Tsintho - ndi zamakono kwambiri

Tsintho - ndi imodzi mwa njira amakezana a magalimoto pakati pa mafuko osiyanasiyana poyamba, ndiyeno mabungwe onse. Mtundu wa malonda ndi zofanana kuwombola chilengedwe cha katundu popanda kuwerengetsera ndalama. Tsintho ndikupeleka, monga kuyenera zina countertrade, si zikukhudza surcharge ndalama chifukwa chochita ndikupeleka.

Kutsutsa malonda mulinso kauntala kugula, tolling (ntchito tolling) akulipira ndi chiwombolo ndikupeleka zida ntchito. Mosiyana ndi zina tsintho - akuti, koma kwathunthu ndalama wopanda kufotokoza katundu. The pazikhala kufanana kwa wotuluka izi pamaziko a mitengo dziko, amene anatuluka mu gawo mu funso pa nthawi.

The mgwirizano wa tsintho - izo kwenikweni pawiri mgwirizanowo malonda ndi mawu ofanana ndi zinthu zokhudza chilango, ndipo zinthu inshuwalansi, mphamvu majeure etc. Kale mu oyamba a panganolo kwambiri kumasiyana ndi mgwirizano mwachizolowezi malonda, chifukwa maphwando sangakhoze amatanthauziridwa kuti "wogula" ndi "Wogulitsa", ndipo nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "wogula 1" ndi "wogula 2" kapena "Party 1" ndi "Party 2". Amanena kuti kukhazikitsa pangano amagwiritsidwa kuwapatsa yekha amapereka zina za malonda. Choncho, ngati mmodzi wa ogulitsa kutumiza mochedwa katundu wake mogwirizana ndi pangano, iwo kulipira kumawononga pa dzanja ena mawu chofunika. Popeza mankhwala pa msika dziko zimasiyanasiyana ndi zofunikira, wosaperewera ndi mtengo, ndiye chiŵerengero ayenera poyamba mosamala masamu ndi zolembedwa mu mgwirizano.

Tsintho - mtundu uwu wa malonda, omwe ndi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zinthu zotsatirazi zinthu zamakono:

1) kusowa koyenera kuti ndikupeleka chuma kuwombola yachilendo ya zipani;

2) osiyanasiyana zochepa ndi osiyanasiyana mankhwala pa msika.

Tsintho angathetse mavuto amenewa kampani ndi kuwalola kulowa msika lonse, imene onse ali ndi ubwino profitability ake. Komabe, ntchito tsintho ndi kulumikizana angapo mavuto amene kungasokoneze pa mmene chuma chikuyendera m'dzikolo. Mu nkhani imeneyi, hayala WTO, wotuluka tsintho amene salolera midzi zina chuma pakati pa wogulitsa ndi wogula akuletsedwa.

Tsintho - ndi mtundu wa ntchito, ntchito imbaenda mavuto. Zikuphatikizapo understating miyambo mtengo wa katundu, zikubweretsa mavuto marekodi awo miyambo pa mphambano ya malire mfumu ya boma. Izi kupotoza ziwerengero za malonda akunja, choncho zosemphana ndi mfundo za malonda momasuka ndi kupewa liberalization ubale malonda. Koma zina countertrade kwathunthu ovomerezeka ntchito pa hayala WTO. Mwachitsanzo, popanda malipiro mabungwe lotha mankhwala galimoto mu malo ano mpikisano chabe sibwenzi anapulumuka. Komanso, ogula ano, makamaka mu West, ndi wofunitsitsa kuti tiziganizira awo chilengedwe, monga makampani kuti mupindule izi.