhevsk anapangidwa mayunitsi oposa 12 miliyoni a zida zosiyanasiyana. Akatswiri ambiri, anasamutsidwa mzinda, tinakhala pano ndipo anayamba banja. Mu 1948, chiyambi cha mafakitale kuŵeta wa Kalashnikov kumenya mfuti. chitsanzo wake wa AK 47 wakhala chilengedwe chida - wotchuka kwambiri padziko lonse mu theka lachiwiri la XX atumwi.

Mu mzinda kukhala mafakitale ena. Mu 1966 anapita magalimoto woyamba Izhevsk. Awo kuŵeta anayamba Patapita zaka zingapo. Mu 1984, Izhevsk anadzatchedwa Ustinov, pambuyo wotchedwa Dmitry Ustinov. Zinali polimbana ndi nduna ya silikhali, amene nkhondo kenako wachita zambiri pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti makampani latsopano anaonekera mu mzinda. Komabe, boma anaganiza Sinthani dzina mzinda sanali wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa nzika. Mu zaka za perestroika anayamba kukopa anthu kubwerera maina mbiri. Motero, mu 1987 dzina wakale anabwerera kumzinda wa Izhevsk.

Latsopano la Russia

Modern Udmurt Republic, amene likulu akupitiriza kusintha, ziikidwe Volga Federal District. Izhevsk lagawidwa zigawo zisanu utsogoleri. Mzindawu uli mayunivesite angapo, kutulutsa zambiri akatswiri, chifukwa omwe si koyenera kuika Udmurtia. Likulu la Republic anatchuka chifukwa zikondwerero zake mzinda kumene anthu timudziwe bwino chikhalidwe cha anthu zamakolo.

makampani Modern Izhevsk ndi kotala ya yopanga magalimoto ndi zipangizo iwo. mzinda amagwira liaises ndi malo dera, kuphatikizapo Glazov. Izi womwe kale unali likulu la Republic Udmurt (mu 1921), pamene dera anali Votskoy m'deralo. China chofunika dera pakati Sarapul alinso kupanga yake, zomwe ikukwaniritsa zosowa m'deralo.

Pakuti Russian Federation dera lino zofunika monga Republic of Udmurtia. Likulu ndi malo dera kukhala womvera, ziribe kanthu chimene mavuto. Izi zachitika kuyamika inflows likulu. ndalama zina zopezeka mu Izhevsk. Likulu la Republic Udmurt ndi kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi tolyattinskim Vaz ndi mabizinezi ena a dziko, amene Muolowetsa maudindo awo mu mzinda.