The ndege - Zimphona la Soviet Union. Oyendetsa - katatu Zimphona la Soviet Union

Anyamata ambiri pakutha pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse kudzakhala ndege. Palibe ankaganiza kwambiri, nkobvuta kuuluka mu mlengalenga. Ana ankaganiza kuti oyendetsa - Zimphona Soviet Union - chikondi ameneyo chimwene kwa ndege.

Monga ndege yoyamba Zimphona ali mutu wawo?

Kwa nthawi yoyamba mutu wa Hero wa Soviet Union kupereka mu 1934, ngakhale chikhazikitsireni maziko a boma la Soviet mpaka 1939 panalibe nkhondo, utumwi mwachitsanzo nkhondowo ndege ya sanatsatire. Onani kuti oyendetsa anali Zimphona loyamba la Soviet Union. maina awa sali odziwika bwino monga ena mwa maina a ndege ya WWII nthawi. Tiyeni mukukumbukira awa oyendetsa choyamba - Zimphona la Soviet Union.

Monga amadziwika, mu 1934 zapita ntchito toera kupulumusa ndi Chelyuskin. kupulumutsa anthu sikunali kotheka popanda nawo ndegeyo. Komabe, zipangizo nthawi limene linali bwino akupangidwa ndi zinthu zabwino zimene afunkha ntchito zopezera zikomo yekha Luso ungwazi la ndege la.

The Zimphona woyamba wa mayina

Nikolai Kamanin Gold Star ya Hero wa nambala 1 anali pa msinkhu wa zaka 25. Iye anapanga 9 flights pa Arctic, amapulumutsidwa pamene anthu 34 (pa olowa Chombo "Chelyuskin" adalira inkakhala anthu 104). chithunzi anaika pansipa, zikusonyeza Kamanin kumanzere.

Kuvuta ya utumiki kupulumutsa amalinyero anali m'dzikoli kunali nthawi kuti sikunapite mokwanira kuphunzira. Komanso, ndege sanali ndi mtima wonse kudalirika kwa injini, chifukwa Pa ulendo wautali ali pafupifupi chiyani kuuluka.

Michael Vodopianov maulendo atatu kovuta kunyamuka, imene akhoza kupulumutsa anthu oposa 10. Wapadera uwu nawo woyendetsa mu kupulumutsidwa ntchito ndi miyezi ingapo asanakwanitse anavulala ndi woyesedwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Akuluakulu sanafune kuvomereza opaleshoni, koma iye ananena.

Komanso, ndege izi ankagwira ntchito imeneyi - Zimphona la Soviet Union, Ivan Doronin, Sigismund Levanevsky Basil mkaka, Mauritius Slepnyov. Aliyense woyendetsa wapanga chopereka zikuluzikulu chifukwa cha kupulumutsa anthu ku Ocean Arctic.

Nkhondo ndi oyendetsa kwambiri

Kusanthula malamulo pa conferring mutu wa Hero wa World nkhondo II chi Union a Soviet, tikupeza azimuth chidwi: oposa 50% anasankha amuna lodziwika bwino kuteteza dziko lathu kwa adani - ndi woyendetsa ndege. Kumene, nkhondo pa nthaka ovuta, koma agalu pansi ovuta kwambiri. Mlingo wa kulimba mtima, kupirira oyendetsa Soviet chabe chodabwitsa. Oyendetsa ya nkhondo yachiwiri - Zimphona Soviet Union anapanga zopereka zikuluzikulu chigonjetso Soviet pa Nazi Germany.

M'chigawo chino, ndi ponena za Alekseya Mareseva ndi Peter Shemendyuk ofunika. atchulidwa, ngakhale ndi kuvulala katundu thupi anapitiriza kutumikira ndege.

Mwachitsanzo, Maresiev - ndi ntchito odziwika bwino za ngwazi Boris Polevoy "Mbiri ya Mwamuna Weniweni".

ndege yake anawomberedwa pansi pa gawo, yomwe ukulamulidwa nthawi ndi Germany. Eject woyendetsa sadathe. Iye anagwa pansi pamodzi ndi makina. Izo zinachitika kuti pa nthawi mmene pansi izo n'kuthamangitsidwa zashuga ndi. Kwa masiku 18 kukwawa ngwazi kufika mzere kutsogolo. ana Soviet anapezeka m'chigawo Novgorod. Pambuyo pake, nthawi zina woyesedwa m'mudzi Novgorod. Pambuyo mankhwala yaitali ndi amputation wa miyendo onse anali okhoza kubwerera ku ntchito ndi anachita ndili kutali ndi kuphana ntchito.

Womenya oyendetsa - Zimphona la Soviet Union, nthawi zambiri pambuyo kuvulala anabwerera kutsogolo. Malinga ndi kutsimikiziridwa, koma pang'ono odziwika nkhani 20 oyendetsa Soviet nkhondo Nazi ndi miyendo yonse, mikono kapena kuvulala ena aakulu nthambi.

Dziwani kuti sizinali woyamba nkhondowo zinachitikira anthu ambiri World nkhondo II ndege. Aliyense akudziwa kuti ambiri a asilikali Soviet nawo ankhondo mu Spain (a Civil nkhondo). Mwachitsanzo, mmodzi wa oyendetsa za aces 1930s ankaona SERGEY Gritsevets. Chibelarusi ndi dziko, anabadwa mu 1909 mu chigawo Grodno. ndegeyo anafika Komsomol mu 1931. Mbiri ya woyendetsa malinga ndi mfundo nduna 40 downed ndege.

Kukula kwa Soviet ndege zankhondo

The ndege - Zimphona Soviet Union anadzionetsa pa WWII. Ngakhale poyamba mlingo luso ndege German zida aakulu ndi khalidwe la ndege Soviet, koma luso mlingo wa "ofiira" wa oyendetsa kale chakachi nkhondo anayamba kuposa kulipidwa zolakwa zonse zida.

Kupititsa patsogolo maphunziro ya Soviet ndege asilikali zinachitika panthawi ya nkhondo. Mfundo ndi yakuti mu masiku oyambirira a nkhondoyo, ambiri la ndegeyo Soviet zinawonongedwa pansi pa bomba Nazi. Malinga ndi akatswiri ambiri, ndi bwino. Ngati ndege matabwa m'gulu la nkhondo ndi "Junkers" kapena womenya wina, ndiye kuti analibe mwayi kupambana dogfight a. Chotero mtima Nazi anapulumutsa miyoyo ya oyendetsa ambiri Soviet.

Pa nkhondo, monga kuwerengetsera pafupifupi, ndi aces ya Soviet Air Force anawomberedwa pansi pa 4,000 ndege bwino German. Mavoti Soviet aces kwenikweni anatsimikiza ndi nambala ya downed "Junkers". Tiyeni tikambirane za aliyense wa pamwamba payokha.

Ivan Kozhedub - ndi nthano ya ndege Soviet

Lodziwika bwino Ivan Kozhedub anabadwa mu 1920 ku dera la Shostka District lamakono Sumy dera la Ukraine. Nditamaliza sukulu mu 1934 ndinalembetsa College of Chemical Technology. ndege ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali anali osaposa chizolowezi. Njira Kozhedub mu ndege anayamba ndi usilikali mu 1940. Kutsogolo izo zinali mu mochedwa 1942, pambuyo ntchito mu sukulu ndege instrukturom. Mwa njira, nkhondo yoyamba mu mlengalenga kwa woyendetsa lodziwika bwino mwina onse otsiriza, chifukwa ndege yake kunagwa choyamba Germany ndiyeno "". Kuyeza kumeneku Kozhedub anapulumuka ndipo anatha kuika galimoto. Mu chithunzi, anapereka m'munsimu, imasonyezedwa kumanja.

Chotero oyendetsa - katatu Hero wa Soviet Union, Ivan Kozhedub kukhala akatswiri m'dera mwamsanga. Iwo safuna zambiri nthawi yokonzekera. Choncho, pamene Kozhedub kuuluka pambuyo ngozi. nthawi Sidereal woyendetsa yafika pa Nkhondo ya Kursk. Mu sorties ochepa chabe July 1943, anatha kuponyera pansi 4 "Junkers". Isanafike chiyambi cha 1944 ndi umboni wa ngwazi, panali kupambana dazeni angapo. Mpaka kumapeto kwa nkhondo, anatha kuponyera pansi 18 ndege ya mtundu uwu.

Umuna Vorozheikin zina kawiri Zimphona la Soviet Union

Chotsatira ichi si kuposa mwa palibe, ndipo anatha kubwereza Vorozheikin Arseny Aleksandrovich yekha. Woyendetsa wakhala kawiri ulemu ndi Star ya Hero. The chifukwa chachikulu nkhondowo Vorozheykina - ndi 46 anawomberedwa pansi ndege mdani. Kuwonjezera iye, oyendetsa - kawiri Hero wa Soviet Union - ndi:

• Alekseenko Vladimir Avramovic;
• Aleksey Alelyukhin Aleksey Vasilevich;
• Amet-Khan Sultan;
• Andrianov Vasily;
• Begeldinov Talgat Yakubekovich;
• Leonid Ignatievich vuto;
• Coast George T. ;
• Gulaev Nikolay Dmitrievich;
• SERGEY Prokofevich Denisov.

Zimphona Soviet Union - pa ndege mayeso

Ntchito bwino zipangizo zamakono ndege ayenera mayeso ndege. Pakuti ichi ndi oyendetsa mayeso ntchito. Nthawi zambiri iwo kuika miyoyo yawo, chifukwa lachitsanzo mayeso a ndege imene palibe amene mofulumira. Ambiri akhala kupereka Nyenyezi ya Hero wa USSR. The kwambiri mayeso woyendetsa aeronautical zomangamanga nyengo Soviet amati Valery Chkalov.

Oyeretsa kutsogoleredwa ndi Chkalov anapanga 2 Mbiri kwa nthawi, airfare (ku Moscow ku Vancouver kudzera Pole North ndi Moscow ku Far East). kutalika kwa wopita ku Vancouver anali 8504 Km.

Mwa zina Soviet mayeso oyendetsa tisaiwale Stepan Mikoyan Vladimir Averyanov, Mikhail Gromov, Ivana Dzyubu, Nikolai Zamyatin ndi Mikhail Ivanov. Ambiri mwa oyendetsa izi maphunziro woyamba sanali luso, koma ndege lonse osankhika gawo mbali imodzi: iwo yapangidwa ndi maphunziro ongolankhula pa nthawi Air Club dongosolo. mtundu wotero ophunzira sukulu anatilola kuti tiphunzirepo ongolankhula ndi othandiza pa mlingo mkulu.

Soviet pansi kuukira ndege ya WWII

Kuukira ndege ndege, Zimphona la Soviet Union, zaka nkhondo, kunyadira za malo pa mndandanda wa anthu amalembedwa ndi mphoto boma chifukwa anamanganso awo pa nkhondo mpweya wa 1941-1945. Malinga ndi kafukufuku mbiri, mutu wa Hero wa Soviet Union analandira zoposa 2,200 amene anafunsidwa ndege. Ndipo stormtroopers mu mndandanda angapezeke kwambiri (860 maina).

Monga oimira mtundu wa ndege mu mndandanda zambiri kawiri Zimphona Union. Monga amadziwika, awiri amunamuna Gold Stars anayenera ake oyendetsa ngongole 65. mndandanda wa stormtroopers inachitikanso choyamba (anthu 27).

Amene akanakhoza kutenga katatu mutu wa Hero?

Alexander ndi Ivan Pokryshkin Kozhedub - oyendetsa awa, katatu Hero wa Soviet Union, m'makalata golide alembedwa maina awo m'mbiri ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World.

chakuti katatu State ananena kuti mkulu udindo wa anthu atatu okha. Kuwonjezera pa ndege ziwiri, ndi kuyambira masiku a ulimi usilikali Umuna Mihaylovich Budenny. Pokryshkin analandira mphoto yawo mkulu wa 24 May ndi 24 August 1943 ndi 19 August 1944. Ivan Kozhedub amalembedwa mwa dongosolo la Mtsogoleri wa February 4 ndi 19 August 1944, komanso pambuyo pa mapeto a Nkhondo mu August 1945.

Zopereka oyendetsa Soviet mu kugonjetsa mdani kwambiri!