SVT-40 (Sniper mfuti): amakambirana alenje, chithunzi, makhalidwe

Pakati pa nambala yaikulu mfuti imene ankagwiritsa ntchito mu 1941-1945 nkhondo, asilikali Soviet, palibe ndemanga monga mosalekeza monga SVT-40 (Sniper mfuti). Akatswiri ndi asilikali ankaona kuti si bwino kwambiri, kotero mfuti kumasulidwa posapita nthawi analeka.

Chitukuko cha zida zotere anabwera zaka nkhondo, pamene mokomera zizindikiro kachulukidwe utachepa mawu a khalidwe. Pali katswiri maganizo ngati si za nkhondo mfuti akhoza anamanga popanda zovuta, makamaka chifukwa choti anthu ambiri amene ntchito chida, kulankhula za iye ndithu.

Kufotokozera mfuti

Pakuti lalifupi sitiroko pisitoni mpweya chopopera mpweya ntchito, kubwereketsa njira ya brainstem lapansi. Kamera ndi kuyatsa oyimba kusintha chiwerengero mpweya anasonyeza kuti bwanji ntchito mfuti mu osiyana, ndipo amalola kusintha zinthu ntchito zosiyanasiyana zipolopolo.

The pisitoni transmits kayendedwe chipata, koma umabwereranso kwa kasupe wake. Mapulaniwo njira lockable chipata chimene skewed ndege choimirira. Thunthu bokosi lina kasupe mumakhala kuti abwerenso shutter kuti chimango mu malo zosiyana. Lodge pa mfuti gulu, choyambitsa limagwirira ikuchitika choyambitsa. Logwirana ndi mfuti olondera imagwiridwa.

Ntchito ku nkhondo

sitolo wapatsidwa popanda kuchotsa kuchokera tatifupi mfuti. pamaso anapanga ntchentche ndi namushnike. Sniper mfuti SVT-40 ndi chidwi kuona kuwala PU ali ndi mbiya kuipanikiza ananyema. kusinthidwa kenako ndi kuipanikiza limagwirira ofanana AVT-40 ndi mpeni kuti anayang'ana amatikumbutsa tsamba kuti chobvalidwa mu m'chimake wapadera lamba wanu.

Ngati kuwombera zachitika pamalo sachedwa, chida imayendetsedwa ndi dzanja lamanzere ndipo lili pa kanjedza kutsogolo kwa sitolo. Kugwiritsa ntchito mfuti kuchokera pansi udindo, ubwenzi ndi atagwada kumaphatikizapo atanyamula zida shopu. A chowombelera ophunzitsidwa bwino zimapangitsa pa mphindi pafupifupi 25 akatemera, ngati chisanadze odzazidwa shopu. Ngati tichita mudzaze sitolo ndi tatifupi awiri, chiwerengero cha akatemera yafupika 20 pa mphindi.

Ntchito muffler

Sniper mfuti SVT-40 ndi silencer ndi akuyesedwa pa uthunthu mu kasupe 1941. chipangizo lakonzedwa okha zipolopolo imathamanga supersonic, ndipo si oyenera mfuti zipolopolo pa wotsikirapo liwiro. Mapulani a muffler sikusintha izi liwiro chipolopolo ndi lolondola nkhondowo, koma kulira kwa mfuti ndi pafupifupi chimatha, ndi kuwala kwa kung'anima akhala sichinasinthe.

Mipweya kuchokera ufa pambuyo kuwombera popanda wakulekana ndi mbiya ndipo anapitiriza silencer, imbaenda chakuti pamene kutsegula chipata wandiweyani ndege kumenya nkhope muvi. The chipangizo kwa chete mfuti moto kuonongeka pa zochitika mayeso, ndipo kamangidwe kake salinso ikulembedwa.

Features mfuti theka-zodziwikiratu

Pa Chifinishi-Soviet nkhondo 1939-1940 icho poyamba ntchito Sniper mfuti SVT-40. Features ndi deta luso:

• likungosonyeza mfuti - 7,62;
• mfuti akulemera makilogalamu 3.8 popanda akuphunzitsa mpeni ndi makatiriji;
• zipolopolo likungosonyeza - 7,62h54 mamilimita;
• mfuti kutalika - 1 mamita 23 masentimita;
• muyezo mlingo wa moto - 20 mpaka 25 zipolopolo pa yokha;
• ndi mathamangidwe koyamba chipolopolo ndi - mamita 829 pa mphindi;
• pamaso mtunda - mpaka 1.5 Km;
• magazini akugwirizira 10 zipolopolo.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

The cholinga ndi mfuti wamba mu analogue basi kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti poyambira anagwira Fedor Tokarev SVT-38 mfuti, lomwe pa nkhondo ndi Finns kupirira okhwima kuyezetsa sukulu. Ntchito nkhondo zimathandiza kudziwa zolakwa zonse zida. Izi ndi kulemera kwakukulu, zolephera ntchito, chiwopsezo kwa kuipitsidwa ndi otsika kuwerenga kutentha komanso kufunika kwa ntchito yopitirira ya kondomu.

Constructor ali aiming kuti mfuti mbandakucha kuchepetsa kukula, pamene kuwonjezeka kudalirika ndi durability. Armourers Sakuchepetserani kukula liniya mbali yomwe ingathe ntchito molakwika zokha. Iwo amapita ndi kupanga mbali wowonda, kuchepetsa kutalika kwa mpeni, ndi sitolo, pachikuto ndi handguard akukumana kusintha structural. Pali Sniper mfuti SVT-40. Photography akudutsa pansipa kusintha kapangidwe.

Mu 1940 kudziletsa potsegula mfuti umaperekedwa ndi asilikali. mankhwala walandira ntchito chofunika, kulemera kuwala, koma kupanga mbali ikuchitika pa mbali odulidwa-mfuti analandira tcheru kupanga yolinganizika ndi malamulo a sayansi. Zida amafuna yokonza zovuta zomwe nkhondo si nthawi zonse amayenda.

Sniper mfuti

Sniper mfuti Tokarev SVT 40 kumawonjezera yopanga kokha inayamba nkhondo mu 1940. Nthawi imeneyi zinabala mfuti miliyoni. Kuyesa kugwiritsa akonzekeretse ndi chida Sniper pamaso, koma kulenga ndi lolondola bwino moto kusintha kapangidwe kuti nthawi opanga nkhondo kusiya mfundo imeneyi, ndi mfuti ya amapangidwa chitsanzo akale.

zida zodziwikiratu

Mu 1942, chitsanzo ndiye kuti basi SVT-40. Sniper mfuti tsopano atsogolela moto basi. Tokarev koma mfuti si anaikira katundu. Self-potsegula mfuti sichitha mayeso nkhondo, chifukwa atulukira zolephera zingapo kupanga yafupika. Mu January 1945, Komiti silikhali aganiza kuti mupewe yopanga SVT-40.

Mlengi Tokarev akugwira ntchito kuti alenge carbine basi, zochokera SVT-40. Sniper mfuti chitsanzo 1940 kusinthidwa mu carbine ndi amene Ntchito yaikulu ndi wosakwatiwa moto. Makinawa carbine mfuti akuzisunga kuipa onse. Malipoti ochokera kutsogolo amasonyeza kuti asilikali safuna kugwiritsa ntchito zida chifukwa osatetezeka, structural Kuvuta, osakwanira molondola.

The makhalidwe abwino a zida

Ngakhale ndemanga unflattering wa SVT 40 Sniper mfuti angapo ubwino. Kuwala kulemera kapangidwe kulola agile kusuntha polimbana ndi akulowera yaukapolo. Sniper mfuti isiyana ake kholo SVT 40 3,5 khola PU ukulu, amene ali wochepa thupi (270 ga okwana). pamaso phiri amalola kuwombera pa mtunda wa ku 600 m.

Kupambana wodzilamulira potsegula zida ndi ndalama kuchuluka kwa moto poyerekeza Mosin mfuti. Chomasuka ntchito amalola kulandira kubwerera ndi mfuti phewa, kuti akakole chitaya mbiya.

The kuipa wodzilamulira potsegula mfuti

Sniper mfuti SVT 40 alibe ntchito asilikali chifukwa cha kuchulukitsa kwa kamangidwe, zomwe zimachititsa kuti n'kovuta kupanga kupanga ndi ntchito zinthu nkhondo. Chofunika kwa yokonza zonse sangathe kuchitidwa m'mikhalidwe yolembedwa usilikali misa ku nkhondo. The kuipa si anakhala mpaka mapeto a dongosolo mpweya okwanira ndi kuthekera imfa ya kusintha zochotseka sitolo, ndi kumanga kovuta amalimbikitsa kuipitsa fumbi.

Chilakolako kuchepetsa thupi kumabweretsa chakuti pali zolephera mu zodziwikiratu zimagwirira SVT-40. Sniper mfuti akuzisunga miyeso, koma kulemera yafupika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mwatsatanetsatane ndi kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha ming'alu casing, chifukwa mu kuipitsidwa zina.

Sniper mfuti SVT-40 ndi ntchito zake

Poyamba, zakonzedwa kuti adzakhala chachikulu kudziletsa potsegula mfuti manja yaing'ono oyenda ndipo kusauka mphamvu ya moto umalimbana moto. Malinga ndi boma ankaganiza kuti zikwi zingapo zida zimenezi aliyense magawano, chiŵerengero cha mfuti theka-zodziwikiratu ndi zipangizo sanali basi ndi limagwirira anafuna kubweretsa chiŵerengero cha 1: 2.

Pofika kumayambiriro chilimwe 1941, zinabala za miliyoni zida SVT-40. Sniper mfuti alenje maganizo analandira si zabwino zokha. Ambiri mwa zida anali anaikira mu zigawo kumadzulo kwa zone malire. Imodzi ndi mfuti amenewa American M1 Garand, amene ndi ofanana magwiridwe ndi kukopera Soviet.

armorers German ntchito zitsanzo analanda wa mfuti Soviet, adafuthula ndi asilikali, monga mankhwala amenewa akhala. Middle wa World zinali zodzaza ndi chakuti Germany kukhala ndi kumasula mfuti, mfundo amene amafanana SVT-40. Soviet Union yafupika amasulidwe mfuti theka-zodziwikiratu, ndipo posakhalitsa zithe palimodzi. Kuvuta kwa kupanga, ambiri mfundo kapangidwe kupanga ulimi wa mtengo ndi unpromising. Mfuti 143 lili zinthu 22 ya masika. Mu kupanga zigawo zikuluzikulu ntchito mitundu yambiri ya steels wapadera.

zosiyanasiyana zosintha

• SVT-38 chopangidwa pamaso 1940, yodziwika ndi unyinji wa magalamu 500 kuposa chitsanzo lotsatira. Iwo sanabadwe akukonza ndi mpeni kuti magawowa kusintha, kama poyamba analenga mawonekedwe.
• SVT 40 wa view zozama ndi chishango lalifupi, zikuyamba misa limapanga mu 1940. Ali mkulu kudalirika, ndi ntchito poyerekeza ndi chimodzi wapitawu magalamu 600.
• Sniper mfuti SVT 40, mbali moti moto zolondola, anatengedwa kupanga mu 1940. Amakhala ndi munthu abutment wapadera kwa ogwiritsa chipangizo aiming ndi bwino padziko kuchitira tsinde.

• AVT 40 ndi chimake basi ndi patsogolo yaing'ono limagwirira kumasulidwa nyundo, maonekedwe akufanana ndi zofunika chitsanzo SVT-38. Ngakhale ntchito opanga kulenga odalirika basi mfuti analephera, ndi kupanga zida otero udzachepetsedwa mu 1942.
• Act 40 ndi carbine basi, zomwe si mizu mu usilikali, ngakhale anafuna moto umalimbana basi.
• MCA-O akunena za mtundu wa zida kusaka zida za redesigned SVT 40 amene inachotsedwa yolimbikitsa asilikali malo. Pakali pano, mankhwala zikufotokozedwa mu mawonekedwe a zida yowotcha limodzi. Kupezeka kwa anthu kuyambira 2012.

Pomaliza, tisaiwale kuti yopanga ndi kutukula kapangidwe ka mfuti ya amasankhidwa si bwino kwambiri panthawi ya nkhondo, Zachikondi anayikidwa pa chiwerengero cha zida, osati ubwino wake. Ngati izi zinachitika mu yamtendere zida bwino moto adzakhala pa maziko wa mfuti.