Stylistics - Stylistics ndi ... English. Kalembedwe ka chinenero Russian

Stylistics - ndi chiyani ichi? Yankho funso inu kupeza kuchokera ku zipangizo operekedwa ndi nkhaniyi. Komanso angakuuzeni zimene gulu ndi zigawo kalembedwe alipo m'chinenero Russian, tione mwatsatanetsatane pa masitaelo ndi maluso a Chingerezi.

mwachidule

Stylistics - nthambi ya zilankhulo, kapena chilango philological kuti maphunziro ndi zinthu zosiyana kwambiri ndi mfundo za kusankha chinenero kulankhulana ndi njira ya gulu mayunitsi chinenero. Komanso, gawo akutha kusiyana mfundo zotulutsidwa, njira ya ntchito masitaelo.

Pali gulu otsatirawa a mwambo philological, ngati masitayeloŵa: ndi zolembalemba ndi zinenero nkhani. Komabe, tisaiwale kuti maina a subtypes losadziwika mwalamulo.

Choncho, zinenero kalembedwe gawo amasanthula zonse masitaelo zinchito mawu, ndi zolembalemba - maphunziro nkhani, dongosolo la images, chiwembu, etc. mankhwala umodzi ..

Sitingathe kunena kuti stylistics yeniyeni ya chinenero cha Chirasha kumagwirizana ndi zigawo zina za mayendedwe a phunziro ili sukulu. Mogwirizana ndi kuphunzira zimenezi mosiyana ndi malamulo ndiponso ongolankhula lexicography ntchito. Ndipotu, iwo amakhala ngati maziko a mapangidwe chuma chinenero.

gulu lalikulu

Tsopano mukudziwa chimene kalembedwe. Izi ndi nthambi wapadera wa zilankhulo, lomwe magawo zotsatirazi:

• kalembedwe malamulo;
• mosiyanasiyana;
• stylistic ponseponse;
• stylistic kudetsa mayunitsi zinenero;
• njira malumikizanidwe mawu akuti chinenero.

zigawo zikuluzikulu

The zigawo zikuluzikulu zofunika mwambo:

• kalembedwe lemba;
• ongolankhula stylistics;
• kalembedwe mayunitsi chinenero (kapena otchedwa kalembedwe gwero);
• stylistics yothandiza;
• stylistics zosiyanasiyana ntchito chinenero Russian (kapena otchedwa gawo zinchito).

stylistics zinenero

Monga tanena ndi stylistics chinenero Russian mwamwayi lophatikizana ndi ubwamunalo linagawanika mu maphunziro zolembalemba ndi zinenero. Yotsirizira ndi sayansi yonse ya masitaelo kulankhula. Iye akuphunzira mwayi zosiyanasiyana chinenero, ndicho limaonetseratu, kulankhula, evaluative, chidziwitso, maganizo ndi zinchito. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane kwambiri. Pakuti ndi Mbali imeneyi ya Russian chinenero malipiro nthawi zambiri mu pulogalamu sekondale.

Masitaelo kulankhula magwiridwe

stylistics Russian articulates amafuna kuti mawu ndi kulemba. Pa nkhani imeneyi, m'pofunika kudziwa kuti mayi lilime lathu isanu masitaelo lalikulu, akuti:

• kafukufuku;
• pulayimale;
• publicist;
• boma bizinesi;
• Art.

Kukhala ndi lingaliro lililonse, kuyang'ana pa iwo mwatsatanetsatane.

kalembedwe sayansi

mudzipatsana mawu angapo mbali monga khalidwe monologue, kukonzekera, okhwima kusankha njira zinenero mawu, komanso kulankhula dekhetsa. Childs, mu malemba kwathunthu molondola kufotokoza mfundo zonse, kusonyeza mavuto onse ndi ubale kwenikweni pakati pa zochitika zina, kuzindikira dongosolo, ndi zina zotero.

kalembedwe chitachitika

Izi kalembedwe zinchito wa kulankhula ntchito kulankhulana zosavomerezeka kapena zomveka bwino. Iwo amakhala ndi nzeru zambiri pa nkhani za m'banja, kufotokoza maganizo awo kapena mmene akumvera. Tikumbukenso kuti kulankhula amenewa kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito colloquial lexicon.

kalembedwe journalistic

Makamaka ntchito nkhani zosiyanasiyana, essays malipoti, skits, zokambirana, pamene oratory , ndi zina zotero. Pafupifupi nthawi zonse journalistic kalembedwe ntchito yolimbikitsa anthu magaziniwo, manyuzipepala, wailesi, TV, timabuku, zithunzi ndi zina zotero. Iwo amakhala ndi wapadera mawu phraseology, mawu kukwiya ndi mawu Verbless, ntchito ziganizo lalifupi, "akanadulidwa" prose, mafunso odzutsa chidwi, kubwereza, exclamations, ndi zina zotero.

Official-ntchito kalembedwe

Izi kalembedwe wa kulankhula, ntchito mwakhama timakhala boma (lamulo, mgwirizano wa mayiko, makampani asilikali, chuma, kuchuluka kwa malonda, ntchito boma, kulankhulana mabungwe boma, ndi zina zotero.).

art kalembedwe

Izi kalembedwe wa kulankhula ntchito mabuku. Iye anakhudzidwa kwambiri kwambiri mphamvu ndi malingaliro a owerenga, kwathunthu amapereka maganizo wolemba, ndipo amagwiritsa kuchuluka kwa mawu, mawu amakhala ndi kutengeka ndi zithunzi. Tikumbukenso kuti masitaelo zina ntchito m'menemo.

Stylistics monga mwambo

Monga tanena gawo ili ndi gawo kuvomerezedwa maphunziro kusukulu. Komabe, maora pang'ono maphunziro si kokwanira kuti athe kufufuza maonekedwe a kalembedwe Chirasha. N'chifukwa chake ndondomeko zina mabungwe a maphunziro apamwamba ndi kukondera anthu ovutika anatembenukira mfundo zimenezi monga "Kalembedwe ndi kusintha zolembalemba." Cholinga chake - timudziwe bwino mafunso ongolankhula la chilango, komanso chitukuko cha luso zothandiza ntchito ndi mawu enieni.

Stylistics wa Language English

Pofuna kukwaniritsa zotheka mlingo wokweretsa wodziwitsa wina kapena china yachilendo ochepa adziwe malamulo zofunika galamala, komanso kuphunzira mazana angapo kapena mawu ambirimbiri. Ndipotu, n'kofunika kuti adziwe wapadera luso - "kulankhula". Kuti zimenezi zitheke, m'mawu ake, m'pofunika ntchito osati mitundu yonse ya zipangizo stylistic, komanso kudziwa momwe ntchito bwino masitaelo a mawu.

Kodi zipangizo stylistic kukhalapo mu Chingelezi?

Akufika pa mlingo avareji English, ine ndikufuna kusintha kwambiri. Koma izi muyenera kuphunzira kukhala bwino ndi kumva yachilendo. Childs, izi ikukwaniritsa poyerekeza ndi kusanthula. Tiyeni tione pamodzi zimene zipangizo stylistic ntchito mu English:

• Mafanizo. Izi poyerekeza chobisika. Izo ntchito pamene chinthu kapena munthu zimachitika achilendo ndithu kuti zinthu. Nkofunika kwambiri kuti azisunga kulanda katundu wina pa maziko a kufanana. Mwachitsanzo, mmalo mwa mawu «nyenyezi» ntchito «siliva fumbi», m'malo «dzuwa» - «pancake» ndi ena.
• Achipongwe. njira likutsindika khalidwe kupereka munthu kapena chinthu, ndi kusonyeza tanthauzo (mwachitsanzo, mchere misozi, chikondi chenicheni kapena nyanja mokweza).
• Yerekezerani. njira imeneyi anapereka chinthu umodzi. Izi ndi zofunika kuti azindikire kusiyana ndi umboni wina. Kupeza poyerekeza mu pempholo, m'pofunika kulabadira mawu monga «ngati», «ngati», «monga ... monga», «monga ngati kukumbutsa wa», «monga», «kukhala ngati» ndi zina zotero.
• Metonymy. Amenewa kudzera mwa mawu likukhudza pamene mawu aliwonse m'malo ndi wina, omwe ndi ofanana kwambiri tanthauzo (mwachitsanzo, «korona» ndi «lupanga»).
• Antonomasia. Izi wapadera mtundu metonymies yodziwika m'malo ndi mayina.
• Euphemisms ndi lofotokozera. njira zoterozo mu chingelezi ntchito nthawi zambiri. Njira yoyamba akuti ntchito pochepetsa ena mfundo, pamene chachiwiri m'malo mwa maina a zinthu magalimoto ofotokoza ndi pa nthawi yomweyo zikusonyeza zizindikiro zawo khalidwe.
• Okokomeza. Njira imeneyi ntchito makhalidwe kwenikweni iliyonse (ie kumasulidwa mwadala). Ndi hyperbola akhoza kupereka expressiveness ndi expressiveness mwa ziganizo zotsatirazi: ndakuuzani inu nthawi 100 kapena sitinamuone muyaya.
• Otsutsana. Njira yotero yodziwika ndi Kutchulira zodabwitsa awiri kapena zinthu (mu utoto kapena tsopano kapena ayi).
• The Izitu n'zovutitsa. Njira imeneyi amabisa tanthauzo lenileni la mawu. Ndiyo kumvetsera, wowerenga kapena owerenga ayenera ndikulingalira zomwe zinali kumbuyo amenewa kapena mawu (mwachitsanzo, Iye anatembenuka ndi kumwetulira lokoma la alligator ndi).
• Oxymoron ndi chododometsa. Izi mawu - ndi chimodzi ndi lingaliro lomwelo. Monga ulamuliro, izo ntchito pa nthawi imene ayenera anatsindika chiweruzo, mosiyana lolingalira (mwachitsanzo, zochepa kwambiri, otsika inawomba nyumba yaitali kapena nkhope mokondwa yonyansa). kusiyana chawo chachikulu ndicho kuti oxymoron - mawu, chododometsa - ganizo, ganizo kapena lingaliro.

Masitayilo kulankhula English

Monga mu Russian, masitayilo kulankhula Chingerezi amadziŵika Chrixitu njira osati limaonetseratu ndi njira, komanso makhalidwe ambiri. Tiyeni tione iwo mwatsatanetsatane.

Choncho, mu English, masitaelo zotsatirazi wa kulankhula:

• Free, kapena otchedwa chitachitika kalembedwe. Iye ali ndi zolakwika m'malo kutchulidwa kwa miyezo yovomerezeka ndi lagawidwa 2 subgroups: bwino-analankhula ndi zolembalemba ndi kukambirana.
• Nyuzipepala wamasiku zambiri. Anaikira kufala kwa zochitika cholinga (ngati olembedwa kapena kulankhulana m'kamwa). kalembedwe Izi si chibadidwe chikhalidwe cha wounikira zotengera malingaliridwe kapena m'maganizo.
• malonda Official. Kalembedwe izi zochokera zikalata zonse zofunika ndi makalata onse malonda.
• Scientific ndi luso. kalembedwe Izi amakhala ndi zogwirizana ndi mfundo zomveka.
• Art. kalembedwe Izi ntchito m'mabuku. Iwo amakhala ndi subjectivity, kutengeka, ntchito phraseology, zikutanthauza kuthokoza komanso zambirimbiri zovuta kuzimvetsa ziganizo.