Surakusa: mfundo chidwi pa mapu ndi chithunzi

Ambiri a anthu a dziko lathuli amakhulupirira kuti mzinda wa Siracusa (Surakusa) lili Greece. Koma kwenikweni malo - Italy, ngakhale pa nthawi ina iwo kwenikweni analamulira Ahelene. Kalata "s" pamapeto pa dzina la kumudzi n'kupita kwa iwo, ndi mu mzinda uno ndipo tinkagwira ntchito Archimedes, Plato, Aeschylus ankachitika katswiri awo. Choncho, ngakhale kuti Surakusa - malo Italy, sikulakwa kuonedwa cholowa Greek.

Mbiri sangathawe

Surakusa (zowoneka ndi mbali wamkulu wa Pamudzi) anasiyanitsira pa Ortigia chilumba. Koma mzinda anakula amazipanga mofulumira ndipo mwamsanga anayamba tauni yaikulu lonse Sicily. M'nthawi ya chitukuko abwere ku Surakusa anali kumpanda asanu, m'mabwinja a nyumba akale (guwa la Zeus Eleuterio, ndi Greek Theatre, ndi quarries, ndi Bwalo la maseŵera Roma ndi manda a Archimedes). izi malo onse yapadera pa anthu ambiri kotala, amene amatchedwa Neapoli.

Kale mu BC V atumwi, Surakusa anaberekera mutu waukulu kwambiri Sicily. Komanso, mzinda uwu unali umodzi mwa midzi otchuka mu Mediterranean. Surakusa ankalamulidwa ndi olamulira ambiri. Koma wotchuka kwambiri ndi wankhanza Dionisiyo I. Iye analamulira mzinda zaka pafupifupi 40. Ndipo ulemerero wa Dionisiyo Ndinabwera nkhanza wake bestial ndi pathological kukayikirana. Malinga ndi nthano, ndi satrap anaona manja a lumo ometa a lakuthwa, analamula kuti akampachike munthu, chifukwa anaganiza kuti nkhaniyi akhoza kupha kazembeyo.

Pa nthawi ina mu mumzinda uno ntchito nakhala wamkulu wa masamu - Archimedes. Surakusa zokopa omwe - ndi chinthu zosaiŵalika, kudzitukumula Piazza Archimedes - malo dzina la sayansi ndi. 75 wazaka masamu zinachitika kuti udindo mbali luso chitetezo pa mikangano nkhondo ndi Aroma ndi kuzinga miyezi yaitali Surakusa. Malinga ndi olemba mbiri, pa nthawi iyi ya Archimedes ndinkakonda kuchita zina magalimoto, chimenenso iye anatulukira.

Zitachitika zinthu izi zonse, mzinda zotayika kufunika kwake. Pambuyo anasamutsa Aarabu Palermo, likulu la chilumba cha Surakusa anakhala akuzigawo m'derali m'tawuni.

Cave auriform

Ngati simukudziwa chimene kuona Surakusa, ndiye malangizo athu kwa inu kuyamba ulendo wanu ndi ulendo Khutu la Dionisiyo. Ndi laimu yokumba phanga, omwe akunena miyala mdima. Dzina lachilendo la chinthu kwachitika chifukwa chooneka ngati khutu la munthu.

Ambiri mwina, kukopa izi unakhazikitsidwa kumeneko, kumene kunali miyala wakale. Izi quarries wa Surakusa wotchuka padziko lonse. Kutalika kwa phanga ndi mamita 23. Ndipo pakuya akuchedwa phompho ake mamita 65. Poganizira Khutu la Dionisiyo ku ndege, mukhoza kuona kuti pamapindikira wa nthumbi akufanana kalata S. Chizindikiro pano ngati dontho. Izi mawonekedwe ali phanga zopanda malire zowulutsira. Ngakhale alendo kunong'ona chete angamvele lonse m'gawo lake. Surakusa mapu kukuwonetsani zowoneka, kodi malo ichi chosasimbika.

Cathedral ku Surakusa

N'zosatheka pitani Surakusa ndi kuona Cathedral wa mzinda. Ndipotu, chinthu akuti ndi ngale ya m'dera zazikulu m'deralo. Kachisi anali malo wolemera Greece wakale. Ndipo chifukwa panalibe Tinadabwa kuti mpingo mobwerezabwereza talandidwa. Mu BC zana loyamba, kuwonongeka kwambiri mzinda wa Surakusa, mpingo chidachitika. Zokopa, zithunzi zimene zili m'nkhani ino, mwamwayi, anapulumuka. Anthu amanyadira chakuti dera la mzinda amenewa chipilala zazikulu za zomangamanga.

Mu Mwachitsanzo tchalitchi mukhoza kumvetsa mfundo ya Italy zomangamanga mpingo.

Greek Theatre ku Italy

zokopa Surakusa amene tikukambiranawa, akhala kudziwika kwa Agiriki anakhala pano. Ndipo mu mzinda pali zinthu zambiri kuti atsimikizire choonadi ichi. Mmodzi wa awa ndi Greek zisudzo - lalikulu chipilala, amatikumbutsa nthawi ya kalekale. Mlengi wake anali satrap dzina lake Dzhelon. Ndi mmisiri anakhala Domokolos. Zisudzo, ngati khutu la Dionisiyo hollowed mu mdima thanthwe. Iwo misonkhano anthu, anapereka sewero lanthabwala ndi matsoka. Ngakhale lero, zaka ziwiri kuno umaonetsa ulaliki tingachipeze powerenga ndi Institute National of Ancient Drama.

zinthu zakale zonse Museum

Mu mzinda uliwonse pali zakale, zomwe ndithudi wokwanira ulendo. Surakusa (Sicily), kumene zokopa - ziri kwenikweni zinthu zakale amakhalanso. Ndipo dzina lake - Museum wa Palazzo Bellomo. Malowa ali pamtunda pa Ortigia chilumba. Iwo anatsegula odyera kumbuyo mu mochedwa 40 ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo, koma zaka 30 zokha patapita anamaliza. Lero, pakati pa zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho owonetsera zakale angatchedwe sarcophagi Kabastida Giovanni ndi Dzhovanni Kardenasa. Palazzo Bellomo amaoneka ngati nyumba zazikulu, chomwe anachipanga mu zaka XIII-XIV. nyumbayi kale, ndipo inasanduka Museum okha cha m'ma lomaliza.

A mawu ochepa kutsanzikana

Surakusa (malo chidwi makamaka) adzasiya chidwi kwambiri iliyonse wapaulendo. Ndipo tiyeni mzinda uwu lero ndi ochepa kwambiri (ndi anthu pafupifupi 120 zikwi. Anthu), koma muli malo osiyanasiyana zofukula m'mabwinja ndi chikhalidwe. Onse a iwo umboni m'nyengo makamaka. Lero, malo wochititsa chidwi kuuza munthu aliyense ndi moyo wake nkhani, kuchititsa moyo kunjenjemera, ndi mtima linkatentha.