The wotchi pa Old Town Square mu Prague: photos, maonekedwe, mbiri

The wotchi pa Old Town Square mu Prague, ndi Prague Orloj - zakuthambo koloko wokwera pa khoma kum'mwera kwa Old Town Hall, ndi otchuka ndi dziko wotchuka chosaiwalika cha Prague.

Mbiri ya zomangamanga ndi patsogolo

Clock ku Prague pa Old Town Square, mbiri ya zimene ziri zaka zoposa 600, anali woyamba kutchulidwa m'masiku a 1402, koma kale mu 1410 iwo m'malo ndi latsopano makina astrolabe anapanga kadanskim mbuye Mikulas. Adasanduka pa kusodza zakuthambo J. Schindele.

Mu 1490, yokonza ulonda asintha: kutsiriza kalendala oyimba ndi kuika pa wapakamwa wa chithunzi Gothic. Ntchito imachitika mbuye Hanus.

Mu zaka za kubwezeretsa ikuchitika nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha osadziwa kutumikira abusa omwe chimes nthawi zina okha.

Mu 1552 kubwezeretsedwa kwa gululi anachita mbuye Ya Tabori.

The patsogolo izi zapangidwa mu XVII atumwi, pamene unachoka limagwirira naomba nthawi zonse, ena kanjedza, komanso zizindikiro mwezi gawo.

History Kubwezeretsa mawotchi

Mu 1778, ku Prague akuluakulu anaganiza dismantle limagwirira kwa zidutswa chifukwa chosowa ndalama kwa kukonza ake. chimes Mpulumutsi anakhala mawotchi m'dera J. Landesberger, umene 1791 anakongoletsa iwo kwaulere, kusunga kukopa kalekale m'mibadwo yanu. Komabe, astrolabe chifukwa chisamaliro osauka wakhala zoipa pake, ndipo tikonze sakanakhoza. limagwirira The anawonjezera zithunzi za Atumwi.

Mu pakati pa chimes XIX m'ma kachiwiri mungakonde kuwerenga. apulumutsi motsatizana akhala watchmakers L. Heinz, C. ndi R. Bozhek Danek, omwe ankakhulupirira kulera ndalama ya kukhazikitsanso maola. Pa kubwezeretsa P. Bozhek chopangidwa chronometer, amene tsopano akulamulira limagwirira (wotchi kumbuyo mphindi 0.5 okha pa sabata, umene ndi zotsatira zabwino). Kuyambira pamenepo, monga tsopano, kukonza wa limagwirira wotchi ndi olimba "Heinz".

Mu 1945, Prague zakuthambo Clock zinawonongeka kwambiri ndi Anazi pa bombardment wa gawo ili la odana ndege mfuti Prague. Ziwalo zonse matabwa unatenthedwa, anali lowonongeka oyimba.

Only mu 1948 wotchi wabwezeretsedwa ndi Orloj anayamba kugwira ntchito monga kale. Chiwerengerochi onse matabwa zinapangidwa kuti adzathe wogoba V. Sucharda ndi mipukutu yoyambirira yeniyeni kuti pang'ono anapulumuka pa nkhondoyo, tsopano anasonyeza mu Prague Museum.

Popeza wotchi ya Prague pa Old Town Square (onani chithunzi m'munsimu) wakhala wotchuka chosaiwalika cha Prague. Mfiti anatha achire pafupifupi 75% la mbali yoyambirira ya gululi.

Clock ku Prague pa Old Town Square: Kufotokozera

Zakuthambo koloko lapangidwa ndi ziwalo zambiri, anthu waukulu kukhala:

• mawilo zakuthambo, amene amasankha malo a dzuwa ndi mwezi kumwamba, kusonyeza ena mfundo ya zakuthambo ndi m'nyenyezi mphete;
• "Njira ya Atumwi" - munthu limagwirira kuti ola lililonse amayendetsa kusunthira kanjedza makina a Atumwi ndi zilembo;
• imbani ndi medallions, omwe amagwira ntchito kalendala kusonyeza miyezi.

Astrolabe ntchito clockwork limasonyeza nthawi machitidwe zingapo:

• Babulo, mmene muli kutalika osiyana maola pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana pa chaka;
• Old Czech (ntchito ziphiphiritso shvabaherskie);
• CET - limasonyeza mawerengero achiroma;
• sidereal nthawi (Arabic mawerengero).

Mosiyana ndi ena Prague zakuthambo Clock, wotchi yotchuka pa Old Town Square mu Prague si kumasulira mu chilimwe, kotero theka la chaka amasonyezera nthawi yolakwika (ola limodzi kumbuyo European).

Calendar oyimba ndi chokongoletsedwa ndi 12 medallions aliyense anaimira zithunzi moyo wakumudzi wa Ages Middle.

Amene amasonyeza zakuthambo koloko?

The wotchi pa Old Town Square mu Prague angatchedwe ndi planetarium yaing'ono, lomwe limasonyeza mkhalidwe wa chilengedwe chonse. Mothandizidwa ndi astrolabe makina, ngakhale inamangidwa Zapakati, mukhoza kuona malo a dzuwa ndi mwezi.

Chifaniziro cha Lapansi (buluu bwalo) ndi mbali ina ya kumwamba (kumtunda) kuimira maziko. Pa litayamba 4 imazungulira kusuntha mbali: mphete zizindikiro m'nyenyezi ndi kunja, chifaniziro cha dzuwa ndi mwezi.

Masana dzuwa chimachititsanso kudutsa maziko buluu, ndi usiku - chakuda. Mu maola mbandakucha ndipo analamula - m'dera wofiira anachokera. Kumanzere kwa kaja kwalembedwa avrora (m'bandakucha) ndi Ortus (dzuwa), pomwe - occasus (dzuwa litalowa) ndi crepusculum (analamula).

Golden Sun limayenda mozungulira bwalo zizindikiro m'nyenyezi kusonyezedwa ntchito makiyi muvi ndi manja golide-yokutidwa kwa kanthawi:

• mu ponena za mawerengero achiroma otchuka m'dera Prague nthawi;
• malo magetsi mu yokhota kumapeto mizere golide ndiyo nthawi ya Babulo;
• pa mphete lakunja dzanja limasonyeza maola zapita dzuwa litalowa pa Old Chibohemiya kakyulasi;
• Moon zoyenda chikuchitika pa ecliptic ndi liwiro lalikulu, ndi siliva dera limasonyeza gawo mwezi.

Pamwamba pa nkhope wotchi

The wotchi pa Old Town Square mu Prague, chidwi la alendo ola lililonse (ulaliki kumachitika ku 9,00 kuti 21.00).

Chapamwamba oyimba - zakuthambo, mbali yake ndi 4 kanjedza, zomwe zili mbali zonse za koloko. Chiwerengerochi chikuimira onyozeka makhalidwe anthu:

• imfa, amatikumbutsa kuti impermanence wa moyo;
• zachabechabe chithunzi chithunzi ndi galasi;
• umbombo (Ayuda ndi kachikwama);
• Turk woimira ngozi kwa zaka Habsburg wochokera Ottoman.

Chapamwamba pamwamba pa oyimba ili mawindo ndi zitseko, womwe kusuntha ziwerengero 12 a atumwi. Zoyenda Mafupa (imfa), yomwe imakoka chingwe akuyamba maonekedwe a Atumwi mu bokosi: St. Peter imatithandiza, St. Matei anaopseza ndi nkhwangwa, St. Paulo atagwira bukhu, St. Jan - Cup, St. Jakub - spindle ..... St. Simon -. macheka, St. Thomas - .. mkondo, St. Ondrej ndi FILIP unachitikira mitanda, St. Bartholomew akakufinyani manja ake chikopa, St. Barnaba chimagwirizanitsa mpukutu, ndi St. Thaddeus akugwirizira pepala pansi pa mkono wake mu foda ndi ....

Nkhope apansi koloko

Mawotchi pa Old Town Square, Prague ndi wachiwiri ndi oyimba - m'nyenyezi (ananenanso mu 1490) amenenso chokongoletsedwa mbali zonse za manambalawo: yakale, mngelo zakuthambo ndi nzeru.

Bwalo lakunja la mtundu wakuda ndi makina wozungulira zizindikiro m'nyenyezi, kuonetsa malo a dzuwa mu ecliptic lapansi. Zizindikiro zili ndipo pa dongosolo la counterclockwise. Small mfundo golide nyenyezi kwa March vernal.

Malinga ndi oyimba m'nyenyezi akhoza kudziwa m'nyenyezi chizindikiro, dzina tsiku ndi mwezi wa kubadwa. Komabe, pa Town Hall chagona buku, ndi pachiyambi (olembedwa ndi J. Manes m'zaka za m'ma XIX.) Zikuwonetsedwa pa Prague Museum of History.

Pa ulaliki wa akalumikidzidwa onse ndi atumwi 12 kusuntha. Pankhaniyi, Turkey Anagwedezekera mutu wake, ndipo amasonyeza miser chikwama. Kutha kwa ntchito lonse ndi tambala, kusonyeza chiyambi cha ola latsopano.

Nthano za Orloe

Imodzi mwa nthano nawo masiku pamene wotchi pa Old Town Square (Prague, Czech Republic) akadali tikukonza. Master Hanus, who added to ndi chimes calendar dial, so hit authorities mzinda with ndi skill ndi beauty la work umenewo, komitiyi inaganiza iwo kumana la view to continue he nowhere nobody ndi could build clock similar. Pokwiya ndi Master anaganiza kuti adziphe ndi kulumpha kuchokera kumwamba mu limagwirira a wotchi, ndiye chimes anaima zaka zingapo chifukwa cha kuvulala. History Komabe, refutes nthano, Master Hanus (dzina lake lenileni Jan Rouge) ndithu kusinthidwa ulonda kayendedwe, ndi onse - zopeka.

Nthano lina limanena kuti pamene mwasiya koloko ayenera kuchitika masoka achilengedwe. amasiya Izi zinachitika pa ntchito ya Czech Republic ndi Anazi, umene unakwaniritsidwa bwino pa Old Town Square mu chiwonongeko cha asilikali Soviet a magulu otsiriza German ku Prague May 8, 1945

Mmodzi wa imasiya lotsiriza la koloko chinachitika mu 2001, kenako zinachitikira osefukira yaikulu, inundating likulu Czech (August 2002).

Prague Orloj: ndemanga zidindo

Chime pa Starometstkoy Square - mmodzi wa zokopa waukulu wa Prague, zomwe zimakopa alendo masauzande ambiri amapita amene amabwera mu chayamba ola lililonse kuyang'ana pa ntchito ndi zithunzi ikuyenda.

Usiku palibe zithunzi kulibeko, ya wotchi ndi ndodo zikugwira kubwezeretsedwa ndi kukonzanso a asilikali ndi kanjedza mu nsanja. Ulonda amafuna chisamaliro tsiku (zimagwirira ntchito kondomu ndi ena.), Ndipo penyani chimene anthu awa.

Alendo ambiri amene amabwera amasirira wotchi pa Old Town Square mu Prague, maganizo anu chimaoneka ndi chisangalalo ndi changu. Orla ili mu mzinda wa Prague pa malo imene ikuchitikira ku Khirisimasi ndiponso ena holide, fairs ikuchitikira. Apa pali malo odyera ambiri ndi malo omwera ndi mikate zokoma ndi m'deralo chakudya.

Pomaliza

Mu 2010, Prague Orloj amakondwerera chikumbutso chake 600. Mu mzinda panali zochitika chikondwerero anadzipereka ku mwambo umenewu. kwa zaka mazana angapo zapitazi, wotchuka zakuthambo Clock ku Prague amakopa alendo ambiri, ndipo kukhala wotchuka kwambiri kuposa zaka.

Makamaka zabwino ndi malo Chaka Chatsopano maholide: pakati pa lalikulu amayikidwa mu mtengo mzinda waukulu kwambiri Khirisimasi ndi mozungulira bwanji chikondwerero, umene wazunguliridwa ndi spiers akale ndi nyumba amatikumbutsa ndi fairytale ndi phindu ed.